• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.931-941
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between depression and poor oral health in Korean elderly using Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for assessment of depressive symptoms. Methods: This study used the data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-2). The study included 1,454 elderly Korean aged over 65. Variables included demographic characteristics (gender, age), socioeconomic factor (income, education), systemic diseases, oral health related factor (tooth brush, dental products), health related factor (alcohol drinking, smoking), and depression. Logistic regression analysis was used as sequential models. Effects were quantified as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: From frequency analysis, being female, primary school or less, non-alcohol drinking, poor oral health were significantly related to depression. In the multiple logistic regression model, depression was significantly associated with poor oral health (OR=1.96, CI=1.15-3.53) after adjustment for other covariates including demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factor, systemic diseases, oral health related factor, and health related factor (OR=1.91, CI=1.13-3.27). Conclusions: Depression had an influence on the poor oral health after adjustment as confounding variable in the elderly. It should be focused on the health promotion for the elderly vulnerable to depression and poor oral health. The development of the mental health and oral health should be established.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

The study was conducted to identify related risk factor of elderly's suicidal ideation. This study used a cross-sectional design with secondary analysis of the $6^{th}$ 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Data for 1,201 elderlies who aged over 65 years old from the KNHANES were included. Suicidal ideation, general characteristics, physical health, psychological health, EuroQoL, and health behavior were measured. Chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze this data through the SPSS win 22.0 program. In the results, 7.7% of the elderly had suicidal ideation. The odds ratios of suicidal ideation were significantly higher among those with restriction of activity (OR=1.31, CI=1.40~3.82), those with depression (OR=4.44, CI=1.66~7.40), and those with high levels of stress (OR=9.24, CI=3.48~24.5). Therefore, the activity level, depression level, and stress level need to be regularly assessed in order to prevent suicidal ideation among the elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.103-110
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the convergence relationship between depression and oral health behaviors in postmenopausal women using data from the 2016~2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES). The subjects of this study were 1,201 women aged 40 to 59 years who answered 'menopause' in the question of menstruation of KNHANES. The data were analyzed by complex samples chi-square test and logistics regression. The group with a PHQ-9 score of '≥10' was 3.12 times more likely to smoke than the group with '<10'. Depression in postmenopausal women was strongly related to smoking. This study is expected to be used as a basic data to improve the health and oral health of middle-aged women by identifying oral health behaviors related to depression in postmenopausal women.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.637-653
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between food consumption frequency of Korean adults and self-perceived chewing difficulty, using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, 112 items) from 2013-2016 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were divided into not difficult in chewing (NDC) and difficult in chewing (DC) groups, with 24.17% being classified into DC. Males and females consumed 35 and 37 items less frequently than the other sex, respectively. Due to the remarkable gender difference in food consumption, gender-stratified one-sided survey regression analysis was performed after adjusted for the effect of age, household income, and self-rated health status. RESULTS: Thirty-four items of FFQ were significantly less consumed by the DC group. Females exclusively consumed less beverages and alcohol while males showed the same for fruits and milk·dairy products. Consumption frequency of 8 items such as steamed potatoes·grilled potatoes, stir fried beef, other kimchi·fresh vegetable kimchi, orange, sour pork·pork cutlet, tteokbokki and green tea were significant only in males. In contrast, 17 items including cooked rice with other grains and legumes, boiled egg·steamed egg, Korean cabbage kimchi, banana, and tofu stew·soft tofu stew were significant only for females. Finally, items that showed significance for both were 9 items including loaf bread, ready-to-eat cereal, steamed sweet potatoes·grilled sweet potatoes, stir-fried lotus roots·stir-fried burdock, green laver salad·brown seaweed salads, apples, tomato·cherry tomatoes, squid (raw, dried shredded, boiled, stir-fried), and curd type yogurt. CONCLUSIONS: Findings in this study suggest chewing difficulty may be an important nutritional issue that has to be dealt with for healthful food consumption, with distinct interest of gender.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.37-48
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to find determinants for participation in the National health screening program participation according to sex in Korean. Methods: Data for 5,355 from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI was included. Impact factors were analyzed by sex using logistic regression. Results: The participation in men rates(65.6%) higher than women(60.6%). In the case of men, those who have higher age (OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.21-0.52), higher income(OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.54-0.97), higher education (OR=0.54, 95% CI 0.36-0.81), occupation(OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.38-2.36), spouse(OR=1.95, 95% CI 1.45-2.62) were shown to have health examination more frequently. In the case of women, those who live in more developed city(OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.1-1.76), have higher age(OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.26), higher income(OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.26), higher education(OR=0.68, CI 0.46-0.99), occupation(OR=1.54, CI 1.32-1.80) and health insurance(OR=2.68, 95% CI 1.17-6-15) were shown to have health examination more frequently insurance were shown to have health examination more frequently. Conclusions: As a result, for both, age, income, education and occupation influenced health examination rate. Additionally, for men, marital status and for women, residence and the type of their health insurance was influenced. Individualized intervention is needed to increase participation rate.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.294-304
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Eating out has been reported to have negative effects on nutritional status. However, eating out can include meals prepared at home and eaten outside. Conversely, meals eaten at home can be brought from outside, as take-out and home deliveries have become common in Korea. Thus, we tested whether or not meal preparation location influences daily diet quality. SUBJECTS/METHODS: From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007-2009, 4,915 Korean adults (20-64 years) were classified into two groups: home-made meal group (HMG), who ate ${\geq}2$ meals per day prepared at home (n = 4,146), and non-home-made meal group (NHMG), who ate ${\geq}2$ meals per day prepared outside home (n = 769). Daily diet quality was determined by energy intake, nutrient intake, Dietary Variety Score (DVS), and Diet Diversity Score (DDS). RESULTS: Compared to the HMG, the NHMG was more likely to consist of men, single, employed, educated and of a higher economic status (all, P < 0.01). The NHMG showed higher energy intakes (1,776 vs. 2,116 kcal/day) with higher percentages of energy from protein (15 vs. 23%) and fat (14 vs. 16%) and lower intakes of dietary fiber, phosphorus, potassium, niacin, and vitamin C (all, P < 0.01) than the HMG, with some variations among age groups. The NHMG tended to consume foods prepared by frying and grilling and had more one-dish meals such as bibimbap, noodles, and dumplings but also showed higher dietary diversity. CONCLUSIONS: It should be noted that home-made meals do not necessarily guarantee a healthy diet, and the effects of meal preparation location on nutritional status might vary depending on socio-demographic characteristics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.493-509
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• 2018

