• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.638-651
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• 2022

Last year, a new perception of the right to peace on the Korean Peninsula was adopted: DMZ Yanggu Peace Declaration 2021. The Declaration reflects that there is a raising of necessity for a new perception and approach from the perspective of DMZ-related laws, sustainable ecological environment and security. Gangwon is making considerable efforts to make the border area in DMZ as an area of peace by continuously enhancing publicity on the establishment of the 'Peace Special Self-Governing Province'. This study suggests the necessity of a paradigm shift towards the significance of the interkorean border region that it should function as a passage between the South and the North rather than a dam. For, to be renewed as a sustainably developing region through newly constructed flow of communication, the wall of hostility must preliminarily fall dawn. Then a question arises about how Gangwon is, out of other border region, most eligible for the reconsideration of its significance as a border area. The answer relies on the newly established agenda and understandings towards the right to peace in the perspective of founding the policy for the Unification of the Korean Peninsula. Furthermore, the conservation of DMZ ecological environment through enlistment of UNESCO Biosphere Reserve should go hand in hand with the ultimate value of global agenda of the conservation and protection of the environment. The study insists that the peace zone is a prerequisite for the adaption of the era of future-oriented glocalization featured by the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Up to this date, the border area was an area of pain and agony. It is time for Gangwon to be reborn as an area of peace and coexistence. The aim of this study is to point a direction for Gangwon to become a sustainably developing region by illuminating the value of the Gangwon border area as a new area of peace.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.40
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• pp.1-38
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• 2022

The aim of this research is to discover the value of peace conveyed by Haewon Sangsaeng, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence, as espoused by Holy Teacher Kang Jeungsan (姜甑山, 1871~1909) and to evaluate its modern significance. To the faithful, Jeungsan is seen as the Supreme God who descended into the world in the Late Joseon Dynasty in the year 1871. Until the time of His passing away into Heaven in 1909, He vastly saved the world and fulfilled the hopes of humankind by carrying out the fundamentally innovative Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth (1901~1909) in the Three Realms of Heaven, Earth, and Humanity. He has thereby been appraised as a great religious figure within religious and academic circles. Jeungsan's ideological contributions can be summarized into two main points. One is the concept of 'the Great Opening and the Later World,' which foreshadowed the liquidation of the old system of order and the arrival of a new world. The other contribution is the concept of 'the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence,' a fundamental principle meant to achieve human salvation and world peace. In this context, 'the Great Opening' is precisely a 'positivistic religious expression of peace,' and 'the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence' is the principle by which 'peace can be achieved in the world for all humankind.' In particular, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is a tenet within the doctrine of Daesoon Jinrihoe, and it is the main concept that forms the basis of Daesoon Thought. It can be said to be the core current that flows through Jeungsan's Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth. Nowadays, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is being discussed and cited in various ways in academic fields as well as in discourse on coexistence, mutual beneficence, and peace. The Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is specifically based on observations of the structure of conflicts as observed throughout world history via global conflicts, regional conflicts, cultural conflicts, ideological conflicts, class conflicts, generational conflicts, racial conflicts, religious conflicts, and other such conflicts. That is why the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is discussed in depth within academic settings wherein the nature of conflict-resolution is examined. Looking at the previous studies on this topic, those studies tended to focus on key concepts or concerns such as human beings, divine beings, the earthly paradise of the Later World, ideal societies, world peace, new principles of order, and lasting peace. In particular, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence has been presented as directly related to concepts such as love, coexistence, harmony, and peace for humankind and the world. Its significance has been applied to ethics, philosophy, order, and principles, and it has been understood as conveying values such as peace. Accordingly, this paper examines the ideological connections to the succession and establishment of Jeungsan's notion of the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence based on previous research, but further examines the value of peace communicated via the principles and ideas that pervade current discourse on the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence. I hope to thoroughly explore Haewon Sangsaeng in regards to its modern significance to the world and to humankind.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4273-4278
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• 2013

Objective: We aimed to define clinicopathologic risk factors associated with regional recurrence (RR) and thus the effectiveness of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for neck control for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) with differing cervical lymph node status. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 196 HNSCC patients with pathologically positive neck node (N+) to evaluate the high-risk factors for RR and to define the role of PORT in control after neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). Results: Overall, the RR rate after neck dissection and PORT was 29%. Extracapsular spread (ECS) was confirmed to be the only independent risk factor for RR. There were no significant risk factors associated with RR in the ECS- group. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 45%, which descended to 10% with the emergence of RR. Conclusions: ECS remains a determined risk factor for RR after neck dissection and PORT in patients with N+. PORT alone is not adequate for preventing RR in the neck with ECS after neck dissection. More intensive postoperative adjuvant therapies, especially combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are needed to prevent regional failure in HNSCC patients with ECS.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.321-328
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• 2016

This study seeks the applicable value for contemporary multiculturalism based on the women (Hagar, Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, A great woman who lives in Shunem, A nameless servant girl) of the Old Testament who experienced migration. The article critiques uses of scripture that emphasize the roles of the women in the household. It provides a new interpretation through the perspective of feminist criticism, narrative criticism, and reader-response criticism. The article introduces the examples of six migrant women who created peace with people around them through their positive roles despite the fact that women had limited function under patriarchal society at that time. It suggests, while recognizing the difference regarding race, gender, and class between migrants and non-migrants, women and men, that they should not be used as the tools of discrimination. Furthermore, through these women from the Bible, the reader may find role models of independent women who are working for peace and social justice.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

