• 제목/요약/키워드: testicles

검색결과 38건 처리시간 0.017초

Testicular adrenal rest tumors in a patient with untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia

  • Jin, Hye-Young;Choi, Jin-Ho;Kim, Gu-Hwan;Lee, Chung-Sik;Yoo, Han-Wook
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제54권3호
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    • pp.137-140
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    • 2011
  • Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are considered to be formed from aberrant adrenal tissue that has become hyperplastic because of elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). A 6-year-old boy presented with testicular enlargement and pubic hair. He was diagnosed with CAH complicated by precocious puberty. However, he was not followed-up. At the age of 17, he visited the outpatient clinic because of testicular enlargement and short stature. His right and left testicles were $10{\times}6$ cm and $7.5{\times}4.5$ cm, respectively. His height was 155.1 cm (standard deviation score (SDS), -2.90). The diagnosis of CAH due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency was confirmed by mutation analysis of CYP21A2. Histological examination of the testes showed large, polygonal, eosinophilic cells with round nuclei and prominent nucleoli, which were suggestive of TARTs. He was treated with dexamethasone for 3 weeks and tumors regressed. Subsequently, dexamethasone was replaced by prednisolone and $9{\alpha}$-fludrocortisone; thereafter, the reduced testis size has been maintained.

A Study on Morphology and Behavior of the Sapsaree : A Korean native dog (Canis familiaris)

  • Han, Kook-Il;Alam, Mahboob;Lee, Yun-Mi;Lee, Dong-Hoon;Ha, Ji-Hong;Kim, Jong-Joo
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제52권6호
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    • pp.481-490
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to characterize the morphological and behavior patterns of Sapsaree dogs. The population (n=8,256) has been constructed since 1990 over 12 generations and managed at the Sapsaree Breeding Research Institute, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk province. Eighteen morphological and seven behavioral traits were investigated for 882 individuals. Linear models were applied for each trait by fitting sex, season of birth, hair color or test age. The averages of body weight, body length, body height, and depth of chest were $20.5{\pm}2.4\;kg$, $57.3{\pm}4.2\;cm$, $52.1{\pm}3.6\;cm$, and $21.1{\pm}2.4\;cm$, respectively. Males had greater estimated values than females for these body conformation traits. The chocolate Sapsarees had greater averages for body weight, body height and chest depth. The older animals (>2 years) had heavier body weight than younger animals. About 54, 69, 97, 39 and 83.3% of the Sapsarees had hairs with yellow color, straight, medium to long, untangled, and longer around eyes, respectively. Also, about 40% brown eye, 43% curly tail, 78% normal jaw, 86% no missing teeth, 90% no dewclaw, and >90% with black nose, pendent ear, tongue without spots were observed. About 95% males were normal in testicles state. The males performed significantly better than the females for majority of the behavioral traits. For nerve stability, affability, wariness, adaptability, sharpness, activity, and reaction during blood drawn about 79%, 73%, 76%, 61%, 70%, 48% and 81% of the Sapsarees performed at desired level. In general, the Sapsarees showed good characteristics for both morphological and behavioral traits, which can be exploited to use the Sapsaree breed as a companion or guide dog.

Cardamonin exerts a protective effect against autophagy and apoptosis in the testicles of diabetic male rats through the expression of Nrf2 via p62-mediated Keap-1 degradation

  • Samir, Shereen M.;Elalfy, Mahmoud;El Nashar, Eman Mohamad;Alghamdi, Mansour A.;Hamza, Eman;Serria, Mohamed Saad;Elhadidy, Mona G.
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.341-354
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    • 2021
  • Cardamonin (CARD) is a chalconoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and it is present in several plants. We sought to explore whether CARD exerts any positive effects against hyperglycemia-induced testicular dysfunction caused by type 2 diabetes and aimed to identify its possible intracellular pathways. Adult male rats were subdivided into six groups: control, CARD, diabetic (DM), DM + glibenclamide (GLIB), DM + CARD and DM + GLIB + CARD. Type 2 DM induced a significant increase in blood glucose and insulin resistance, along with diminished serum insulin, testosterone and gonadotropins levels, which were associated with the impairment of key testicular androgenic enzymes and cellular redox balance. Administration of CARD at a dose of 80 mg/kg for 4 weeks effectively normalized all of these alterations, and the improvement was confirmed by epididymal sperm analysis. After treatment with CARD, the pathological changes in spermatogenic tubules were markedly improved. Significantly, CARD upregulated testicular glucose transporter-8 (GLUT-8) expression and had inhibitory effects on elevated autophagy markers and caspase-3 immunoreactive cells. Furthermore, our results revealed that CARD was able to attenuate damage via activation of Nrf2 through the p62-dependent degradation of testicular anti-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap-1). In conclusion, this study suggests that CARD provides protection against diabetic stress-mediated testicular damage. The use of CARD with conventional anti-diabetic therapy was associated with improved efficacy compared with conventional therapy alone.

