• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2013년도 제46회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.91-94
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• 2013

Commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes traditionally rely on the computational efficiency of the simplified single-film apparent char kinetic model to predict char particle temperatures and char conversion rates in pulverized coal boilers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability of the single-film apparent kinetic model and to suggest the importance of proper use of this model. For this, a parametric study was conducted with a consideration of main parameters such as Stefan flow, product species, particle evolution, and kinetic parameters.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.261-273
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• 2022

본 연구는 시스템 다이내믹스 기법을 활용하여 성남시의 토지이용수요를 예측하고 가족구조 변화와 토지이용밀도 조정정책이 토지이용수요에 미치는 영향을 모의실험하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 분석모형을 설계하고 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 시간의 흐름에 따른 토지이용수요의 변화를 살펴보았다. 분석결과에 의하면, 2035년 기준으로 주거용지는 2.08km², 상업용지는 1.36km²의 추가 공급이 필요하고, 공업용지는 현재 공급면적으로 수요를 충족할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 기본 모형에서 변수값을 변경하여 세가지 정책실험을 실시하였다. 첫 번째 정책실험에서는 가구원수가 기본 모형에 비해 급격히 감소할 경우에는 주거용지가 최대 7.99km² 추가공급이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 두 번째 정책실험에서는 아파트 용적율이 200%에서 300%로 상향하면 현재의 성남시 주거지역 공급면적으로 주거용지 수요 충족이 가능하였다. 세 번째 정책실험에서는 상업지역 평균층수를 4층에서 5층 상향하고 상업지역 건폐율을 80%에서 85%로 상향하더라도 상업용지의 수요가 성남시 상업지역 공급면적을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 시스템 다이내믹스를 활용하여 토지이용수요 예측의 새로운 분석모형을 제시하고, 성남시의 실제 도시계획 현황 및 통계치를 적용하여 모형을 실증하였다는데 연구의 의의가 있다. 향후 성남시 토지이용수요 예측 및 분석 모형의 정교화를 위한 후속연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.49-68
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• 2009

In 2003, the Uniform Commercial Code(UCC) which is a kind of model law to unify commercial law between several states in US was amended to use electronic document of title including bill of lading. It is the second following the Australia legislation in 1996. Also, the Korean government amended Commercial Act and made the Presidential Decree for using electronic bill of lading in 2008. In this paper the authors reveal the characteristics of the clause of UCC for electronic bill of lading. The characteristics of the clause are on the technical neutrality of the signature, the possibility of reissuance in alternative medium, and adoption of the concept of "control." It helps to suggest some implications for Korean government authority. The authors suggest the amendment of the Presidential Decree to the Korean government authority to use additionally digital signature authorized by non Korean government such as VeriSign. It will activate the use of electronic bill of lading issued by Korea repositary out of Korea.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.281-300
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• 2009

In 2003, the Uniform Commercial Code(UCC) which is a kind of model law to unify commercial law between several states in US was amended to use electronic document of title including bill of lading. It is the second following the Australia legislation in 1996. Also, the Korean government amended Commercial Act and made the Presidential Decree for using electronic bill of lading in 2008. In this paper the authors reveal the characteristics of the clause of UCC for electronic bill of lading. The characteristics of the clause are on the technical neutrality of the signature, the possibility of reissuance in alternative medium, and adoption of the concept of "control." It helps to suggest some implications for Korean government authority. The authors suggest the amendment of the Presidential Decree to the Korean government authority to use additionally digital signature authorized by non Korean government such as VeriSign. It will activate the use of electronic bill of lading issued by Korea repositary out of Korea.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.531-537
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• 1999

This paper presents the evaluaton procedures and the estimation model for DSM potential on commercial sector in Korea. In general, the evaluation process of the potential savings for DSM measures or programs consists of baseline electricity consumption forecast and potential evaluation such as technical potential(TP), economic potnetial(EP), and achievable potential(AP). A library of energy conservation measures applicable to each end-use or apparatus is developed, and energy savings and other factors are applied to the baseline demand estimates of consumption to produce potential savings estimates. The purpose of this paper is to establish the evaluation process of those DSM potential for commercial sector. In case study, we applied it to commercial sector for horizon years by end-use.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2016

