• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.46-49
• /
• 1998

In this paper, we introduce the notion of intelligent communication by introducing a novel intelligent receiver model. This receiver is continually evolving and learns and improves in performance as it compiles its experience over time. In digital communication context, in a typical training mode, it jearns the concept of "1" as is deteriorated by arbitrary (not necessarily additive as is typically assumed) disturbance and /or modulation. After learning "1", in test mode, it classifies the received signal "1" and "0" almost completely. The intelligent receiver as implemented is grounded on the recently introduced Stochastic Morphological Sampling Theorem(SMST), a distribution-free result which gives theoretical bounds on the sample complexity(training size) needed for the required performance parameters such as accuracy($\varepsilon$) and confidence($\delta$). Based on this theorem, we demonstrate --almost irrespective of channel and modulation model-- the number of samples needed to learn the concept of "1" is not too "large" and the resulting universal receiver structure, that corresponding to classical Nearest Neighbor rule in Pattern Recognition Theory, is trivial. We check the surprising efficiency and validity of this model through some simple simulations. and validity of this model through some simple simulations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.761-772
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the experience of securing patient safety in hospital operating rooms. Methods: Experiential data were collected from 15 operating room nurses through in-depth interviews. The main question was "Could you describe your experience with patient safety in the operating room?". Qualitative data from the field and transcribed notes were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology. Results: The core category of experience with patient safety in the operating room was 'trying to maintain principles of patient safety during high-risk surgical procedures'. The participants used two interactional strategies: 'attempt continuous improvement', 'immersion in operation with sharing issues of patient safety'. Conclusion: The results indicate that the important factors for ensuring the safety of patients in the operating room are manpower, education, and a system for patient safety. Successful and safe surgery requires communication, teamwork and recognition of the importance of patient safety by the surgical team.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.603-613
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and identify the role adaptation processes of family caregivers with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward. Methods: Using a grounded theory methodology, in-depth individual interviews were conducted. Data were collected from 11 participants. The participants were asked about their experiences of role adaptation considering situational contexts and interactional strategies. Transcribed data and field notes were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Results: The core category was 'becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear'. The identified phenomena by the participants were the joy of being alive, having hope for a full recovery, anxiety and fear of uncertain future, feeling burdensome on a given role. The results included both role adaptation and mal-adaptation of caregivers. Conclusion: The role adaptation processes of family caregiver with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward can be explained as becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear. The findings of the study provided fundamental information for developing programs to support the given family caregivers for successful role adaptation.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.332-343
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends of spiritual care in Korea and to make suggestions for future studies. Methods: 209 researches from 1981 to 2012 were analyzed. Results: Among the 209 studies reviewed. 74 were thesis studies and 135 for reported research in academic journal. There were 169 quantitative studies, 11 qualitative studies and 29 other types studies. The most frequently used study design was correlational. The majority of study participants were patients, followed by nursing students, nurses or non-medical participants. In the correlation studies, the variable of spiritual well-being had a positive correlation with hope, self-esteem and spiritual nursing care and a negative correlation with depression, anxiety and loneliness. In the experimental studies, the independent variables were spiritual nursing intervention, spiritual care education program and spiritual promoting intervention. The main theme of qualitative studies were the experience of spiritual care, spiritual experience and the most frequent designs were grounded theory, phenomenology and interpretative phenomenology. Conclusion: The domestic research about spiritual care needs to utilize a variety of approaches including concept or tool development study suitable for Korean peoples, multi-disciplinary research, qualitative study and program development study.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.93-101
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the internal factors whether teachers execute experiments at the science classes in the elementary school. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were performed with 9 elementary school teachers who have served for more than three years. In-depth interviews were performed individually and all the interviews were recorded. Data sources were analyzed by grounded theory. The results were as follows: The internal factors that they did experiments at the science classes were science teaching faiths in experiment, self confidence in experiment, interest in science. and the internal factors that they did not experiment at the science classes were lack of science content knowledge, lack of science education knowledge, memory of failure at experiment, and so on. The investigation results imply inquiry activities should be more strengthened in elementary teacher education program and pre-service teacher curriculum. And it needs to give a materials of receiving information and guidance detailed about the experiments.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of hospice nurses on spiritual care. Methods: Data was collected from 9 hospice nurses by using in-depth interview. The main questions include what they understand as spiritual care, when they feel the needs of spiritual care, how they perform spiritual care, and what is the outcome of spiritual care. The data was analyzed by grounded theory methodology developed by Strauss and Corbin. Results: The core category of experience of hospice nurses on spiritual care was identified as "Untie a knot of mind". In the process of spiritual care in hospice nurses was consisted of soothing, dwelling with, releasing, giving meaning, plunging, and going beyond a life. Conclusion: The result of this study was expected to give useful information to nurses and nursing managers about the real situation of performance of spiritual care. The findings of this study contributes to developing programs and supportive policies for encouraging spiritual care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.13-25
