• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 1993

Free tissue transplantation is commonly performed with the brilliant achievement in microsurgery and anticoagulants and antithrombotic agents have been prescribed in the procedures. However, there is no clean-cut indication as to which agents would be more effective in every steps and final consequences. Low molecular weight heparins inhibiting coagulation in plateletrich plasma and acting on the vascular endothelium have antithrombotic and fibrinolysis action. The experiment with rat groin free flap transplantation after 6-hour ischemia and injection of the low molecular weight heparin was performed and the results between the injection and non-injection group were analysed as follows, 1. Both of the 24-hour groups, vessel patency was not proportional to color change of the groin flap. 2. On the second day after anastomois, heparin-injection group showed intact intima, patent lumen without thrombus, and mild granulomatous inflammation around the suture material and control group with doubtful patency revealed intimal loss and thrombus formation. 3. On the 5th, 7th, and 9th postoperative day, heparin group was patent in anastomosis and showed acute inflammatory cells. 4. The 7th-week period, heparin-injection group showed intact flap color, patent lumen with intact intima and persistent foreign body granuloma.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine to what extent the teacher's guides for science based on the 7th national curricula were utilized and what problems there were, in an effort to propose in which way they should be prepared and arranged to be of substantial use to teachers. For that purpose, the contents of the 7th teacher's guides for science were analyzed. Surveys and interviews were carried out to find out how many teachers used each of the areas included in them and what their needs were. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 9.0. The findings of this study were as follows: Many teachers utilize the teacher's guides in science more frequently than in other subjects, and they found them much more helpful to preparing for instructions. But many of them didn't utilize the standards of evaluation on science that were suggested in the teacher’s guides, and this is why the guides seem just to give theoretical explanation about how to assess, which was neither practical nor substantial. It's required to provide more concrete and detailed examples for each of the units. They felt a higher need for alternative experiments and substitute materials, especially in biology unit because of the different conditions of each school or each local community. In short, teacher's guides should include more diverse and ample materials in response to the teacher's needs, moreover teachers should reconstruct the teaching materials and then teach more creatively.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.229-246
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• 1998

This dissertation classifies sample patients by a measure of K-DRG to identify the most frequent group. and investigates the differences in the dependency of nursing by patient classification system in the SICU of Seoul National University Hospital in Korea. It also calculates the mean nursing care hours and costs per craniotomy patient, who is shown to be the most frequent patient group. The results of the research can be used as basic data for the development of relevant nursing cost system in the future. The results of the research are as follows: 1. Using data from 97 sample patients, as many as 26 groups are identified when the patients are classified by K-DRG. KDRG-001 (craniotomy) is found to be the most frequent group(43.30%). 2. The result from patient classification system grouping in craniotomy patients shows homogeneity in terms of dependency of nursing with 35 patients in the 4th group, 145 patients(74.36%) are in the 5th group. and 15 patients are in the 6th group among the total 195 sample patients. 3. The direct nursing care hours for the 4th, 5th, and 6th patient classification system groups are found to be 381 minuites. 483 minuites, and 519 minuites, respectively, which shows that the nursing care hours increases as the dependency of nursing is intensified. The indirect nursing care hours are found to be 454 minuites(7.57 hours). The total mean nursing care hours, which is the sum of the direct nursing care hours(467 min.: 7.78 hours) and the indirect nursing care hours (454 min.: 7.57 hours), is 921 minuites(15.35 hours) per patient a day. 4. The nursing care cost is calculated to be 123,297 won per patient a day. Considering the average duration in the ICU, we can find the total nursing care cost is 610,318 won.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2005

Purpose : This study was undertaken in order to find out the actual condition and barriers of health education in elementary school after introduction of 7th curriculum modification. Method: A questionaire was sent by mail on November 1, 2003, and received a total of 230 till November 30, 2003. Among them, 198 were included in fmal analysis. The collected data was analyzed through frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results : The results of this study were as follows: Among of the school health task, the most time spending task was emergency treatment and medication. The health education content which now being taught was sex education and prevention of drug abuse in the 6th grade, prevention of obesity in the 5th grade, emergency treatment, safety education in the 4th grade and prevention of disease of teeth in the 3rd grade. The most difficult problem in health education was pointed to no subject, no hour about health education by policy. Conclusion : It was necessary to formalize the health education subject, to ensure of health education hour by policy and to establish of extra health education room to improve health education at elementary school.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.855-864
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of periodontal disease in menopausal women. Methods: We used data from the 7th (2016-2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects of the study were 2,643 women aged 40 to 59 years who participated in the periodontal examination and answered a menses questionnaire. The data were analyzed using complex samples multivariate logistic regression to investigate the effects related to periodontal disease in menopausal women. Results: After adjusting for general characteristics, oral health behaviors, and health status, those aged 50-59 years had odds ratio (OR) for periodontal disease of 2.52 compared to those aged 40-49 years. Compared to those who brushed 3 or more times a day, those with less than 3 brushings a day had OR of 1.48. Those who smoked had a 3.00 higher risk of periodontal disease than those who were non-smokers. Further, those with glycosuria had a 2.26 higher risk of periodontal disease than those without glycosuria. Conclusions: In order to promote the oral health of menopausal women, it is suggested that comprehensive and systematic oral health education should be implemented considering various variables.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 1989

