• 한국노년학
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.711-732
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 우리나라 노인들이 삶 속에서 실제적으로 경험하는 노후생활의 의미와 본질을 이해하고 시대적·문화적 배경 속에서 이를 재구성하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 다양한 유형의 노인들을 접할 수 있는 도농복합지역인 경기도 화성시를 선정하여 만 60세 이상 노인 15명을 대상으로 심층면담(interview)을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 한국 노인이 인식하는 노후생활은 신체적, 가족적, 경제적, 여가적, 사회환원적 측면으로 나타났다. 둘째, 노후준비에 대한 인식과 준비도는 상당히 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 꿈꿔왔던 노후생활과 실제 노후준비에 대한 격차가 커짐으로써 '자녀들에 대한 원망', '현실부정', '신체적·경제적 변화', '생애주기의 연장선에서 오는 경험'으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 근거하여 다음과 같이 제언해 보면, 첫째, 노후생활과 노후 준비에 대한 의식을 강화하고, 성공적인 노후생활을 목표로 한 교육을 다양화할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 생애주기별 영역에 따른 통합적 관점에 입각한 노인복지정책, 실천적 개입이 요구된다. 셋째, 현 노인세대를 대상으로 한 소득보장제도를 강화할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 생애사건에 대한 적응과 대처방식에 대한 개입이 필요하다. 다섯째, 예비 노인세대를 위한 노후생활설계 프로그램을 확대 시행할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제56권1호
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Socioeconomic inequality in metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains poorly understood in Iran. The present study examined the extent of the socioeconomic inequalities in MetS and quantified the contribution of its determinants to explain the observed inequality, with a focus on middle-aged adults in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease cohort study. A sample of 9975 middleaged adults aged 35-65 years was analyzed. MetS was assessed based on the International Diabetes Federation definition. Principal component analysis was used to construct socioeconomic status (SES). The Wagstaff normalized concentration index (CI_n) was employed to measure the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in MetS. Decomposition analysis was performed to identify and calculate the contribution of the MetS inequality determinants. Results: The proportion of MetS in the sample was 41.1%. The CI_n of having MetS was 0.043 (95% confidence interval, 0.020 to 0.066), indicating that MetS was more concentrated among individuals with high SES. The main contributors to the observed inequality in MetS were SES (72.0%), residence (rural or urban, 46.9%), and physical activity (31.5%). Conclusions: Our findings indicated a pro-poor inequality in MetS among Iranian middle-aged adults. These results highlight the importance of persuading middle-aged adults to be physically active, particularly those in an urban setting. In addition to targeting physically inactive individuals and those with low levels of education, policy interventions aimed at mitigating socioeconomic inequality in MetS should increase the focus on high-SES individuals and the urban population.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.103-116
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze and diagnose the actual state of extinction risk in rural villages by analyzing time series population characteristics and extinction risk index of rural villages(Haengjeong-ri). As a research method, a time series analysis was performed on the 'population over 65' and the 'female population aged 20 to 39' related to the local extinction index. In addition, the disappearance of Haengjeong-ri village was analyzed using the existing local extinction index. For the study, Haengjeong-ri village-level GIS spatial data was constructed, and population attribute data in 2010, 2015, and 2020 were constructed. In order to derive implications, the change of the 'high risk of extinction 'village in the 2020 local extinction index, the distribution of the population of 'high risk of extinction' villages by three years, the population analysis of 'high risk of extinction' villages continuously from 2010 to 2020, and 'high risk of extinction' An analysis of the increase and decrease of the population of the village and the change of the local extinction index of Haengjeong-ri, where the city, county, and towns are located were analyzed. As a result of the analysis of this study, it was found that the number of villages with an aging of more than 50% increased by 2 to 3 times over 10 years. As a result of the analysis of the local extinction index, in 2010, the southwestern and central regions of South Chungcheongnam-do were high-risk extinction areas, but in 2020, all cities except Cheonan and Asan were converted to high risk extinction areas. Research has shown that Chungnam is facing a serious aging and village extinction crisis, and since the disappearance of villages gradually spreads, an initial response policy is needed. This result will be the same not only in Chungcheongnam-do but also in other rural villages. Therefore, in the case of rural villages, it is necessary to analyze and diagnose the Haengjeong-ri village unit, not the Eup-Myeon unit, and a response policy through diagnosis must be prepared urgently.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.1981-1987
• /
• 2014