Two Korean girls with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome diagnosed in infancy

  • Heo, You Jung;Ko, Jung Min;Lee, Young Ah;Shin, Choong Ho;Yang, Sei Won;Kim, Man Jin;Park, Sung Sub
    • Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.220-225
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    • 2018
  • Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a rare genetic disease caused by various abnormalities in the androgen receptor (AR). The AR is an essential steroid hormone receptor that plays a critical role in male sexual differentiation and development and preservation of the male phenotype. Mutations in the AR gene on the X chromosome cause malfunction of the AR so that a 46,XY karyotype male has some physical characteristics of a woman or a full female phenotype. Depending on the phenotype, AIS can be classified as complete, partial or mild. Here, we report 2 cases of complete AIS in young children who showed complete sex reversal from male to female as a result of AR mutations. They had palpable inguinal masses and normal female external genitalia, a blind-end vagina and absent $M{\ddot{u}}llerian$ duct derivatives. They were both 46,XY karyotype and AR gene analysis demonstrated pathologic mutations in both. Because AIS is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner, we performed genetic analysis of the female family members of each patient and found the same mutation in the mothers of both patients and in the female sibling of case 2. Gonadectomy was performed in both patients to avoid the risk of malignancy in the undescended testicles, and estrogen replacement therapy is planned for their adolescence. Individuals with complete AIS are usually raised as females and need appropriate care.

The Effects of Panax ginseng on TCDD-induced Testicular Atrophy in Guinea Pigs

  • Kim, Wun-Jae;Hwang, Seok-Yeon;Lee, Hyung-Lae;Song, Geun-Song;Kim, Si-Kwan
    • 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 고려인삼학회 1998년도 Advances in Ginseng Research - Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ginseng -
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    • pp.300-311
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    • 1998
  • 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), one of the most notorious toxic environmental pollutants, induces various toxic effects in many organs including testes and is regarded as an endocrine disruptor. Korean ginseng, on the other hand, has been well known for its preventive effects on lox- ins, diabetes melltus and hyperlipidemia. We investigated, histopathologically, the effect of Korean Red ginseng water extract (KR-WE) on guinea pig testes damaged by TCDD. Ninety guinea pigs were divided into 6 groups: normal control (NC) group received vehicle and saline; TCDD,1191kg b.w., was administered intraperitoneally to the single dose TCDD-treated (77) group; 100 mghg b.w.16 and 200mg1kg b.w./d KR-WE were injected intraperitoneally to the preventive groups (PIOO and P2OO, respectively) for 28 days from 1 week before TCDD injection, and to the therapeutic groups (CIOO and C2OO, respectively) for 14 days since 1 week after TCDD administration. Increment of body weight was retarded to a larger extent by TCDD. Moreover, body weight of the 77 group decreased significantly 7 days after TCDD exposure, while that of preventive groups kept increasing. Decrease in body weight was not observed in KR-WE-treated groups. Weight decrease in testes caused by TCDD was remarkably protected by KR-WE. Testicles in 77 group displayed decreased tubular size and maturation arrest at the primary or secondary spermatocyte stage. On the other hand, maturation arrest in germ cells by TCDD was improved in KR-WE treated groups. Almost complete protection of the testes was observed in PIOO and P2OO groups. In addition, the therapeutic effect was noticed in C 100 and C2OO groups. These results provided strong evidence that Korean Red ginseng might be a useful agent for the prevention and treatment of testicular damage induced by environmental pollutants.

