• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2009

The research on meteorological data in Korea has been carried out but without much consistency and has been limited to some areas only. Of relatively more importance has been the area in the utilization of the solar energy, however, the measurement of the global solar horizontal irradiation has been quite limited. In the current study, the actually measured value of the global solar horizontal irradiation from the meteorological data and the theoretically calculated value of the global solar horizontal irradiation from the cloud amount will be analyzed comparatively. The method of analysis will employ the standard meteorological data drafted by the Korean Solar Energy Society, the standard meteorological data from the presently used simulation program and the corresponding results have been compared with the calculated value of the global solar horizontal irradiation from the cloud amount. The results of comparing the values obtained from MBE(Mean Bias Error), RMSE(Root Mean Squares for Error), t-Statistic methods and those from each of the standard meteorological data show that the actually measured value of the meteorological data which have been converted into standard meteorological data with the help of the ISO TRY method give the monthly average value of the global solar horizontal irradiation. These values compared with the monthly average value from the IWEC from the Department of Energy of the USA show that the value of the global solar horizontal irradiation in the USA is quite similar. In the case of the values obtained from calculation from the cloud amount, the weather data provided by TRNSYS, except only slight difference, which means that the actually measured values of the global solar horizontal irradiation are significant. This goes to show that in the case of Korea, the value of the global solar horizontal irradiation provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration is will be deemed correct.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2017

Background: The author analyse the impact of extracapsular lymph node spread and bone engagement in the ipsilateral neck of patients suffering squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lower lip. Methods: The data of 56 neck dissections performed in patients suffering SCC of the lower lip between January 2000 and December 2008 were retrospectively analysed. Statistical analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier life table method, and the survival rate was investigated with the log rank statistic and significance test. The values were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results: Nine patients took advantage from simultaneous treatment of tumor and prophylactic neck dissection (level I-III), reaching 100% survival rate. Patients suffering metastasized disease, who received radical neck dissection at the time of tumor treatment, presented 83.3% survival rate. Patients who underwent previous surgery and radiotherapy presented worse prognosis although radical neck dissection in case of extra-capsular spread only (24.7%) and osseous engagement (22.2%). Conclusion: Prophylactic neck dissection (level I-III) is recommended in T3-T4 N0 SCC. Simultaneous treatment of tumor and cervical lymph nodes provides a better prognosis as respect to delayed nodal management. Extra-capsular spread with or without bone engagement represents independent risk factor responsible for high mortality rate of SCC of the lower lip.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8753-8757
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• 2014

Background: Glioma is a heterogeneous central nervous system (CNS) tumor group that encompasses different histological subtypes with high variability in prognosis. The lesions account for almost 80% of primary malignant brain tumors. The aim of this study is to extend our understanding of the glioma epidemiology in the central Tunisian region. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 393 gliomas recorded in cancer registry of central Tunisia from 1993 to 2012. Crude incidence rates (CR) and world age-standardized rates (ASR) were estimated using annual population data size and age structure. Statistic correlations were established using Chi-square and Kaplan-Meier test. Results: Tunisian glioma patients were identified with a mean age at diagnosis of 48 years and 1.5 sex ratio (male/female). During the 19 years period of study the highest incidence value was observed in male group between 1998 and 2002 (CR: 0.28, ASR: 0.3). Incidence results underline increasing high grade glioma occurring in the adulthood in the last period (2007-2012). Median survival was 27 months, with 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rates of 42%, 30% and 26%, respectively. Survival was greater in patients with younger age, lower tumor grade, infratentrial tumor location and undergoing a palliative treatment. Conclusions: This central Tunisia gliomas registry study provides important information that could improve glioma management and healthcare practice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2021-2026
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• 2014

Aim: Recent research suggests that nucleophosmin (NPM) may be a prognostic marker in colorectal carcinomas (CRC). We here tested its use to predict the survival of CRC patients. Methods: We investigated NPM expression by immunohistochemistry in histologically normal to malignant colorectal tissues and evaluated its association with clinicopathological variables. Overall and disease-free survival after tumor removal were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences in survival curves were analyzed by the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of prognostic factors. Results: NPM expression was found significantly upregulated in CRC compared to adjacent colorectal tissue, villous adenoma, tubular adenoma and normal colorectal mucosa (p<0.05 for all). NPM expression was statistically linked to cancer embolus, lymph node metastasis, differentiation grade, and recurrence of CRC. Overall and disease-free survival of NPM-negative CRC patients tended to be better than those for patients with NPM-positive lesions (log-rank statistic, p<0.05 for all). Multivariate analysis indicated NPM expression as an independent prognostic indicator for CRC patients (p<0.05 ). Conclusion: Our results suggest that NPM expression can predict the survival of CRC patients. Prognosis of CRC is determined by not only many known prognostic factors but also by NPM expression.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.467-474
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• 2010