Objective: To establish the prevalence and distribution profile of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) over a 22-yr period in North China. Methods: Using endoscopy for primary diagnosis and histological analysis for the further confirmation, a total of 74,854 ESCC patients aged 20-89 between January 1985 and December 2006 were investigated to analyze the epidemiological profile including prevalence rates, distribution of age-of-onset, gender and geographical area of ESCC in Luoyang, the highest incidence area of North China. Results: A total of 4092 cases of ESCC were finally diagnosed among 74,854 patients who had their first endoscopies. The prevalence among males was higher than that among females (p<0.01), resulting in an overall male:female OR of 1.2 (95%CI, 1.2-1.3). The prevalence in rural areas was higher than in urban areas (p<0.01), resulting in an overall rural:urban OR of 2.6 (95%CI, 2.4-2.9). The rural:urban ORs and the 95% CI increased continuously from 2.6, 2.3-3.0 to 2.7, 2.2-3.3, respectively, for 4 consecutive periods during the 22-yr study period. Moreover, the median age of onset among females was higher than that among males (p<0.01). For both sexes and in both areas, the prevalence rates declined and the median age of onset rose for 4 consecutive periods in the 22-yrs time frame (p<0.01). Conculsions: These data reveal the epidemiological profile of ESCC in the area of North China, and suggest that urban areas and rural people account for a growing proportion of the ESCC patients although the prevalence of ESCC significantly declined and the median age-of-onset postponed over the 22-yrs period. Moreover, the prevalence status of ESCC in rural areas also underlines the need for public health initiatives aimed at reducing risk factors of this fatal disease.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.148-173
• /
• 2000

This thesis is a kind of case report on the managerial difficulties and strategies to overcome them for the rural hospitals in Korea. We examined environmental situations and SWOT(Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) of the hospitals, and suggested some strategies to improve the hospital business through analysing secondary data and brief survey to staffs and patients at 3 case hospitals. Among the strategies were included establishment of their identity as community hospitals, positioning towards high-touch services rather than high-tech services to improve their competence. For this positioning, patient satisfaction should be emphasized to make rapport with the residents in the community, and a few service areas should be selected and strengthened. Emergency care and geriatric health services are recommended to be covered strongly, because rural hospitals are usually the one and only hospital in the region and rural communities have aged population structure. In addition to these, networking is necessary among rural hospitals nationwide and with local clinics and tertiary hospitals near urban areas. And also, complementary role division with community health post should be developed to lessen the competitive relationship between public and private sectors. To support these strategies, fresh organizational culture should be built up to make hospital staff creative and enthusiastic on their job. Finally, inducement of governmental assistance will be necessary to make the environment advantageous to the rural hospitals.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.31-34
• /
• 2015

While mammography has been used for diagnosis of breast cancer in Kazakhstan for a long period, published data are very limited. Recently stress has been placed on increasing the accuracy by double reading of mammograms. Here we provide an overview of breast cancer screening in the different regions of Kazakhstan with data on the stages of cancers detected. A total 459,816 women aged 50, 52, 54, 56, 58 and 60 years were screened in 2012 and 379,903 in the first 9 months of 2013. Clear differences in levels of detection were noted between urban and rural residents, the latter demonstrating lower rates for both screening and cancer detection. Women aged 50 were more likely to undergo screening than their counterparts aged 60. While there were no clear relationships evident between screening rates and stage or numbers of breast cancers observed, this might be due to a number of complicating factors like geographical variation in risk factors as well as ethnicity. Future analyses should focus on the efficacy of mammography in Kazakhstan to reduce mortality.

