• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.64-67
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• 1984

The genus Salix is nowadays becoming increasingly important for both biomass energy production and the expanding paper industry. The enlarging plantations will however create some potential as well as problem. The great potential of genetical improvement as well as the prevention of pollen allergies requires knowledge about e.g, the pollen morphology of the most used Salix species. This study investigated the pollen morphology of Salix viminalis L. both on light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.26-36
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• 1994

The comparative wood anatomy of 1 species belonging to genus Myrica of Myricaceae, 9 species to genus Populus and 8 species to genus Salix of Salcaceae, occurring in Korea, was described and coded according to IAWA list(Wheeler, 1989). Myrica rubra. of Myricaceae is a typical diffuse-porous wood with numerous vessels per $mm^2$ and its pores are mainly angular in outline. Vessels scalariform perforation plates with a few bars, very small inter vessel pits; axial parenchyma abundant, diffuse or diffuse-in-aggregates which is distinct and easily observed on cross section; rays 1-3 seriate, Kribs' heterogeneous I or II types, frequently contains rhomboidal crystals; Dark pigmented substances included in some rays and axial parenchyma. Salicaceae, a typical diffuse porous wood, has mainly radial pore multiple, large intervessel pits, distinct alternate pits, simple perforation plates, ray-vessel pits with circular large pits, uniseriate rays, marginal parenchyma composed of 1-2 layers. In some species, ray parenchyma contain crystals. Populus and Salix wood can be distinguished from one another by the following characters. Pores of Populus woods almost angular in outline. Uniseriate homogeneous rays slightly higher than Salix and long linear on tangential section. Whereas Salix woods appear the pores almost oval, uniseriate heterogeneous rays, which are smular narrow fusiform on tangential section and lower in height than Populus.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.335-341
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• 2018

This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of willow plants (the genus Salix) as a cosmetic material. DPPH radical scavenging abilities of 70% ethanol extracts of S. gracilistyla, S. pseudolasiogyne, and S. koriyanagi were significantly increased compared to control. In addition, the treatment of three species of willow plant extracts significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells, indicating that they had anti-inflammatory activity, and all of them had collagenase inhibitory activity. Among them, the extracts of S. gracilistyla extracts exhibited the highest collagenase inhibitory activity. As a result of analyzing the collagenase inhibitory activity against the solvent fraction of S. gracilistyla extracts, water and butanol fractions showed the highest collagenase inhibitory activity. These results suggested that S. gracilistyla among the willow plants had high collagenase inhibitory activity, and thus it can be utilized for cosmetics as an effective functional cosmetic material in the future.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 1995

From Salix maximowiczii of the Korean Salix, morphological and palynological characters were investigated by stereoscopic, light, and scanning electron microscopes. Also, this study was eonducted to investigate the effect of meteorological factors on the disjunct distribution in Salix maximowiczii forests grown within the restricted region. 1. Morphological characters of S. maximowiczii clarified with the descriptions and figures. 2. The palynological description was made to the S. maximowiczii and identified distinctly species. 3. S. maximowiczii is distributed only in Baekdam and Hangyeryong valley of Mt. Sorak in Kangwon-do, and valley of height region in Kyeongseong-gun (Hamgyongbuk-do), Sinhueng-gun, and Pungsan-gun (Hamgyongnam-do) in North Korea. 4. Water factors was better than temperature factors in the influence of meteorological factors for disjunct distribution. 5. These ecological and taxonomical informations could be used in practical application for silvicultural prescription, such as erosion control forest, timber production, and development of green area in river bank.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 2014

This study was performed to monitor the effects of water level change on changes of landscape, vegetation community, and species diversity of riparian forest. Hantan river dam, study area, has been constructed in the area of Chansoo-myeon, Pocheon-si and Yeoncheon-eup, Yeoncheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do, which is a dam for flood control only in flooding season. Landscape changes were notable after the construction of coffer dam, and the changes were caused by water level increase in areas of riparian forests which consisted of mainly withered willow as a dominant species in the flooding season. It changed vegetation communities of riparian forest from Phragmites japonica and Salix koreensis to Phragmites japonica. Species diversity index was lowest in 2010 when the coffer dam was constructed and showed an increasing trend later. Thus, this study is well in agreement with a previous report that plants of the genus Salix wither by muddy water during flooding and also suggests, controlling water level of river and prediction of water level change's effects should be considered when any facilities are planned.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 1983

Taxonomic distribution of ecto- and endomycorrhizae among woody species growing in Korea was studied and their distribution was compared with foreign literature, Most of root samples were collected from Central Branch Station of forest Research Institute in Gwangneung, Gyonggido. A total of 32 families, 63 genera, 102 species were examined. Ectomycorrhizae were observed in the following 13 general of Pinaceae (Pinus Larix, Picea, Abies), Salicaceae (Populus, salix), Betulace (Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Corpylus), Fagaceae(Quercus, Casianea), and Tiliaceae (Tilia), Endomycorrhizae (vesicular-arbuscular) were observed in Populus and the rest of the 49 genera. Rhus was the only genus which did not have either ecto- or endomycorrhizae, while foreign literature listed following genera having both mycorrhizal types: Juniperus, Cupressus, Populus, Salix, Juglans, Alnus, Ulmus, Malus, Pyrus, and Tilia. Juniperus, Ulmus, Pyrus, and Acer which were reported to have facultative ectomycorrhizae were free of ectomycorrhizae, Some morphological characteristics of endomycorrhizae are shown in photogrphs and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.61-80
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• 2012