OBJECTIVES : The objective of this study is to develop a traffic accident model of a roundabout based on the type of land use. METHODS : The traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the "traffic accident analysis system (TAAS)" data set of the Road Traffic Authority. A multiple linear regression model was utilized in this study to analyze the accidents based on the type of land use. Variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used to develop the accident models based on the type of land use. RESULTS : The main results are as follows. First, the null hypothesis that the type of land use does not affect the number of accidents is rejected. Second, four accident models based on the type of land use have been developed, which are statistically significant (high $R^2$ values). Finally, the total entering and circulating volumes, area of the central island, number of speed breakers, mean number of entry lanes, diameter of the inscribed circle, mean width of the entry lane, area of the roundabout, bus stops, and number of circulatory roadways are analyzed to see how they affect the accident for each type of land use. CONCLUSIONS : The development of the accident models based on the type of land use has revealed that the accident factors at a roundabout are different for each case. Thus, more speed breakers in commercial areas and an inscribed circle of proper diameter in commercial and residential areas are determined to be important for reducing the number of accidents. Additionally, expanding the width of the entry lanes, decreasing the area of the roundabouts in residential areas, and reducing the conflict factors such as bus stops in green spaces are determined to be important.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2009

UCC paradigm based on Web 2.0 has made new business models and came to the forefront as a commercial media. The purpose of this study is to analyze the customer attitudes toward UCC and its effects as a commercial media. Based on prior studies of Internet and Web advertising, informativeness, entertainment, irritation, trust, usefulness, ease of use, incentives, and flow were identified as affecting factors of the attitude of UCC advertising. Results show that informativeness, entertainment, irritation, trust, ease of use, and flow are significantly related to the attitude of UCC advertising, but usefulness and incentives are not. Customer attitude toward UCC advertising was also found to be significantly related to the such effects as brand attitude, word of mouth, and intention to buy. This study contributes to improve the understanding of UCC as a commercial media and provides the base of activation strategies for it.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2022

The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is projected to provide several chances for Vietnam's banking industry to expand into the international market. This study examines the influence of foreign ownership on credit risk in Vietnamese commercial banks before the context of participation in the CPTPP. Using a sample of 28 commercial banks between 2009 and 2020, we find that foreign ownership has a negative relationship with bank credit risk. The regression methods used include the least-squares method, fixed-effects model, random effects model, and general least squares method. The research model adds interactive variables, which will help to reflect the role of intermediary factors more accurately such as listing on the stock market, capital ratio to the relationship between foreign ownership and bank credit risk. The test results reveal that increasing the foreign ownership ratio has a bigger impact on reducing credit risk for listed banks and banks with low capital than for other commercial banks. The government should flexibly adjust the foreign ownership ratio according to the capital size and role of each bank so that it can make good use of investment capital from abroad when Vietnam joins the CPTPP.

• 감성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.377-383
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• 2006

본 연구는 섬유 소재에 IT기술을 적용하는 디지털 의류 제품 중 하나로 여성 재킷에 MP3기능을 내장시켜 상용화 할 수 있는 디자인 모형을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 선행 연구 고찰 및 5가지 MP3 기능 스마트 의류 초기 모형의 착의 평가 및 사용성 평가 결과를 반영하여, MP3 입력장치 및 모듈의 위치, 이어폰선과 신호선의 경로 등을 최적화하고 직물 기반의 신호선과 입력 장치를 이용함으로써 사용자 중심의 인터페이스와 사용성 및 동적 착용성을 갖춘 MP3 기능 스마트 재킷의 상용화 모형을 개발하였다. 이는 10대 후반부터 20대 초반까지의 여성복 시장을 겨냥한 것으로 최근의 패션 트렌드와 소비자의 감성적 만족도 그리고 디지털 의류 제품으로서의 가치를 고려해 볼 때 상품적 효용이 매우 높을 것으로 예측된다.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2020

Sphacelaria is a filamentous brown algal genus that can be epibiotic on macroalgae, marine plants, and sea turtles. Its important role in benthic ecosystems, exposure to different stressors (e.g., grazing), and use as a model organism make Sphacelaria ideal for assessing physiological responses of organisms to environmental inputs. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful new probe for understanding environmental responses of organisms at the molecular (transcriptome) level, capable of delineating gene regulation in different cell types. In the case of plants, this technique requires protoplasts ("naked" plant cells). The existing protoplast isolation protocols for Sphacelaria use non-commercial enzymes and are low-yielding. This study is the first to report the production of protoplasts from Sphacelaria fusca (Hudson) S.F. Gray, using a combination of commercial enzymes, chelation, and osmolarity treatment. A simple combination of commercial enzymes (cellulase Onozuka RS, alginate lyase, and driselase) with chelation pretreatment and an increased osmolarity (2512 mOsm/L H₂O) gave a protoplast yield of 15.08 ± 5.31 × 10⁴ protoplasts/g fresh weight, with all the Sphacelaria cell types represented. Driselase had no crucial effect on the protoplast isolation. However, the increased osmolarity had a highly significant and positive effect on the protoplast isolation, and chelation pretreatment was essential for optimal protoplast yield. The protocol represents a significant step forward for studies on Sphacelaria by efficiently generating protoplasts suitable for cellular studies, including single-cell RNA sequencing and expression profiling.