• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 생물학적 처리방법으로 염색폐수의 난분해성 유기물질을 효과적으로 처리하기 위한 방안으로 활성슬러지를 Polyethylene glycol(PEG)에 포괄고정화한 담체를 유동상 반응기를 이용하여 난분해성 유기물질의 처리효율을 평가하고 적정 운전인자를 검토하였다. 담체는 내경 4 mm${\times}$높이 4 mm의 원통형으로 미세공극을 가진 PEG재질의 담체를 제조하기 위해 PEG-prepolymer와 미생물을 젤 상태에서 혼합하여 고형화 시켰으며, 이때 담체에 사용된 미생물은 염색폐수에 순응시키지 않은 상태에서 합성되었다. 연속 호기성 유동상 반응기의 유입수는 $SCOD_{Cr}$ 약 330 mg/L, $SBOD_5$ 20 mg/L 이하의 생물학적 처리수를 사용하였고, 체류시간의 변화에 따른 각 반응기의 난분해성 유기물질 제거효율을 비교하였다 생물학적 처리수를 유입수로 하여 동일한 HRT로 운전한 결과 모든 조건에서 45% 이상의 유기물 제거효율을 보였으며, HRT 12 hr이 유기물 제거효율 등을 고려할 때 안정된 효율을 얻을 수 있는 적정 체류시간으로 판단되었다. 특히 기질환경의 변화에 따른 유기물 제거효율의 변화를 확인하기 위하여 생물학적 처리전의 처리장 유입폐수를 처리한 결과 $SCOD_{Cr}$ 70% 이상, $SBOD_5$ 97% 이상의 높은 처리효과를 나타내었다. 포괄고정화 담체를 이용한 염색폐수처리에서 유동상 반응기는 기존 활성슬러지 공정을 대신하거나 혼용하여 적용하는 것이 가능할 것으로 판단되어진다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1128-1133
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• 2010

The diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in activated sludge were compared using PCR-DGGE and real-time PCR assays. Activated sludge samples were collected from five different types of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) mainly treating textile, paper, food, and livestock wastewater or domestic sewage. The composition of total bacteria determined by PCR-DGGE was highly diverse between the samples, whereas the community of AOB was similar across all the investigated activated sludge. Total bacterial numbers and AOB numbers in the aerated mixed liquor were in the range of $1.8{\times}10^{10}$ to $3.8{\times}10^{12}$ and $1.7{\times}10^6$ to $2.7{\times}10^{10}$ copies/l, respectively. Activated sludge from livestock, textile, and sewage treating WWTPs contained relatively high amoA gene copies (more than $10^5$ copies/l), whereas activated sludge from food and paper WWTPs revealed a low number of the amoA gene (less than $10^3$ copies/l). The value of the amoA gene copy effectively showed the difference in composition of bacteria in different activated sludge samples and this was better than the measurement with the AOB 16S rRNA or total 16S rRNA gene. These results suggest that the quantification of the amoA gene can help monitor AOB and ammonia oxidation in WWTPs.

• 멤브레인
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2022

성장하는 산업화는 심각한 수질 오염으로 이어진다. 폐수로 배출되는 약품과 섬유산업에서 나오는 유기배출물은 환경과 생명에게 악영향을 미친다. 항균치료에 사용되는 항생제가 폐수에 존재하면 인체에 매우 해로운 약제 내성균의 성장을 야기하게 된다. 섬유산업에서 사용되는 유기염료 분자의 제조에는 다양한 유기 저분자가 사용된다. 이러한 분자들은 인쇄 및 염색 산업의 폐수 배출물에 존재하여 분해가 잘 이루지지 않는다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 광분해성 촉매를 분리막에 도입하고 폐수를 처리한다. 이 과정을 통해 유기 분자는 광분해되며 동시에 분해된 화합물들은 분리막을 통과하여 분리된다. 이산화티타늄(TiO₂)은 뛰어난 광촉매 역할을 하는 반도체이다. 다른 전이 금속 산화물과 화합물을 만들고 고분자 막에 도입하여 광촉매 능력을 증가시킨다. 본 총설에서는 광촉매성 분리막에 의한 염료 및 약물 분자의 분해에 대해 논의한다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.202-209
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• 2021

