• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4631-4637
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• 2012

Introduction: Tobacco use is a leading cause of deaths and disabilities in India, killing about 1.2 lakh people in 2010. About 29% of adults use tobacco on a daily basis and an additional 5% use it occasionally. In Odisha, non-smoking forms are more prevalent than smoking forms. The habit has very high opportunity cost as it reduces the capacity to seek better nutrition, medical care and education. In line with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) is a powerful Indian national law on tobacco control. The Government of Odisha has shown its commitment towards enforcement and compliance of COTPA provisions. In order to gauge the perceptions and practices related to tobacco control efforts and level of enforcement of COTPA in the State, this cross-sectional study was carried out in seven selected districts. Materials and methods: A semi-structured interview schedule was developed, translated into Odiya and field-tested for data collection. It mainly contained questions related to knowledge on provisions of section 4-7 of COTPA 2003, perception about smoking, chewing tobacco and practices with respect to compliance of selected provisions of the Act. 1414 samples were interviewed. Results: The highest percentage of respondents was from the government departments. 73% of the illiterates consumed tobacco as compared to 34% post graduates. 52.1% of the respondents were aware of Indian tobacco control laws, while 80.8% had knowledge about the provision of the law prohibiting smoking in public places. However, 36.6% of the respondents reported that they had 'very often' seen tobacco products being sold 'to a minor', while 31.2% had seen tobacco products being sold 'by a minor'. In addition, 24.8% had 'very often' seen tobacco products being sold within a radius of 100 yards of educational institutions.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2021

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate the installation rates and status of indoor smoking rooms in public facilities and to determine the level of compliance level with smoke-free policies in accordance with the National Health Promotion Act. Methods: A visiting survey was conducted on 1,206 public facilities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province area. Researchers selected public facilities such as bars, coffee houses, and internet cafes using convenient sampling. They visited without prior notice, checked the existence of indoor smoking rooms, and recorded their status. Results: Internet cafes (110/116) had the highest installation rate of indoor smoking rooms, followed by bowling clubs (17/19) and billiard rooms (87/100). Depending on the type of business, 50-88% of smoking rooms were not completely enclosed. Coin karaoke rooms showed the least inadequacy in this regard. In addition, out of 512 smoking rooms, in 33% (n = 169) smoking indoors was observed in non-smoking areas. Only 9% of public facilities were in full compliance with the indoor smoke-free regulation. Conclusions: It was found that most of the public facilities with indoor smoking rooms did not comply with the smoke-free policy, and smoking was still observed inside some facilities. Therefore, there is a need for a policy that prohibits indoor smoking rooms completely.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.187-203
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• 1999

This paper will discuss about how we can foster educational support mechanisms to facilitate health promotion programs at the local level. Health promotion in Korea is in the early developmental stage; it has only been since the Health Promotion Act was legislated in 1995, the health promotion programs have been planned and implemented. In the context of the recent decentralization process, local health departments have a major responsibility for developing and implementing health promotion programs at the local level. The short history of health promotion in Korea has meant that local public health departments have limited experience and organizational capacity for health promotion planning ＆ practice. The results of one survey for investigating the progress of health promotion at the local level are instructive. The survey demonstrated that the public health workers recognized that the lack of personnels, insufficient budget, the lack of policy ＆ the organizational support, the lack of skill ＆ knowledge to be effective health promotors, the lack of guidance for health promotion practice were major barriers to implementing health promotion programs at the local level. The object of this paper is to suggest some ways of overcoming barriers to implementing health promotion programs at the local level This paper emphasizes on the importance of educational supports as well as environmental supports - legislative, policy, organizational, economical - in building the organizational capacity and infrastructure of local health department for health promotion. It suggests some ways of providing educational supports to the public health workers at the local level. and supports the positions that educational opportunities for training in health promotion can be better provided to the public health workers at the provincial level rather than at the national level. It argues that the educational ＆ training programs should be developed and based on the educational need assessment; that the application of the main educational principles ＆ theoretical models for health promotion be used to develop educational programs for the public health workers; and that professional health organizations should make plans to provide more educational programs at their annual conferences or at other convenient times. These kinds of educational supports facilitate the ability of public health workers to improve their capacity for health promotion practice at the local level and help to alleviate some of the pressure on state resources.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.165-183
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• 1999

