• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical development which occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood. Going through this period, various parts of an adolescent's body grow at different rates, leading to different body shapes and proportions when compared to adults. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the body sizes and shapes of junior high school boys from ages 13-15 based on body measurement items that are used as the basis for school uniform designs including jackets, shirts, and pants. For this, the study sought the basic data needed to develop body shapes and school uniform patterns for junior high school boys using the data from the 6th Size Korea Survey (2010). Specifically, it provided basic data for the development of school uniform patterns that fit well through the classification of bodies into particular types. After extracting body shape componen a cluster analysis using ANOVA was performed. According to the factor analysis conducted to determine body shape components, 5 factors were obtained as follows: Factor 1: bulk and horizontal size, Factor 2: body height and length, Factor 3: shoulder shape and length, Factor 4: characteristics of horizontal size, Factor 5: shape of the upper body with a variance of 82.62%. To classify junior high school boys' body shape was determined using various characteristics, and a cluster analysis was performed with the variables obtained by the factor analysis. For this, body shapes were classified into 3 different types: Type 1 accounted for 33.4%, with a total of 463 subjects. This type was a tall, long body individual with the smallest bulk and size. Type 2 accounted for 22.7%, with a total of 315 subjects. This type was large in bulk and horizontal size, but the lowest in height and length. Type 3 accounted for 43.9%, with a total of 610 subjects. This type was close to average in terms of horizontal size, length, and height. To develop well-fitting school uniforms for junior high school students, there should be further studies on changes in body shape and their associated causes. The study results will be available as basic data for comparing branded school uniform patterns for junior high school boys and developing school uniform patterns based on body shape, using 3D virtual clothing simulations.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to characterize the upper body shape of men in their 50s and 60s by analyzing direct measurement data. Sixty one direct measurement items were analyzed. Subjects (n = 752) were classified based on 5 factors into 4 body types. In order to acquire accurate upper body shape information by analyzing body type using the 8th Size Korea direct measurement data, body shapes were classified through factor and cluster analysis. As a result of the comparative analysis of the upper body measurements from the 5th to the 8th Size Korea measurement, it was found that waist circumference item tended to increase significantly from the 5th Size Korea measurements. The upper body type of middle aged males were classified using five factors: the trunk obesity factor, the trunk vertical factor, the width of the back shoulder, the vertical factor behind the back, and the length factor of the upper body. Middle-aged men were classified into four body types through cluster analysis. Type 1 is relatively short with big arms, Type 2 has wide shoulders and thin arms, and in Type 3, the upper body is relatively long. Type 4 is the most obese upper body.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.124-135
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• 2007

To understand tendency of body shapes of Chinese women who reside in Beijing and Shanghai for improving the match of exported clothes to China, this categorizes the bodies by extracting the elements of the objects and understanding body promotion. To categorize the subject by not size factor but form factor, data were compared and analyzed mainly with index based on measurement of the body. This selected specimen as 1381 of Chinese women from 19 to 50 selected in random sampling in Shanghai and Beijing from 23th, June to 7th August in 2004. 1. Chinese women is generally separated in 7.09 parts and upper body including waist shapes round. 2. The elements indicating the women's physical properties are obesity, the size of upper part, front shape, side shape, shoulder and back shape, perpendicular size and lower part length, body shape. 3. The Chinese are categorized by three factors. Normal shape which is not both fat and skinny, records the highest in the ranking.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.672-686
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• 2022