This study is to offer the basic data for restoration and conservation of wetland ecosystem by surveying and analysing the flora distributed in the Binae marsh, Namhan River, Chungju-si. The flora in the Binae marsh were verified 204 taxa including 48 families, 152 genera, 179 species, 23 varieties and 2 forms. In flora, pteridophyta were 2 taxa including 1 family, 1 genus and 2 species, among angiospermae, dicotyledonae were 153 taxa including 37 families, 110 genera, 138 species, 13 varieties and 2 forms and monocotyledonae were 49 taxa including 10 families, 41 genera, 39 species and 10 varieties. In the result of classifying the life form of flora, megaphanerophytes (M), nanophanerophytes (N) and chamaiphytes (Ch) were each 9 taxa (4.4%), 37 taxa (18.1%) of hemicryptophytes (H), 19 taxa (9.3%) of geophytes (G), 97 taxa (47.6%) of therophytes (Th) and 24 taxa (11.8%) of hydrophytes (HH). The rare plant designated by Korea Forest Service was 1 taxa (Aristolochia contorta), and the endemic plant was 1 taxa (Salix koriyanagi) too. The specific plants by floristic region were 6 taxa. From among these, the species of degree I were 5 taxa including Salix chaenomeloides, Aristolochia contorta, Artemisia selengensis, Cirsium pendulum and Vallisneria natans, and degree III was 1 taxa including Alisma orientale. The naturalized plants were 45 taxa and the invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida. The naturalized index (NI) was about 22.1%, 16.1% of urbanized index (UI) and 27.3% of disturbed index (DI). The extinct species by construction were 17 taxa including Persicaria sagittata, Typha orientalis, Zizania latifolia and so forth. The new-occured species were 14 taxa including Brassica juncea, Thlaspi arvense, Carduus crispus and so forth. The important species among the extinct species were Aristolochia contorta, Alisma orientale and Vallisneria natans.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.345-358
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• 2003

The vascular plant species in the areas of Gonamsan and Shiribong in the Baekdudaegan were summarized as 295 texa: 89 families, 193 genus, 245 species, 44 varieties and 6 forms.10 taxa were recorded in the surveyed areas as the Korean endemic plants: Hosta capitat (Liliacease), Polygonatum lasianthum var. corenum (Liliaceae), Chloranthus japonicus (Cloranthaceae), Salix hulteni (Salicaoeae), Clematis richotoma (Ranunculaceae), Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora (Rosaceae), Vicia unijuga (Fabaceae), Viola albida (Violaceae), cornus walter(Cornaceae), Weigela subsessilis (Caprifoliaceae).According to the list of Korean rare and endangered plants complied in the studied areas:Iris ensata var. spoyanea(Iridaceae), Viola albida (Vioaceae) and Aristolochia contorta (aristolochiaceae) Due to the rapid destruction and increase of visitors and the studied areas are located close to the villages, the naturalized plant species in the areas were more frequently appeared than the rare and endangered plant species.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.78-90
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• 2015

Short rotation woody crops belonging to the genera Populus L., Salix L., Pinus L., and Eucalyptus L'Her. have provided broad economic and ecological benefits throughout the world, including afforestation and reforestation along urban to rural gradients. Within the genus Populus, cottonwoods, poplars, aspens, and their hybrids (hereafter referred to as poplars) have been shown to exhibit favorable genotype ${\times}$ environment interactions, especially in the face of changing climates. Similar growth responses have been reported for Pinus, especially with white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in the North Central United States. This has led to current research priorities focused on ecosystem services for both genera. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) defines cultural, supporting, provisioning, and regulating ecosystem services. The overarching objective of this paper was to synthesize information about the potential of poplars to provide multiple ecosystem services when grown at sites with varying soil and climate conditions across landscape gradients from urban to rural areas. Specific objectives included: 1) providing background of the United States Forest Service and its Research and Development branch, 2) integrating knowledge of current poplar breeding and development with biomass provisioning and carbon regulating ecosystem services as they relate to changing climates in the North Central United States, and 3) providing a case study illustrating this integration through comparisons of poplar with white pine. Our results were evaluated in the context of climate change mitigation, with specific focus on selection of favorable genotypes for sequestering atmospheric carbon and reducing fossil fuel carbon emissions.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2021

This study aims to classify the plant communities of the Gudam wetland, a riparian wetland in Nakdong River basin, and to identify the characteristics of the communities according to the veritical structure to prepare management plan. In the Gudam wetland, a total of 19 plant communities were found through physiognomical vegetation, and were analyzed by dividing into tree dominant community, shrub dominant community, and herbaceous dominant community according to the vertical structure. When examining the results of the community characteristics analysis, the species diversity index was the highest in the tree dominant communities but there was concern about a decrease in species diversity due to the influx of exotic plants such as Sicyos angulatus. The shrub dominant community tended to have a biased species diversity index on shrub plants. The herbaceous dominant communities ware divided into wetland herbaceous communities and dryland herbaceous communities according to the species diversity index, and measures were needed to reduce the species diversity index due to artificial disturbances. The importance value was the highest in the arboreal Salix genus in the tree dominant communities, and the exotic plants such as Amorpha fruticosa were the highest in the shrub dominant communities. In the herbaceous dominant communities, wetland herbaceous plants such as Phragmites japonicus were high. As a result of the analysis according to ordination the tree dominant communities and shrub dominant communities were differentiated by exotic plant factors, and the herbaceous dominant communities were differentiated by hierarchy number and slope.