Natural dyes are more expensive than synthetic dyes and the dyeing process, which is mainly immersion of dye, is complicated. For this reason, relatively small-scale production methods were predominant. However, awareness and interest in environmental sustainability is rising globally, and the use of synthetic dyes causes various environmental problems such as wastewater and CO₂ emission, so the consumption of natural dyes is increasing. In addition, interest in digital textile printing, an eco-friendly dyeing method that can produce products of various designs and uses less water, is growing. In this study, natural indigo dye (Indigofera tinctoria) was used as a raw material for Digital Textile Printing ink, and ¹⁴C (Biocarbon) present in it was measured to confirm whether it was derived from natural ingredients. The performance was confirmed by testing the pH, viscosity, electrical conductivity, surface tension, and particle size analysis of natural indigo ink. In addition, the performance of natural indigo DTP ink and printing fabric was evaluated by inspecting the change in color fastness and corresponding index substances before and after digital printing with natural indigo DTP ink on textiles. Through this, the possibility of commercialization of DTP ink and printing fabric using natural indigo was confirmed.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2000

For the effective treatment of dyeing-complex wastewater, the most effective chemical coagulation method was studied. For the chemical coagulation of dyeing-complex wastewater, polyferric sulfate, $4Al_2(SO_4)_3$, PAC, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, $FeCl_2$ and lime were used. It was investigated that polyferric sulfate was the most efficient coagulant. The optimal conditions and results for polyferric sulfate include the followings. When initial $COD_{Mn}$ concentration was 600mg/L, the optimal initial pH, dosage of coagulant, dosage of lime and PAA for $COD_{Mn}$ removal efficiency were 5, 1,200mg/L, 500mg/L and lmg/L, respectively. The optimal dosage of polyferric sulfate was increased proportionally to the influent $COD_{Mn}$ concentration.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.381-385
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• 2006

For decolorization of synthetic dyes, One fungus(HUE05-1) which was isolated from textile wastewater collected from industrial complex in Korea showed excellent ability of removing synthetic dyes. This fungus was identified as Basidiomycetes species by Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) sequence. Isolated fungi. HUE05-1 completely decolorized all dyes in both solid and liquid condition. The decolorization results were Reactive Orange-16, 97.12%; Reactive Blue-19, 92.09%; Reactive Blue-49, 97.04%; Reactive Yellow-145, 95.53%; Acid Orange-10, 99.18%; Acid Violet-43, 98.73%; Acid Blue-350, 94.71% and Disperse Blue-106, 90.07%.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2019

Dyeing is an essential process for improving the value of textile products, but it is considered as one of industries causing pollution because of producing wastewater containing hazardous chemicals as well as using a large amount of water and energy. Global demand for greener technologies in textile field is getting much more attention and accordingly, the use of eco-friendly natural dyes is growing much larger. In textile printing, both dyes and pigments can be used. Pigment printing is more simple process and requires less water and less energy, compared to dye printing. In this study, the organic pigment was prepared from the marigold colorant. Samples were stencil printed, pressed(70℃, 3min) and then heat treated(150℃, 5min). The uptake of polyacrylic acid as a chemical binder was the lowest. In particular, marigold pigments were excellent in color and texture when Guar Gum and Sodium Alginate were used as binders. In addition, the light and washing fastness was rated very high as 4, 4/5 grades, and the rubbing fastness was also excellent as 3 and 4 grades.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

The advantage of enzyme scouring over alkali scouring is that the enzymatic process can be carried in a neutral pH, resulting in less damage on the fibers and a drastic reduction of wastewater. Since the pH of scouring bath is neutral, dyeing can be carried in the same bath. Four different types of scouring and dyeing in a single-bath were performed in this work: continuous scouring and dyeing in one-bath I and II, simultaneous scouring and dyeing in one-bath I and II. The difference between process I and II is the existence of an after-treatment process in the scouring. Dyeing was performed with three major colors(red, blue, yellow) and black to investigate the dye-ability. The absorbency of scoured and dyed fabrics was measured using gravimetric absorbency testing system. The fabric weight loss was measured after the treatment. Although the color depth for the three major colored fabrics treated in a single-bath was lower than the fabric scoured and dyed separately, the fabrics dyed with black did not show much difference. In addition, the absorbency of fabric treated in a single-bath was higher than the fabric treated separately.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2008

• 한국세라믹학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국세라믹학회 2002년도 추계총회 및 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.200.1-200
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• 2002