The study classifies and analyzes the lower-body-shape types of female adolescents aged 14 to 16 years to provide meaningful information for making ready-to-wear patterns that are suitable for various female adolescent body types. The body-size data of 830 females aged 14 to 16 years were analyzed from 6th Size Korea anthropometric study. A factor analysis of 27 measurement items related to the lower body extracted 3 factors: waist/upper legs, height of the lower body, and hip area. A cluster analysis classified the female adolescent lower-body types into four clusters: the skinny body type with the shortest lower-body length, the most obese body type with the largest girth, the normal body type with the longest hip length, and the slender body type with the longest lower-body length. The discriminant analysis determined that nine measurement items had the most influence on classifying lower-body-shape types, and discriminant functions were derived. These results are meaningful because they provide more precise information about lower-body-shape types.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.230-243
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyse the body sizes of $7{\sim}12$ years elementary school girls and also to categorize KS size dimensions by the detailed information of ages and body shapes. For the study, the data of SizeKorea(2004) was analysed. Height, bust, waist, hip, the ratio of waist to height and hip to height were significant between age groups, but the ratio of bust to height was not. Therefore, the increase of bust size was resulted in growth of bust circumference, instead of bust volume. In the same height group, over 11 year girls had smaller waist, while over 12 year girls had bigger hip. For Grouping girls by ages and body shapes, the ages were divided into 2 groups, under 10 years old and 11 to 12 years old. The body shapes classified into 3 groups 'Stout-shape', 'Middle-shape', and 'slim-shape', by the ratios of bust to height and hip to height. 'Stout-shape' was significantly big at the almost sizes, but 'Middle-shape' was significantly big at only circumferences, not lengths. In addition, drop(the difference between bust and hip) and lower-drop(the difference between waist and hip) were in inverse proportion to the ratios of bust to height and hip to height. It meant the increases of bust-ratio and hip-ratio of 'Stout-shape' were resulted in overweight, rather than female matureness. The distribution of sizes over 0.5% were grouped for grading system and the subtotal percentiles of each group were calculated for industrial data. The groups which covered more than 10% of consumers were 2 to 6 and the 1 or 2 groups for 'Stout-shape' were also observed, so that children's ready-to wear companies could use them efficiently for their own consumer target.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.777-786
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the perception of men's lower body shape in the 60s with that in the 20s. On hundred and seven men in the 60s and 178 men in the 20s participated in the survey and measurements. The results were as follows : 1. It was perceived that men in the 60s had broader girth but lighter weight than men in the 20s. The research revealed that men in the 60s was more satisfied with their lower body shape than men in the 20s. 2. It was also found that the ideal size of men in the 60s was broader in the girth of their waist and hip, shorter in their height, and lighter in their weight compared to men in the 20s. 3. It showed a difference in the satisfaction with their body shape between men in the 60s and the 20s. The satisfaction with their lower body shape of men in the 60s was more affected by their perception than by their real measured size. On the other hand, the satisfaction of men in the 20s was affected by their perception as much as by their measured size. 4. If we look at the perception and satisfaction in relation with their body types, we found that there was a difference in the girth of their waist, abdomen, hip, and weight depending on their body types. And men in the 20s showed greater differences in their perception and satisfaction depending on their body types, compared to men in the 60s. 5. The measured size of men in the 20s had greater differences depending on their body types than that of men in the 60s. On the contrary, the ideal size of men in the 60s had greater differences than that of men in the 20s.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.449-459
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is investigate the feature of the body shape of obese males and to propose a new apparel sizing system considering the body size of obese men through an the analysis of the body measurement of obese men in their twenties as reported in the 'Fifth Korean National Physical Standard Reports'. For this study, a new apparel sizing system for casual wear was proposed for obese men in their twenties after a body measurement of 159 obese men in their 20s with a BMI of 25 and over as reported in the 'Fifth Korean National Physical Standard Reports' conducted by SIZEKOREA. This study sought to investigate the features of obese men's bodies by comparing the body shape between obese men and ordinary men. The result of shows that width, depth and circumference items influencing the width size when producing clothes are larger in the case of an obese body shape than an ordinary body shape, and that the stature, total length, arm length and outside leg length influencing the length size are similar between an obese body shape and an ordinary body shape. Therefore, it was confirmed that an apparel sizing system specializing in clothes for obese customers is required. As a result of this study of the features of body shape, the control dimensions for such an apparel sizing system were determined to be the stature and chest circumference of upper garments and the stature and waist circumference(omphalion) for lower garments. The interval between the sizes was 5cm for the stature and was irregular for the chest and waste circumference. Consequently, 8 sizes were proposed for upper garments and 9 sizes were proposed for lower garments.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2023

In this study, the difference in human body dimensions between the age groups of Generation M (27 to 39 years old) and Generation Z (20 to 26 years old) was analyzed. This study also analyzed if there was a change in the body shape of the MZ generation, who have different sensibilities from the "young people" of the past. In addition, major changes in human body dimensions were carefully analyzed and presented as basic data for clothing design. Therefore, a t-test was performed to verify the significant differences in the measurements of each age group. To examine the change in human body measurements according to the measurement year, the 7th and 8th size Korea data statistics were analyzed. The main required dimensions of clothing design were analyzed graphically for visual changes according to measurement year and age group. As a result of the analysis, Generation Z was found to have a difference in body shape from Generation M, and is generally smaller and slimmer with broader shoulders. In addition, the body shape change between the 7th and 8th measurement periods was significantly higher than the 8th measurement overall. Height has increased and back length has become shorter, resulting in a larger ratio of lower body length. In addition, the proportion of obesity abnormalities has increased. Therefore, since the dimensional system set from the past data can cause problems for the fitting of clothing for the MZ generation, it is necessary to design the clothing and reset the dimensional system making it suitable for the changed the body shape of the MZ generation.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to study real body size and ideal body shape by considering the degree of satisfaction of body part and understanding body size by the degree of leanness/obesity. The subjects in this study were 420 males from 18 to 25 years old. Body measurements and surveys were taken and analyzed by mean, standard variation, correlation analysis, regression analysis, crosstabulation analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's Test. The results of analyses indicate that the subjects tended to be satisfied with thick chest and upper limbs, wide shoulder width, and preferred to be tall and have big hands and feet. By cluster analysis of 19 variables, the subjects were divided into 4 groups, each consisting 41, 138, 134, and 47 males. Because the 19 variables were body measurements transformed to eliminate the body size factor, this classification was considered to express how lean or how obese a human body appears. The results of one way ANOVA and Duncan's Test indicate that, according to the degree of leanness/obesity from Group I (lean tendency) to Group IV(obese tendency), characteristics of the body shape changed as follows; height became lower, limbs became shorter, trunk and limbs became thicker and weight became heavier. Also it showed that Group IV were most satisfied with chest girth, upper limb girth and shoulder width and Group I with height, hip girth and waist girth.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.122-142
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• 2018

In the virtual fitting system, the use of a 3D avatar is not a simple garment model, but it should be able to reproduce the size and shape of the customer using a fitting system. Although various virtual fitting systems have their own 3D avatar sizing systems and provide 3D avatars that match the size of the customer, there are limitations in realizing the actual body shape in actual use by the consumer. The purpose of this study is to realize a 3D avatar with excellent size and conformity for customer use. Therefore, this study aims to provide basic data for the formation of a 3D standard avatar of Korean women aged in their 20's, by comparing and analyzing the degree of the consumer user friendly system change of a body type, and the consumer's ability in selecting a consumer representative body type. Based on the survey data of 'Size Korea' conducted from 2004 to 2015 at three times, we examined the change of body shape over 10 years. Then, based on the results of 6th and 7th data, 4 factors of the concurrent body shape change of women of the consumer demographic studied were selected through the use of a factor analysis. Following this analysis, the 4 extracted factors were clustered again and finally released 7 representative body types, which were obtained based on height and weight. The size of each representative figure is derived by the use of a regression analysis, and it is used as a basic data for 3D avatar formation of the virtual fitting system.