• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.815-824
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between obesity and periodontal diseases in adults. Methods: The subjects were 6,762 adults over 19 years old selected from the 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013). The study instruments included periodontal status of periodontal diseases, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC). Periodontal status was evaluated by community periodontal index (CPI). Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The prevalence of periodontal diseases was higher in male, older aged people, undereducated people, current smokers, and those having poor cognition for toothbrushing (p<0.001). The rate of obesity by BMI and WC was higher in male, older aged people and current smokers. The rate of obesity was lower in well-educated people and good practice of toothbrushing (p<0.001). The prevalence of periodontal diseases by BMI showed 0.565 times lower in underweight population, 1.302 times higher in overweight population, and 1.311 times higher in highly obese population than normal population. The prevalence of periodontal diseases by waist circumferences showed 1.404 times higher in obese population than the normal population (p<0.05). Conclusions: It is very important to promote periodontal disease prevention and education for obese population in Korea. The risk of periodontal diseases can be preventable by decrease of BMI and WC.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.501-510
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• 2013

This paper reviews a current view regarding the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD). Many evidences have suggested that there exist biological mechanisms by which periodontitis can lead to ACVD. Periodontal infection can lead to direct bacterial invasion into endothelial tissues through the blood stream, then the bacteria can activate the host inflammatory response followed by atheroma formation, maturation and exacerbation. Also, chronic periodontal infections may indirectly induce endothelial activation or dysfunction through a state of systemic inflammation as evidenced by elevated plasma acute proteins, IL-6 and fibrinogen as well. There is moderate evidence that periodontal treatment can reduce systemic inflammation and improvement of both clinical surrogate markers. But there is no periodontal intervention study available on primary ACVD prevention. There is consistent and strong epidemiologic evidence, including in vitro, animal and clinical studies, that periodontitis imparts increased risk for future ACVD. However, evidences from intervention trials to date are not sufficient to confirm the multi directional causality of periodontitis in ACVD etiology. Well-designed intervention trials on the impact of periodontal treatment on the prevention of ACVD outcomes are needed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.216-224
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• 2009

이 연구의 목적은 산업체 근로자들이 치주질환을 예방하고 치료하는 것을 도와주기 위해서 치주질환의 인식 및 치주건강상태를 검사하는 것이며, 다음과 같은 연구 결과를 얻었다. 1. 근로자들이 치주질환에 관한 지식을 처음으로 알게 된 경로는 치과병원에서 알게 된 근로자가 36.3%로 가장 많았으며, 근로자들의 치석제거 주기에 관해서는 연령이 적을수록 치석제거를 6개월에 한 번해야 한다고 인식하고 있었다. 반면 연령이 높을수록 1년에 한 번 정도 해야 한다고 인식하고 있었으며, 연령에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 2. 근로자들이 가지고 있는 치주질환 상태를 살펴본 결과, 치주질환으로 이 사이에 음식물이 끼는 근로자가 26.5%로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 잇몸에서 피가 나는 경우(24.5%)와 치아가 시리고(20.6%), 잇몸이 가끔 붓는 경우(15.9%), 그리고 치아가 흔들리는(4.5%) 순으로 나타났다. 3. 치주질환의 원인에 대해 근로자들은 부적절한 잇솔질 방법이라고 인식하는 근로자가 48.8%로 가장 많았으며, 치주질환을 예방할 수 있는 최선의 방법은 올바른 잇솔질이 잇몸질환을 예방할 수 있는 최선의 방법이라고 인식하는 근로자가 66.8%로 가장 많았다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1173-1182
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the factors related to the dental caries and periodontal diseases of Korean elderly people in terms of demographic characteristics, oral health promotion behavior and systemic diseases in an effort to provide information on national policy setting and policy evaluation about the prevention of tooth loss resulting from severe oral diseases and the promotion of elderly people's oral health. Methods : The first-, second- and third-year raw data of the 4th National Health and Nutrition Survey were utilized, and the data of 3,882 elderly people who got a dental checkup were analyzed. The statistical package SPSS WIN 19.0 was employed to make a logistic regression analysis. Results : The senior citizens who did toothbrushing less frequently were more likely to have dental caries. As for periodontal diseases, the men were 1.34-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the women, and the respondents whose self-rated health state was worse were 1.40-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the others whose self-rated health state was better. The senior citizens who ever received treatment from unqualified people were 1.30-fold more likely to have peridontal diseases, and those who took neither vitamin compound nor minerals were 1.30-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases. Those who suffered from low High-density Lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) were 1.35-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the others who didn't. Conclusions : Those whose self-rated health status is worse should especially be concerned about periodontal diseases. Specifically, it's needed to pay attention to the low-income classes, and the government should take measures to provide quality welfare services for elderly people not to receive treatment from unqualified people. Besides, research efforts should be made to determine the relationship between periodontal diseases and low HDL-cholesterolemia.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.295-307