This study was performed to compare the effects of health behaviors, dietary habits, and psychological health on metabolic syndrome (MS) between young adults living in one-person households (OPHs) and multiple-person households (MPHs). The data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which was conducted in 2014 and 2016 were used. The subjects were 2,682, who were 20 to 39 years old. The data were analyzed using complex sample Rao-Scott ${\chi}^2-tests$, t-tests, and multiple logistic regression using SPSS 23.0 software. Sex, age, obesity, and subjective health status were associated with MS in young adults living in either OPHs or MPHs. Breakfast consumption frequency, eating alone, food label use, stress, and depression were associated with MS only in young adults living in OPHs. Thus, these differentiated risk factors of MS should be considered, when health promotion strategies and interventions are planned for young adults living in OPHs. Also, further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies or interventions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.628-637
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing quality of life among cancer survivors in order to identify strategies for cancer survivors to go back to normal life and carry on stable and high quality life. This study used Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2010-2014), conducted by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(KCDC). The sample of this study was 610 cancer survivors and their average time since diagnosis was about 11 years. The most powerful influencing factors for quality of life among cancer survivors were activity limitation(${\beta}$=.30, p<.001), followed by age(${\beta}$=-.20, p<.001), subjective health status(${\beta}$ =-.19, p<.001), and economic status(${\beta}$=.12, p=.004). According to the result, limitation on daily activities or social activities due to physical or mental debilitation was a strong factor that lowers quality of life among cancer survivors. Hence, there is a need for manpower and infrastructure that facilitates, supports, and manage daily activities of cancer survivors.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.501-510
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• 2019

This study aimed to find health related lifestyle factors that influence glycemic control for diabetes mellitus (DM) management strategies. This study used nested case-control design with matching variables that were not controlled by individuals such as age, sex, insulin or oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) use, disease duration, education level and household income. This study analyzed 983 subjects with type 2 DM who enrolled in the $7^{th}$ (2016-2017) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The target HbA1c level of controlled glucose was defined as less than 6.5%, and 289 (30%) were achieved. Conditional multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to find self-control factors associated with HbA1c levels. The results statistically significant for variables such as duration of diabetes, insulin or OHA use in overall cohort and body mass index (BMI), smoking and fundus Examination in matched cohort. These results are expected to provide as evidence for the intensive care criteria(disease duration, drug use) and lifestyle management strategy(BMI, smoking, fundus examination).

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 2016

Purpose: This study examined the characteristics differences associated with 1-year continuous smoking abstinence in Korean young adult and middle-aged male workers. Methods: 'Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)' is an ongoing surveillance system that assesses the health and nutritional status of Koreans. For a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from KNHANES VI-1, this study selected 683 Korean male workers as a subpopulation, who were young adult or middle-aged. The subpopulation was composed of success or failure group of 1-year continuous smoking abstinence. Binomial logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Success group was more likely to be older, live in urban areas, rate their health status as excellent or good, and have ever been diagnosed with hypertension than failure group. Additionally, Success group was less likely to have used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), drink more than once a month, and have been exposed to secondhand smoking in workplace within a week. Conclusion: Developing smoking cessation programs requires consideration of resources in rural areas, promoting self-efficacy, restricting e-cigarettes and drinking, and promoting a smoke-free workplace.