• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1171-1189
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• 2014

In order to provide the basic data for creating the environment which can efficiently reflect prefer fit along with body size when selecting clothes size in the indirect purchasing environment, this study analyzed the difference of ready-made jacket part-specific fit preferred by fashion models in their twenties and female college students. This study was to analyze the impact of body size, recognition of body part-specific characteristics shape, body satisfaction on prefer fit of jacket. As for the difference of prefer fit depending on the body size, female college students preferred more loose fit than models. The difference according to recognition of body part-specific characteristics shape turned out to be significant for prefer fit depending on the degree of bend of neck, arm length, bend of back recognition and matching fit was found to be preferred as they recognize their body shape to be normal and the difference according to body satisfaction appeared to be significant in the terms of bend of back, hip width/protrusion, torso size/length, sleeve length, whole body shape and they turned out to prefer matching fit as they are satisfied with their body. As shown above, body size, recognition of body part-specific characteristics shape, especially body satisfaction have a great influence on prefer fit of jacket and therefore, if preparing for a size selection step according to body shape and satisfaction in the jacket size selection process, customers' satisfaction in jacket size may be improved and it is considered to be helpful for both consumers and sellers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

This study classified short adult male body types and identified characteristics by body type according to Size Korea's 7th human system measurement data for men in their 20s to 60s. There were four body types for short adult males. Type 1 was a 'short bird legs-normal body shape' with an average body size, low body height, short torso length, thin legs, and no sagging shoulders. Type 2 was a 'short torso thin body' with a small body size, a slim body, a high body height, a short torso length and no sagging shoulders. Type 3 was a 'thick leg-overweight body shape' with a large body size, thick legs, low body height, small shoulder length and obesity. Type 4 was a 'long bird legs-normal body' with a normal body size, high body height, thin legs, long torso and sagging shoulders. The development of clothing design and pattern reflecting the body shape characteristics of short adult males should be improved to fit clothing and suitability. It is necessary to increase the satisfaction of ready-to-wear for consumers with various body types by adding the size for shorter men through a subdivision of the ready-made size system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1443-1454
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were to classify body type of adult males into several kind of shape and to provide the characteristics of size of each group which has same shape. As the sample, subjects were 1290 males of 20 to 54 year-old. The procedure and results were follows; 1. As the result of the previous reserch, the front line of body was classified in X, H, Y and A types. 2. The principal component analysis was used to obtain the shape factor of the side line of the trunk. 9 factors in the side were extracted. As the result of the cluster analysis of factor scores, the side line of body was classified in 5 types. It was named X, A, Y and H type in the front and S, D1, d, I and D2 type in the side. 3. In order to consider the shape of body as a whole, the body shape of the front and side were compounded. The whole body shapes of adult male were very various, and 6 body shapes, XS, YS, Yd, YI, AD2 and HD1 were selected as the basic types. In each type of body, several groups were classified by size factor, height and chest girth and master size was selected considering appearance frequency.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.95-108
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• 2018

This study analyzed the body shape of the body of 17~19 years old female students using the SPSS 20.0 statistical program according to the 7th Korea Human Body Survey. Factor analysis was based on six factors including body size, body height, shoulder length, and width, upper body length, hip length, and shoulder inclination related factors. Through this cluster analysis, the body shape of late adolescent female student was classified into four types. Body type 1 was the highest body height factor, and the upper body length and the hip length factor were lower. It was analyzed as 'Long leg in the body'. Body type 2 is the 'narrow shoulder skinny type' with high hip and shoulder slope factors and low body size, body height, shoulder length, and width factor. Body type 3 showed body size, shoulder length, height and hip length factor, and body height factor was rather low 'low hip obese body shape'. Body type 4 was analyzed as 'lower shoulder long upper body type' with higher upper body length factor and lower body size and shoulder slope factor. It is thought that when the pattern is made, it is possible to produce excellent patterns by fitting the dimensions of the body, as well as the dimensions of the shoulder width, the slope, and the hip length.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2020

This study provide basic data to develop a dress form reflecting body shape characteristics by age and to produce a 3D body form in a virtual fitting program. A comparative analysis was conducted on the size, section shape, and slope of side shape of the modeling form by the sizing of the basic female avatar in CLO 3D, one of the 3D apparel CAD programs and the body form of women in their 20s-50s by body shape in the 6th Size Korea (2010). First, all the differences were formed similarly in the direct measurements between the 3D avatar and the body form were within 1 mm. Second, in a comparison of the section form of the avatar and body form in Size Korea, the avatar was formed in straight body shape and did not reflect a spinal curvature according to age. As a result of an examination of the items with a difference over 5° in the slope of side shape, there were angle differences in numerous body shapes in the angles of the side upper abdomen, side upper back, and side upper bust, and the avatar's bust shape was expressed more flatly compared to body form. It will be possible to produce an avatar that can adequately reflect body shape characteristics by adding detailed length and angle items by the region like waist back length and front length in producing the avatar reflecting body shape characteristics, instead of a standard body shape.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.240-246
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• 2013