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• 2016

본 연구는 학교사회구성원들의 치주질환인식도, 지식, 신념 및 태도와 치주건강을 분석하여 구강보건교육과 계속적인 관리를 위한 방법을 연구하는 기초 자료를 마련하고자 구강보건실을 내방하는 환자들을 대상으로 치주질환에 대한 생각과 치주건강도를 조사하여 관련 영향요인을 파악하였다. 치주질환의 기술 역학적 특성의 인지도는 2.77점, 초기의 치은염 증상에 대한 지식 정도에 관한 문항의 평균은 2.97점, 치주질환 발생요인에 대한 인지도에 관한 문항의 평균은 2.90점, 치주질환의 예방 및 치료에 대한 인지도에 관한 문항의 평균은 2.95점, 치주질환에 대한 신념 및 태도에 관한 문항의 평균은 3.04로 높고 올바른 인지도, 지식도, 신념 및 태도를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 치주질환 관련 문항 중 비교적 낮은 점수의 문항은 노화에 의한 치아상실에 대한 인식과 음식물과 치주질환 예방과 발생과의 관계 인지, 칫솔질 시간과 잇몸건강과의 관계, 올바른 칫솔질 방법과 관리법 등이었다. 초기의 치은염 증상에 대한 지식 정도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 연령과 음주횟수, 치주낭 깊이, 성별이었으며, 치주질환 발생요인에 대한 인지도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별, 나이, 3분 칫솔질이, 치주질환의 예방 및 치료에 대한 인지도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 음주횟수가 유의한 영향관계에 있는 것으로 나타나 건강을 위한 생활행태 개선이 필요한 것으로 파악되었다.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2022

Background: By regulating the factors that contribute to oral diseases in a healthy way, oral health can be maintained and prevented. Methods: The general characteristics, PHP index, oral health behavior, and clinical periodontal index of each group were calculated by frequency analysis, and a cross-analysis (χ² test) was conducted to assess the homogeneity of the general characteristics, oral health behavior, and clinical periodontal index of the study subjects. An Oral bacteriological examination was performed by gargling with saliva. Results: The expert periodontal prevention group showed a decrease in the copy number of periodontal disease causative bacteria, and A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythus, andT. denticolashowed a significant difference before and after treatment (p=0.021). In the periodontal treatment group, A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythus, andT. denticolaall showed a decrease in copy number, but there was no significant difference. Conclusions: This study showed professional periodontal prevention management had some effect on periodontal bacterial reduction.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1135-1145
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of the study was to review the correlation between self-perceived oral health status and periodontal diseases in elderly Koreans, using data from the $6^{th}$ (2nd year) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014). Methods: The subjects for this study were a total of 1,454 elderly people aged 65 years or older who responded to the health questionnaires of the $6^{th}$ (2nd year) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014. Their general characteristics were analyzed using frequency analysis, while a cross-tabulation analysis (${\chi}^2-test$) was performed to understand the correlation with periodontal diseases. To clarify any effect of self-perceived oral health status on periodontal diseases, the selected variables were controlled and subsequently analyzed according to the logistic regression analysis. Results: In terms of the difference between elderly people with periodontal disease and those without periodontal disease, higher prevalence rates of periodontal diseases were found in women, those of younger age, those with lower educational and income levels, those with poorer subjective oral health status, those in the presence of chewing discomfort, those who had a toothbrushing frequency of twice per day, and/or those who had received no oral examination over the previous one year. Regarding the effect of self-perceived oral health status on periodontal diseases, 1.78-fold and 1.74-fold higher prevalence rates of periodontal diseases were shown with poorer subjective oral health status and in the presence of chewing discomfort, respectively. Conclusions: Based upon the results above, it is considered that a better understanding of self-perceived oral health status is necessary for a healthy life of the elderly. Furthermore, constant relevant studies and effective prevention programs intended to moderate the progress of or prevent periodontal diseases in the elderly in communities should be performed and implemented for the sake of better quality of life and oral health.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.25-43