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Degenerative changes in testis, epididymis, and sperm quality in ICR mice treated with methoxychlor and bisphenol A

  • Juyeon Hong;Donghun Kang;Daeyoung Kim
    • 한국동물생명공학회지
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    • 제37권4호
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    • pp.276-284
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    • 2022
  • Endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in many commercial products may interfere with the normal functioning of the endocrine system and are unsafe because of their cumulative effect on the human body. However, little is known about the effects of combinations of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in humans. Methoxychlor and bisphenol A are toxic to male reproductive organs. Therefore, we studied the effects of methoxychlor and bisphenol A on male reproductive function. Male mice were divided into four treatment groups: control, 400 mg methoxychlor, 1 mg bisphenol A, and 400 mg methoxychlor + 1 mg bisphenol A/kg/day. Methoxychlor and bisphenol A were dissolved in sesame oil and acetone and administered orally for 4 weeks. After administration, the weight and histological changes in the testicles and epididymis, sperm count and health were observed biochemical tests and whole blood counts were performed. The results showed that the mice in the bisphenol A and methoxychlor + bisphenol A groups gained more weight than those in the control and methoxychlor group. The weights of the testes and epididymis were higher in the experimental groups than in the control. Sperm motility and progression were significantly reduced in the bisphenol A and methoxychlor + bisphenol A groups. Histological observation showed a reduced number of sperm, smaller seminiferous tubules, and destroyed lumen in the methoxychlor + bisphenol A group compared to the other groups. In conclusion, our study showed that methoxychlor and bisphenol A destroy male reproductive tissues and decrease sperm quality.

Effect of short-term fattening period and castration method on productivity, serum testosterone, and economic efficacy in Hanwoo cattle

  • Jun Sang Ahn;Eung Gi Kwon;Hyun Jeong Lee;Ui Hyung Kim;Jeong Il Won;Sun Sik Jang;Byung Ki Park
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제65권1호
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    • pp.149-159
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of castration method and short-term fattening periods on Hanwoo cattle. Thirty-two Hanwoo calves (average body weight: 148.4 ± 19.8 kg) were used. The calves were randomly assigned in a 2 × 2 factor according to two castration methods (castration or hemi-castration) and two short-term finishing periods (24 months or 26 months). The final body weight increased significantly as the fattening period increased (p < 0.05), and the average daily weight gain was higher in the hemi-castration groups than in the castration groups (p < 0.05). After surgical castration, testosterone concentration was higher in the hemi-castration group than in the castration group during the entire experimental period (p < 0.05). The rib eye area was wider in the hemi-castration group than in the castration group (p < 0.01).An interaction effect was observed between the castration method and short-term fattening period (p < 0.05). Marbling and auction price scores differed between castration methods and were higher in the castration group than in the hemi-castration group (p < 0.01). Gross receipts and net income increased in the castration group compared to the hemi-castration group (p < 0.01) and showed a tendency to increase with the short-term fattening period, but there was no significant difference. Thus, castration to remove both testicles is essential for economic profit through producing high-quality Korean beef meat, and short-term fattening for 26 months, rather than 24 months, can benefit more by increasing carcass weight and meat quality.

척추 손상 환자에서 고환 종물로 오인된 거대 요도 결석과 요도루 (Giant Urethral Stone Presenting as a Scrotal Mass and Urethral Fistula)

  • 박승철;이재환;최정우;황용
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제18권12호
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    • pp.208-212
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    • 2017
  • 요도 결석은 매우 드믄 질환으로 보고된 증례가 많지 않으며, 대부분 요도 협착이나 요도 게실이 있는 남성에게서 대게 발생한다. 이에 우리는 20년 전 자동차 사고로 인한 척수 손상 후 하반신 마비가 발생한 42세 남성에서 발견된 거대 요로 결석 증례를 보고하고자 한다. 낮 동안에 다원적 증상을 가지고 있고, 고환 밑으로 종물이 만져지며 혈뇨 및 배뇨시 발생하는 통증을 보이면서 최근에는 소변이 전혀 나오지 않는 증상으로 응급실에 내원하여 비뇨기과 협진이 의뢰되었다. 고환 종물의 성상을 확인하기 위해 복부와 골반 컴퓨터 단층 촬영(CT)이 시행되었다. 검사 결과 종양은 관찰되지 않았다. 하지만, 요도 결석이 확인되었다. 우선적으로 요도성형술을 시행하여 방광루를 제거하였으며, 이후 요로 결석은 제거되었다. 2주 후에 요도조형술을 시행하였고 특이사항이 없음을 확인 후 소변줄을 제거하였다. 현재는 배뇨에 대한 특별한 문제는 없는 상태이다. 거대 요도 결석은 때때로 종양과 감별이 필요하며, 크기와 위치에 따라 치료법이 달라질 수 있어 좀 더 면밀한 검사가 필요하다.