This paper will discuss about how we can foster educational support mechanisms to facilitate health promotion programs at the local level. Health promotion in Korea is in the early developmental stage; it has only been since the Health Promotion Act was legislated in 1995, the health promotion programs have been planned and implemented. In the context of the recent decentralization process, local health departments have a major responsibility for developing and implementing health promotion programs at the local level. The short history of health promotion in Korea has meant that local public health departments have limited experience and organizational capacity for health promotion planning ＆ practice. The results of one survey for investigating the progress of health promotion at the local level are instructive. The survey demonstrated that the public health workers recognized that the lack of personnels, insufficient budget, the lack of policy ＆ the organizational support, the lack of skill ＆ knowledge to be effective health promotors, the lack of guidance for health promotion practice were major barriers to implementing health promotion programs at the local level. The object of this paper is to suggest some ways of overcoming barriers to implementing health promotion programs at the local level This paper emphasizes on the importance of educational supports as well as environmental supports - legislative, policy, organizational, economical - in building the organizational capacity and infrastructure of local health department for health promotion. It suggests some ways of providing educational supports to the public health workers at the local level. and supports the positions that educational opportunities for training in health promotion can be better provided to the public health workers at the provincial level rather than at the national level. It argues that the educational ＆ training programs should be developed and based on the educational need assessment; that the application of the main educational principles ＆ theoretical models for health promotion be used to develop educational programs for the public health workers; and that professional health organizations should make plans to provide more educational programs at their annual conferences or at other convenient times. These kinds of educational supports facilitate the ability of public health workers to improve their capacity for health promotion practice at the local level and help to alleviate some of the pressure on state resources.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.143-171
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• 2006

There has been 10 years since the Health Promotion Act was legislated. The government began to establish a health promotion fund on the basis of Health Promotion Act in 1995, and to manage and operate the fund from 1998. It is evaluated that health promotion program have had various outcomes in many aspects. First, there has been growing awareness of the impotance of health promotion through the establishment of Health Plan 2010 and the effort to actualize the Plan. Second, the importance of securing health equity and identifying health determinants have been recognized during the planning process of Health Plan 2010. Third, the health promotion program have mainly focused on improving healthy life style of the population. As a result, desirable health behavior change of the population could be expected from the result of 2005 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Fourth, public health centers began to play a crucial role in implementing health promotion programs, and began to build infrastructure for health promotion programs. Fifth, management efficiency of private health related organizations have been improved. Finally, training for health promotion personnel and their participation in the program could be the foundation for the higher level of outcome achievement from the health promotion programs. Important challenges for future health promotion would be identification of the determinants and risk factors of health, formulating plan of regional health promotion programs, building infrastructure for health promotion, creation of specific action model by public health center, development of health promotion program for the elderly, conducting research for evidence concerning major factors reducing the need for health care through prevention disease activities, and establishment of evaluation and feed back system for health promotion programs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

There are an increasing number of healthcare facilaties, especially branch offices, in rural areas to serve the aging population living there. However, there has been a gradual decline in the ratios of recognition, satisfaction and utilization by people who live in the regions. A significant reason of declining the ratios should be the population decline, but the most of population hierarchy shows the groups of elderly people over 60. This result appears to be limited to visit the public health centers. According to the result of population hierarchy, a branch office of public health center has been re-established as a complex welfare facility which can be fulfilled in the functions of basic medical supports and cultural supports. This research is focused on collecting the meaningful information of the status of physical facilities and utilization with 15branch offices of public health care centers in the rural regions near the city of Ik-San city. In addition, this research has a purpose of getting fundamental data for future architectural plans of the branch offices in rural regions with the results about the status of facility operation systems and users' needs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2016