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the periodontal care of dental clinic patients. The subjects in this study were 213 patients who visited four different dental clinics in the region of Geoje. After a survey was conducted, the following findings were given: 1. In regard to the prevention of periodontal diseases, 52.1 percent of the patients investigated received treatment at a dental clinic when their gums were swollen or bleeding, and the way they responded to their swollen or bleeding gums was significantly different according to age, occupation(p<.01) and academic credential(p<.001). 31.0 percent got their teeth scaled to take care of their gums, and how to take care of the gums differed significantly with age, occupation, academic background(p<.001) and monthly income(p<.01). As to yearly preventive treatment frequency for periodontal diseases, 22.5 percent received treatment to prevent any possible periodontal diseases once a year, and age, educational background(p<.01) and occupation(p<.05) made a significant difference to that. By occupation, the company employees received more preventive treatment. As many as 66.7 percent intended to receive education on the prevention of periodontal diseases if there would be any chance, and gender and age(p<.001) made a significant differences to that. 2. As for oral health care habits, 52.1 percent brushed their teeth in a mixed way, up and down and right and left, and the women did that up and down more than the men. Those who were in their 30s did toothbrushing in the mixed way the most, and gender(p<.05), age(p<.05) and academic credential(p<.001) made a significant difference to that. Concerning daily mean toothbrushing frequency, 43.7 percent did that three times a day, and the women who did that three times outnumbered the men who did. The daily mean toothbrushing frequency varied significantly with gender(p<.01). By occupation and education, the professionals and better educated patients were significantly different from the others in that regard(p<.01). As to the use of an interdental brush, 57.3 percent had ever used it, and those who were better educated, who had a larger monthly income(p<01) and who were professionals(p<.001) were significantly different from their counterparts in that aspect. As to scaling experience, as many as 68.5 percent had ever had their teeth scaled, and those who were in their 30s had done that the most. Age made a significant difference to that(p<.01), and the professionals, larger income earners and better educated patients were significantly different from their counterparts in that regard(p<.001). The findings of the study justified the necessity and importance of periodontal care, and the prevention of periodontal diseases, regular dental checkup and the development of oral health education programs were required.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between consumption of nutrition and periodontal diseases in the Korean menopausal women. Methods: The data used for analysis were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013). Subjects were 1,407 women aged over 35 years old. Data were analyzed by chi-square and t-test. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to assess the association between nutrition and periodontal diseases. Statistical significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Using multiple logistic regression analysis after adjustment of age, education level, and BMI, we found significant relationship between intake of protein (OR: 0.31, 95%CI: 0.14-0.65), carbohydrate (OR:3.31, 95%CI 1.90-5.77) and risk for periodontitis. Conclusions: dequate intake of protein and decreased intake of carbohydrate may be recommended for prevention of periodontal diseases in the menopausal women.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate self-reported symptoms of periodontal diseases. We performed a comprehensive analysis of periodontal health related factors. Methods: 581 volunteers representing a broad range of age from 20 to 65 were recruited from Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces. They participated in a self-administered survey of which the results were analyzed through the decision tree analysis using the data mining program. Results: 67% of the participants reported 'bad breath,' whereas 13.9% of participants reported 'toothache'. The decision analysis revealed that age was the most determining factor of adult periodontal health. Participants in 20s with a profound understanding of their periodontal health status exhibited a low vulnerability to periodontal diseases, whereas those lacking the awareness were more susceptible to the diseases. However, other participants in 30s and older showed a higher vulnerability to periodontal illness than those in 20s, whether or not they had suffered from chronic diseases. Conclusions: In order to effectively prevent periodontal diseases, an age-appropriate clinical approach will be necessary. For the younger age group it will be crucial to enhance the self-awareness of their current oral health status. On the other hand, those in 30s and older will need to pay a close attention to the prevention of chronic periodontal disease.