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The study aimed at providing better understanding of the way of carrying out nursing practice tailored to meet patient's individuality, and types of customized care in home care settings. Method: This study was conducted with qualitative design, using a grounded theory method. The directors of the home care department at three general hospitals nominated 12 staff nurses who had the experience of customized care. The data were collected using interview and field observation, and analyzed line-by-line with steps of coding. Result: The core category of customized care was 'caring in a precise manner suited to patient's individuality'. The central phenomenon was 'desire to do more for patient'. The action and interactions were: (a) knowing a patient all the more, (b) making a special relationship to a patient, (c) designing care alternatives reflecting individuality, and (d) performing the care alternatives reflecting individuality. Three types of customized care were the following: (a) completion of customized care, (b) an attempt to customized care, and (c) abandonment of working for customized care. Conclusions: The knowledge of customized care would be based on development of nursing practice program focusing on patient' individuality, and instrument development necessary for further research on care customization.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.1059-1082
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends, research methodology and findings of various researches on family resilience published in Korea over the past 13 years. A total of 93 publications related to family resilience between 1999 and June of 2012 were analyzed; 72 journal articles and 21 doctoral dissertations which had not been published in academic journals. The results are as follows; (1) There has been steady increase in the number of related researches since 1999, with a significant increase since the mid-2000s as various nontraditional families emerged and the perception of family problems began to change. (2) With regards to the methodology, the majority of the studies were empirical, using quantitative methods in both data collection and analysis. Most measurement scales employed were based on inventories developed by foreign researchers. (3) The research subjects encompass a wide range of individuals and groups from both vulnerable families and families from the general population. Additionally, some researches focused on special interest areas including program development & evaluation and scale development. Although research on family resilience has increased in quantity, there needs to be more qualitative, longitudinal and theory grounded studies on different families and individual types to better understand family resilience in depth. In addition, specific measurement scales reflecting the unique Korean family culture should be developed. Other challenges and suggestions for future research on family resilience are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identified the male nurses' encounter in adapting themselves in the hospital settings dominated by the female nurses in number. Method: Data were collected through the in-depth interview of 16 male nurses and analysed through the grounded theory methodology. Result: The behaviors of have made tremendous for job-adaptation can be summarized as a series of struggles to consolidate their own ground. They have made tremendous efforts to hold their own ground in the nursing profession composed of a large numbers of female nurses, while they have experienced many difficulties and problems as minorities. They have struggled to adapt themselves professionally through efforts such as; challenging the social and professional barriers, identifying the job identity, empowering themselves through self-development and dedication, expanding their influence among colleagues. In spite of these efforts, they had the perception that nursing is not a lifelong occupation for them. Thus, they had tendency to find outlets of change to occupations. Conclusion: A specific strategy is needed to provide an environment that is helpful for males in integrating into and adapting to the nursing profession.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.40 no.6
• /
• pp.785-798
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the role adaptation process experienced by executive directors of nursing department of general hospitals. Methods: Data were collected from 9 executive nursing directors though in-depth interviews about their experiences. The main question was "How do you describe your experience of the process of role adaptation as an executive nursing director?" Qualitative data from field and transcribed notes were analyzed using Strauss & Corbin's grounded theory methodology. Results: The core category of experience of the process of role adaptation as an executive nursing director was identified as "entering the center with pushing and pulling". The participants used five interactional strategies; 'maintaining modest attitudes', 'inquiring about trends of popular feeling', 'making each person a faithful follower', 'collecting & displaying power', 'leading with initiative'. The consequences of role adaptation in executive nursing directors were 'coexisting with others', 'immersing in one's new role with dedication', and 'having capacity for high tolerance'. The types of role adaptations of executive directors in nursing department were friendly type, propulsive type, accommodating type. Conclusion: The results of this study produced useful information for executive nursing directors on designing a self-managerial program to enhance role adaptation based on interactional strategies.