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea in 2015 has drawn public attention regarding the legal regulation of infectious disease control in Korea. This paper discusses the interpretive and legislative concerns regarding the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Act, its ordinance and enforcement regulations, as well as public statements from the relevant administrative agency. Future improvements are also proposed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 2022

The Act on the Punishment of Serious Accidents to Prevent Large-scale Disasters, including Ferry Sewol and Taean Thermal Power Plant, passed the National Assembly on January 8, 2021, and has been in effect since January 27, 2022. However, the law, in which the representative of the headquarters is unlimitedly responsible for each worker's accident, is somewhat unreasonable at a time when a company owns dozens to hundreds of construction sites due to the nature of the construction industry. I agree with the purpose of enacting the law to reduce chronic serious accidents at construction sites, but it is necessary to carefully reconsider the implementation of the law in that punishment alone cannot achieve industrial safety. Previous studies focused on revising the Occupational Safety and Health Act, but there are few studies on the impact on the construction industry after the implementation of the Serious Accident Act. Therefore, this study attempts to derive problems related to the application of the Serious Accident Act and present improvement measures. To this end, after analyzing previous studies, SWOT analysis was performed by applying the Delphi method to derive strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. In addition, the results of two surveys of safety experts such as public institutions, academia, and companies were reflected, and its countermeasures were presented as follows. S/O strategy: establishing on-site execution capabilities of health and safety management system; W/O strategy: expanding legal and system execution checks; S/T strategy: establishing a risk response system; W/T strategy: expanding consulting by external specialized institutions

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 2017

In December of 2016, 'The Forest Protection Act' was amended partly in The National Assembly and the socalled 'Tree Doctor Act' was promulgated. Tree Doctor Act will be enforced from June 28, 2018. Under the new Act, none other than 'Tree Hospital' can do disease and pest management work for trees in public living space. The only exclusive qualification for tree hospital is a 'Tree Doctor', the government registered license which is newly established by the Act. To become a tree doctor, he/she must complete the tree doctor training courses in the designated 'Tree Doctor Academy' and pass the qualification test. Currently, Korea Forest Service is drafting the enforcement ordinances and regulations for the implement of Tree Doctor Act. When taking into consideration that the most fundamental and important discipline of the plant and tree health care is the plant pathology, and that the tree health care is a promising business for young plant pathology people, Korean Society of Plant Pathology is ought to be actively involved in the preparation of the enforcement ordinances and regulations, and help the early establishment of the new tree health care system in living spaces of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.141-165
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• 1999

The Customs Act provides for a general rule all goods entering Korea shall be subject to customs duties as set in the customs tariff schedules as other fees and taxes determined except those excluded by virtue of the Customs Act or intentional agreements. Importation begins from the time carrying vessel or aircraft enters Korea territorial jurisdiction with the intention to unload the same until the time the goods are released or withdrawn from the customhouse upon payment of the appropriate duties. Imported articles may be categorized into prohibited importations, dutiable importations and conditionally free importation. Some other articles are qualifiedly prohibited, meaning they can enter the country after compliance with certain conditions. If there is any conduct violating these act, criminal sanctions may be imposed for the prevention and suppression of smuggling and other frauds, and the enforcement of tariff and customs act. As a result importers who intentionally violates Korea Customs Act may be subject to criminal prosecution. Many major provisions of customs act have imposed severe sanctions for customs crimes in comparison with other crimes due to general rule of criminal law. There is a great deal of activity in Pusan area relating to smuggling of narcotics and prohibited drugs, obscene articles and weapons. On one side, criminals who seek to profit by narcotics or drug threaten public health and human environment, On other side, weapon smuggling is a significant threat to our national security. However the studies on customs crime and customs act have not been viewed. Thus this Article overviews especially the customs crime and criminal sanction focused on domestic customs act.