• 벤처창업연구
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.151-163
• /
• 2019

최근 귀농 귀촌 인구가 증가하면서 농촌원주민과 귀농 귀촌인 간 갈등문제가 농촌문제뿐만 아니라 사회전반에 걸쳐 미치는 후유증이 매우 크게 나타나고 있다. 성공적인 농촌정착을 위해서는 이러한 갈등해결이 무엇보다 중요하다. 하지만 지금까지의 선행연구를 살펴보면 심도 깊은 연구가 부족하고, 농촌원주민보다는 귀농 귀촌인에 초점을 둔 연구가 많은 것이 사실이다. 이에 본 연구는 농촌에서 일어나고 있는 갈등요인을 두 주체 간 입장에서 도출하고, 갈등요인에 따른 해결차이를 알아보기 위해 게임이론을 적용하여 갈등해결 전략차이에 초점을 두고 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 이론적 근거를 정립하기 위해 기존 선행연구에서의 내용을 토대로 갈등요인을 도출하고, 갈등요인에 따른 해결전략차이를 알아보기 위해 Axelrod(2009)가 개최한 '컴퓨터 죄수의 딜레마 대회'에서 사용되었던 대응전략 중에서 5가지 전략을 선택해 농촌원주민과 귀농 귀촌인은 어떤 전략을 선택하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 경남지역 12곳을 지정하여 직접 기입방식으로 설문지를 통해 결과를 분석하고, 분석에 따른 갈등해결 대응전략을 도출하였다. 모든 분석은 SPSS 22.0 for Windows를 이용하였으며, 이에 대한 각 갈등해결 분석결과를 살펴보면, 원주민 갈등유발은 낮았다. 또한 각 갈등원인 중에서 '도시문화에 대한 이해가 부족한 원주민'에 대한 갈등유발요인이 가장 높은 수준이었다. 귀농귀촌인 갈등유발원인은 원주민 갈등유발원인보다 갈등 수준이 높았다. 각 내용 중에서는 '마을 행사에 참여하지 않는 태도'가 가장 강한 갈등원인이었다. 원주민 갈등유발원인에 대해서는 갈등해결전략 중 올씨(All C, 웬만하면 협조한다)전략을 가장 많이 사용했고, 귀농귀촌인 갈등유발원인에 대해서는 전체적인 경향에서 다우닝(Downing, 처음에는 협조하지 않고 상대방이 협조하면 협조하고 협조하지 않으면 협조하지 않는다)전략을 가장 많이 사용했으며, 그 다음으로 팃포탯(tit for tat, 먼저 협조하고, 상대방이 협조하면 협조하고 협조하지 않으면 협조하지 않는다)전략, 올씨(all c)전략 등의 순으로 사용하였다. 그러나 각 내용별로 살펴보면 동일한 유형의 전략을 이용하는 경우는 드물고 원인에 따라 전략이 변화함을 알 수 있다. 이상의 결과에서 보는 바와 같이 원주민의 갈등유발원인에 대한 갈등해결전략은 거의 유사한 방법으로 전략을 수행하는 반면, 귀농 귀촌인의 갈등유발원인은 그 원인의 성격에 따라 갈등해결전략을 달리 사용하는 것을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 농촌에서 발생하고 있는 갈등요인을 농촌원주민과 귀농귀촌인 두 주체 간 모두의 입장에서 요인을 도출 하고 이에 따라 갈등이 발생할 경우 어떠한 방법으로 갈등을 풀어 가는지 해결방법 차이에 대한 연구로서 의의가 있다. 특히 선행연구고찰과 실질적으로 현장에서 발생하고 있는 갈등요인 도출을 통해 게임이론에 근거하여 해결전략차이에 대한 선택을 알아보았다는 점에 의의가 있다. 성공적인 농촌정착은 이해 관계자 간 힘겨루기가 아니라 신사적으로 상대방에게 협력을 이끌어 내어 상호협력을 통해서 가능하다. 다양한 갈등 상황에서 상호협력이 배반보다 이익이 더 많다. 원활한 관계를 유지하고 소통하는 비결은 상대방을 자기의 이기심을 채우기 위해 이용하거나 이익을 위해 배척하는 하는 것이 아니라 상대방에게서 함께 할 수 있도록 협력을 이끌어내는 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.52-65
• /
• 1986