Data from 540 subjects (included in the obesity group whose BMI was over 25) was selected from 2,445 subjects in the $6^{th}$ Korean Body Size Survey. A total of 25 direct measurements were selected for the relevant literature lower body size measurement analysis, that included 9 components related to BMI, height and circumferences, 3 components related to width and thickness, 5 components related to length, 3 components related to height, and 2 other components. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis and variance analysis were executed using PASW 18.0 to analyze the data. In accordance with the factor analysis results to classify the lower body shape of overweight women in their 20s to 60s whose BMI was over 25, 4 factors were identified (lower body volume, leg volume, lower body length and leg length). A total of 4 lower body shapes of overweight women were found through cluster analysis using 4 factor scores from the factor analysis. Body Shape 1 had the largest lower body and leg volume. It was the heaviest group. Leg length was at a normal level. Body Shape 1 was 22.2% (122 subjects). Body Shape 2 had the longest legs and the smallest body shape; however, Body Shape 2 was the leg obesity group with the largest leg volume. It was 39.8% (215 subjects). Body Shape 3 had a smaller leg volume in proportion to the lower body thickness and a long lower body length. It comprised 27.8% (150 subjects). Body Shape 4 comprised 9.8% (53 subjects) with the shortest leg. Its lower body obesity was at a normal level.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.57-68
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• 2008

In this study, we prepared reference data needed for clothing design for middle-aged women by analyzing body satisfaction of their body shape, which had been classified by collecting body features of middle-aged women. As for the study method, we have set five scales from 'never satisfied' to 'very much satisfied,' after analyzing body features of middle-aged women by measuring their body shape through the body meter and auxiliary tools. We used the SPSS 12.0 statistics program, and the results are the following: Body shapes of middle-aged women can be classified into the following four types. A middle-age women with an 'A silhouette' has a normal height, but fat nether limbs. A 'Y silhouette' is short with a fat upper body. The 'O silhouette' is short with fat nether limbs and upper body, and 'H silhouette' is tall and thin. Body shape I has displayed satisfaction with her own body shape, and body shape II showed the most dissatisfaction compared to other body shapes. Body shape III showed satisfaction on all items except face size and breast size, whereas body shape IV was dissatisfied with her face size, neck length, shape of her breast, waist, and buttocks. The result of this study is expected to contribute in accomplishing clothing production that will satisfy the desire of the consumers in the clothing business, while being utilized as the basic data for clothing design that fits their body shape by grasping the changing patterns of their body shape.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.639-651
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• 2020

This study utilized data to classify and characterize the body types of plus-size adult men aged in their 30s and 40s. Diversity is an important factor in the era of inclusive design, and discussion about size diversity to include the plus size should be accommodated. Data from 493 adult men classified as obese (with a World Health Organization criterion ≥25 BMI) were used for the analysis. The results of the study are as follows. Six independent factors were extracted using factor analysis for cluster analysis, which were then classified into five types. Type 1 (29.01%) was identified as body type I with the smallest degree of obesity. Type 2 (15.4%) was identified as body type Y with wide shoulders and a thin waist. Type 3 (14.2%) was the largest body volume (body type O), while the fourth (19.27%) identified as body type H has a large height and upper body. Lastly, type 5 (22.11%) has a long lower body and a slim abdomen, referred to as body type X. This study presents a basis for the development of various clothing sizes utilizing the body shape characteristics of plus-size men in their 30s and 40s. Follow-up research is needed to develop patterns for plus size men and to design various products.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.130-137
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• 2013

The percentage of overweight people has increased in older people due to the change of body shape (including pregnancy and giving birth for women). Obesity is accompanied by body shape changes; subsequently, there are more pattern design considerations compared to standard body shapes. This paper classifies the upper body shape of overweight women in Korea, analyzes features by body shape and proposes basic pattern design data that reflects the features of plus-size women body shapes. The data on 540 subjects in the overweight group (from 20 to 69 years old)whose BMI was over 25 was selected. The following features by shape were identified in accordance with the upper body shape classification of overweight women. Body Shape1 had lower body obesity with long stature and arms in proportion to the trunk length and represented 22.2% of the subjects. Body Shape2 had most parts near average sizes for overweight body shapes with short height and arms that represented 37.6% of the subjects (the highest ratio). Body Shape3 was the smallest body shape in the four groups with the most distinct body figure and represented 30.7% of the subjects. Body Shape4 (9.4% of the subjects)was the upper body obesity type (the fattest group)and with of the waist bigger abdominal obesity type.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

This study investigated the anthropometric characteristics of US women 26 to 45 years of age to classify their body shapes into different categories. Research data was obtained from 2950 women 26 to 45 years of age who participated in the SizeUSA study. A 26 to 35 years of age group and a 36 to 45 years of age group were selected from the data pool. A total of 26 measurements important for body shape classification and for apparel product development was used for the data analysis. Five factors accounted for the US women's body measurements. The body shapes of women were categorized into 4 types: Obese A-Shape, Overweight Y-Shape, Obese H-Shape, and Normal S-Shape. Normal S-Shape was the most common body shape type. More women in the 26 to 35 years of age group had Normal S-Shape type than women in the 36 to 45 years of age group. More women in the 36 to 45 years of age group had Obese A-Shape, Overweight Y-Shape, and Obese H-Shape than women in the 26 to 35 years of age group. Younger US women, 26 to 35 years of age had slimmer body sizes with more balanced body shapes; however, older US women, 36 to 45 years of age had larger body sizes with more various body shapes.