The vast majority of people value humanity's ability to live in peace and stability. However, there are disparities between the concept of peace and what people experience daily within their community. As a result, before any society can begin to address the difficulties at hand, it must first have a thorough awareness of the socio-cultural-historical identities, ways of life, and value systems that have produced them. When a social community's culture, traditions, and ideals are ignored, members of the society become distrustful of one another. As this mistrust grows, various unfavorable societal occurrences can result. In this study, we will provide a model that has been successful in harmonizing these challenging issues in Gwangju Goryeoin Village in South Korea.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.617-625
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• 2001

Peace dam constructed against the water attack had stopped in the first step, linked with Hwacheon dam through bypass tunnels and had an effect of flood surcharging in its pocket on Hwacheon dam downstream. To study the utility of Peace dam, the flood control effects of Peace dam and the restricted water level (RWL) in Hwacheon dam were reviewed and identified with operating Hwacheon dam system. Analysing the results the ideas of expanding the usability of the water resources in Hwacheon dam system were suggested. To do that, the criteria and the model of reservoir operation were established frist and the optimization of the operation have done. Based on the results the performance of the optimization was evaluated as an reference coefficient with relative value of the registered data to the optimized. And examining several alternatives for the RWL in Hwacheon reservoir operation made more feasible RWL suggested. And its economic benefit was also reckoned.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.41
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• pp.249-273
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• 2010

Both An, Joonggeun and Park, Youngcheol lived in similar innovative time period from the enlightenment times through the Japanese colonial era. Even though they had the same resolution to pour their energy on national sovereignty and oriental peace, their opinions and activities were contrary. While An aimed the gun at the heart of Japanese imperialism with the belief that Japanses empire hindered Korea's independence and the Oriental Peace, Park willingly joined the heart of the imperialism with the belief that Japan could enhance Korean civilization and the Oriental peace. They had commonly developed their visions about oriental peace on the basis of the theory of social evolution focusing on the survival of the fittest and the weak-to-the-wall kind of society that had been prevalent since 19th century. Furthermore, their logics were based on racism combined with the social evolution theory. Although the two men lived in the same era, their spirit of the times were quite different. An considered that the Japanese extortion of Korean sovereignty caused the corruption of peace of the East. On the other hand, Park believed that peaceful age came by way of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity constructed by the union of Korea and Japan. Especially Park put higher value on Japanese modern civilization than Korean sovereignty and also insisted Korea should take Japanese case as its model.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.200-216
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• 2020

Many studies conducted in Kenya regarding water resource governance have focused on the mandate of Water Resource Users Associations (WRUAs) with less attention being accorded to their effectiveness in conservation of wetlands. This study assessed the effectiveness of WRUA committees, and challenges faced in conservation of Rwamuthambi Sub-catchment. The study employed exploratory descriptive research design. Data was collected through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, observations and review of secondary data. Chi square and descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. The survey results revealed that only 15% of WRUA committee understood water resources management while 35% were aware of relevant legislations. Factors of wetland degradation showed significant association with existence of WRUA (χ2 (4, N=180) = 20.46, p< .01) where (χ2- chi square (degrees of freedom, N = sample size) = chi-square statistic value, p = p value), although WRUA contributions were perceived differently per agro-ecological zone (χ2 (8, N=147) = 15.51, p>.05). Challenges unearthed were inadequate financial and human resources, lack of understanding, ineffective collaborative governance, poor support from county government and private ownership of riparian land reserve. There is need for WRUAs to embrace collaborative governance for effective conservation of wetlands. Integration of sub catchment management plan with county land use plans and policy review is also required.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.223-233
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• 2011

The Korean government has acknowledged the importance of Dokdo Island and has consequently taken various measures for the effective management of it. There has, however, been little quantitative information about the value of Dokdo Island and this study, therefore, attempts to assess the Islands non-market value. To this end, this study estimated the non-market value by MAUT/CVM. The non-market value estimated by MAUT/CVM includes historic value, military value, ecological value, and geological value. According to the results, the values calculated by the price in market is about 10.37 trillion won and the values estimated by MAUT/CVM is about 1.72 trillion won annually.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.45-62
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• 2022

Purpose - Using unexpected changes in geopolitical tensions on the Korean peninsula as a quasi-natural experimental setting, we examine whether and how geopolitical risks travel across borders through firm-level imports and exports linkages. We also test whether the effects are driven by either imports or exports and assess whether firms can effectively hedge themselves against geopolitical risks. Design/methodology - We focus on a series of unanticipated geopolitical events taken place in Korea in 2018. Making use of the shocks to geopolitical climate, we identify five milestone events toward peace talks. We employ the event studies methodology. We examine heterogenous firm-level stock price reactions around key event dates depending on firms' exposure to geopolitical risks. As a measure of firms' exposure to geopolitical risks in Korea, we utilize a text-based measure of firm-level trade links. When a firm announces and discusses its purchase of inputs from Korea or sales of outputs to Korea in their annual disclosure filings, we define a firm to have a trade relationship with Korea and have exposure to Korean geopolitical risks. Similarly, we use a measure of a firm's hedging policies based on a firm's textual mention of the use of foreign exchange derivatives in their annual disclosure. Findings - We find that U.S. firms that have direct trade links to Korea gained significantly more value when the intensity of geopolitical risks drops compared to firms without such trade links to Korea. The effects are pronounced for firms purchasing inputs from or selling outputs to Korea. We find that the effectiveness of foreign exchange hedging against geopolitical risks is limited. Originality/value - We document the international transmission of geopolitical uncertainty through trade linkages. Export links as well as import links serve as important nexus of transmission of geopolitical risks across borders. Hedging strategies involving foreign-exchanges derivatives do not seem to insulate firms again geopolitical risks. With the recent movements of localization and reshuffling of the global value chain, our results suggest a significant impact of geopolitical risks in Korea on the construction of the global value chain.