This study was undertaken to obtain basic data of the sternal development in Korean native cattle from the earliest sternal formation to the ossification using histological and histochemical methods. Thrity three sterna were collected from a series of embryos and fetuses ranging from 11 to 225mm (estimated age 37~120days) in crown rump length. The bilateral sternal bars were observed in the 2nd group(CRL 21~3mm) of Korean cattle embryos. Those bars initiated to be fused in the 3rd group (CRL 31~4mm) and completed in the 7th group(CRL 71~80mm). The ossification centers were detected in the 8th group(CRL 81~90mm) also bilateral ossification centers were found in the same group. The typical epiphyseal plates, endochondral bone and calcium deposit were found in the 9th group(CRL 91~100mm). Osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and myeloid cells appeared in ossification centers in the 10th group(more than CRL 101mm). The alcianophility responded markedly in the 9th group that was decreased and showed slightly positive reaction in territorial matrix of the 10th group. Marked positive reaction to PAS was observed in bony trabeculae in the 10th group. The positive reaction to calcium deposit by trichrome stain was observed initially in the hypertrophied zone of epiphyseal plate in the 9th group and was conspicuous in the calcified zone of epiphyseal plate in the 10th group. The 1st positive reaction to the von Kossa stain was observed in the 9th group.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-12
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• 2017

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.135-148
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• 2006

The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale(Horwitz et al., 1986) and the Classroom Environment Scale(Moos & Tricket, 1974) were administered to 434 middle school students in Daegu. Data were analyzed by Cronbach's $\alpha$, t-test, and Pearson's correlation using the SPSS program. Results on anxiety showed no gender differences between male and female students but $9^{th}$ graders reported more anxiety than $7^{th}$ graders. Two of the nine classroom environment subscales showed differences between perceptions of male and female students, and there were significant differences between $7^{th}$ and $9^{th}$ graders. Foreign language anxiety was correlated with perceived classroom environment. This finding suggests the importance of the psychological environment between the English teacher and students for successful language education.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.208-219
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• 2024

This study aims to analyze dental care at the 25^th World Scout Jamboree (WSJ) using a predesigned standardized dental chart to provide a reference for the operation of dental emergency clinics at future large-scale youth events. The dental charts of all patients treated at the 25^th WSJ emergency dental clinic were examined. Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze the differences between youth scouts and adult leaders. Eighty visits of 71 patients were included in the study. The largest number of patients was from Asia-Pacific (49.3%), followed by patients from Europe (40.8%). In terms of chief complaints, oral ulcers (19.7%), lesions of the lips (18.3%), and orthodontic discomfort (15.5%) were the most prevalent. The analysis showed a significant difference (p = 0.0023) between youth scouts and adult leaders in the distribution of patients in the first half (July 30^th - August 3^rd) and second half (August 4^th - August 8^th) of the event. There was a higher incidence of dental conditions associated with hot and humid environments, unlike typical emergency dental settings. Therefore, despite adequate preparation, unexpected dental visits may occur, and it is recommended that operations be conducted in community-based dental hospitals to allow for immediate and efficient responses in international camps.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2017

In recent years the growth rates of world agricultural production and crop yields have slowed because of rapid urbanization but the agriculture mechanization implies the use of various power sources and improved farm tools and equipment to enhance the efficiency of utilization of various crop input. Therefore the current study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of seedlings treated with plant growth regulators for the production of seeds suitable for mechanical formulations of soybeans and red beans. The seeds of Uram bean and Arary red bean were sown in 128 well plug tray as the testing varieties. Three growth inhibitors such as 0.05% hexaconazole, prohexadion-calcium, and 0.1% diniconazole were treated and fifteen representative plants were collected from each treatment at 2, 5, 7, 13, 16, 17, 19, and 20 days interval after treatment. The collected plants were examined for the growth atributes such as plant height, root length, leaf area and chlorophyll. The growth promoter was treated at the 13th day after treatment with growth inhibitor and treated with 0.1% concentration of Pomina ($GA_{4+7}$ 1.8% + 6-benzylaminopurine 1.8%) and Nonaji (gibberellic acid 2% + $GA_{4+7}$ 2%). Initially the growth data was recorded to examine the effect of growth inhibitor, while after treatment with growth promoters, the growth attributes were recorded at 4th and 7th day. As a result of measuring the growth parameter of soybean, the inhibitory effect was shown in the aerobic treatment at the ground level at the 7th day after treatment. At the 4th day of growth promoting agents treatment, the stimulation effect of non - treated plants was greater than that of formalin treatments. As a result of measuring the growth attributes of red bean, In the latter part of the growth, at the 4th day after the growth promoter treatment. This study was able to confirm the effective growth regulators and treatment periods for each crop, and it was possible to control the growth of seedlings. Based on these results, it can be expected that the basis of seedling production technology of crops which is necessary for sowing and transplantation mechanization of agriculturle field can be established.