This study deals with the conditions of nutritional intake of the urban elderly (age sixty years and older). This study analysis is based on factors that are influenced on the prevalent conditions of dietary-intake of the urban elderly either it be for better ment of health or desire. The method of this research was based on the interview-survey with questinaire in the Seoul area. In comparison to the surveys taken of the rural society and the urban slum elderly the urban elderly standard nutritional requirements was higher. Of the standard nutritional requrieemtns the twomen's nutrition intake was higher than of the men. But still the problem of malnutrition existed in the urban elderly both men and women at the probability nutritional deficienty rate higher than 30%. The food intake frequency factors which might influence the condition of nutritional intake was significant more than condition of eating. Another important factors of the conditions of nutritioal intake of the urban elderly are one's self-consciousness of health and degree of one's will change . In healthy case of the aged, their will was almost maintained and hand -grip strength was high when they had regular meal with their family . For elderl with the lower academic career and the one with more satisfactory to his meal, their wills didn't change before or after retirement. The objectiveness of this survey is to convince the elderly that the problems of nutritional deficiency can only be solved by reeducation and to improve their nutritional diet to have the enjoyments of a healtheir elderly life.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2022

The goal of this study is to promote the spread of environmentally friendly agricultural products, which have been receiving a lot of attention lately, as a way to improve food safety and quality. As a result of the increased labor input, increased production costs, and an aging population, environmentally friendly agriculture is making it more difficult for farmers to expand their enterprises. In the meantime, consumers find it difficult to spread eco-friendly agricultural products due to their high expectations for safety and quality, as well as the desire to purchase products at a reasonable price. Previous studies have revealed differences in perceptions between eco-friendly agricultural producers and consumers. In light of this, this study divided consumers based on their characteristics (such as age, purchase history, health concerns, etc.), and different policies were proposed in order to increase purchasing factors for each group based on their characteristics. In order to gather information for this study, general citizens were asked about their perceptions of eco-friendly agricultural products, future purchase intentions and awareness, reliability, necessity, purpose, and information sources. A two-step clustering analysis was conducted using nominal and continuous variables simultaneously. The paper presents the three derived group differences (senior organic interest group, middle-aged organic interest group, and indifferent young organics) as well as group differences for the purchasing/non-purchasing factor analysis and policy improvement for each group. An eco-friendly agricultural product distribution proposal was made at the end of this article.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.51-61
• /
• 2010

The purpose of the current study was to select vulnerable regions with insufficient child care services based on an in-depth investigation of diverse regional characteristics and to establish a practical goal for the expansion of public child care centers through identifying priority regions in foremost need of public child care centers out of the vulnerable regions. The vulnerable regions were selected from both urban and rural areas with particular criterions to determine their critical situation. First of all, the number of children aged zero to five, private and public child care centers, and capacity and enrolment of the regional child care center were selected from towns (Eup) and townships (Myeon) within rural areas and neighborhoods (Dong) within urban areas to calculate the capacity fulfillment. Specifically, a dense population of low-income families inhabited within urban areas defined the region's vulnerable status for the analysis, whereas poor accessibility of a child care center within rural areas correspond to the lack of child care services. The analytical result displayed that a total of 456 towns and townships did not acquire child care centers. Out of 456 towns and townships, 162 were selected as priority regions. On the other hand, 546 neighborhoods corresponding to upper 30 percentiles of urban area where children receive basic subsidy for low income families were selected as vulnerable regions. Out of 546 neighborhoods, 243 were selected as priority regions according to the analytical result.