용접이음부의 신뢰성 확보는 구조물의 건전성과 내구성에 직접적인 영향을 미치기 때문에 가스용접 이음재의 피로설계기준(fatigue design criterion)을 정하기 위해서는 피로시험을 수행하여 ${\Delta}P$-Nf 관계를 이용하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 피로데이터를 장시간 획득하는 과정에서 여러 가지 변동인자에 의해서 피로데이터가 영향을 받기 때문에 피로데이터의 신뢰도가 떨어진다. 또한, 이음재의 재질 및 접합형태가 달라질 때마다, 각각의 경우에 대해서 새로운 피로시험이 요구됨으로 많은 시간과 비용이 소모된다. 따라서 이러한 문제점들을 개선하고 신뢰성 있는 설계를 하기 위해서 필렛 가스용접 이음재를 적용, 반복피로시험을 통한 데이터를 통계적으로 분석하여, 다양한 가스용접 이음재의 피로수명을 예측함과 동시에 실제 피로시험데이터와 비교 분석하여 예측된 수명의 신뢰도(reliability)와 신뢰구간(confidence interval)을 추정함으로서 새로운 피로설계기준 방법을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.233-246
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• 2001

Spiritual health is an important indicator in the quality of life of patients with cancer. The purpose of this study was to validate a Spiritual Health Inventory (SHI) for patients with cancer developed by Highfield (1989). The SHI was translated into Korean, back-translated into English. The study sample was 96 patients with cancer. The data were collected from September, 1999 to February, 2000 for 6 months. Statistic analysis was done with the SPSS PC+ (Version 10.0) program: descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and one-way ANOVA. The results are as follows : 1. The reliability score was examined using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and found to be .79. 2. Construct validity was examined using factor analysis. Four factors were identified and named : (1) Peace of mind (19.1% of variance), (2) Hope (9.7%), (3) Self-esteem (6.4%), (4) Trust (6.0%). The total of 41.2 percent of the variance. 3. The Pearson correlation coefficient score of 4 factors was between r = .24~ .42. 4. SHI was identified as multidimension, that is (1) The relationship with GOD, as absolute being, (2) the relationship with others, (3) the relationship within oneself. 5. There were differences in response in items especially related to GOD. The following recommendations can be made on the above findings : 1. Replicate with a minimum sample of 150 and test for concurrent validity. 2. Since spirituality is a dynamic concept, longitudinal study is also necessary. 3. Concept analysis using a qualitative study based on religious preference is recommended. 4. The items such as 12, 13, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, 26 indicated conceptual ambiguity for Korean populations and further study is needed on item deletion or new items.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.19-40
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• 2007

In recent, T-commerce is widely dispersed as alternative type of commerce. It is forecasted that t-commerce system is used more than e-commerce system. Therefore more and more t-commerce-related industries are also recognizing that t-commerce is a critical business model. It is needed to understand the concept of t-commerce and develop the t-commerce marketing strategy. CEO analyses consumer's behaviors according to the data about buyers and applies the advantage of t-commerce to the communication with customers. This t-commerce system plays an important role in maximizing customer satisfaction and affecting their intention to reuse it. Therefore this paper attempts to identify T-commerce critical success factors and divide between use-intention group and unuse-intention group by taking out a discriminant function by the discriminant analysis. This lays a foundation in developing T-commerce strategy. According to the discriminant function extracted, convenience factor, amusement factor, system quality factor, product perception factor are significant in the sequence of influential degree. However, usefulness factor and speedy connection factor are not significant. In result, the target hitting rate is 77.9% in the first unuse-intention group and it is 95.2% in the second use-intention group. The total discriminant target hitting rate is computed to higher value, 86.55%. The statistic package, SPSS 12.0, is used to survey and analyse data and test the hypothesis. The validity and reliability of variables are verified by both reliability analysis and factor analysis. The discriminant analysis is used to tell the difference between use-intention group and unuse-intention group.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.576-584
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to develop an education program for hospice care and to examine the effect of the program. The education program for hospice care was developed based on the philosophy and principle of Hospice and integrated with various professional areas related to the problems with which terminal patients and their family might be associated. The program was continued for 16 weeks and consisted of lectures and practices. The courses of this program were The Concept and Principle of Hospice, The Role of the Hospice Nurse, The Characteristics of Terminal Disease, Physical Care in Terminal Patients, Death Orientation, Psychological care for Terminal Patients, Spiritual care for Terminal Patients, and Care for the Family. To identify the effect of the education program for hospice care, the difference in death orientation of subjects between the pre and post performance of the education program was examined using the t-test. The finding of this statistic indicated that this education program for hospice care was effective in terms of changing the death orientation of subjects with positive direction. The education program for hospice care was performed several times at Kwangrim Hospice Missionary, Chungbuk University Hospital, and Wooam Church. Case studies were reported for a description of content of hospice care experienced by subjects after the performance of education, put this at the beginning 8 the sentence. In conclusion, the education program for hospice care was developed effectively. Therefore, this program should be used to educate and activate the subjects in community to be participants in hospice care.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

Introduction: The characteristics of oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and the treatment results were reviewed to determine the appropriate treatment strategies. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 140 patients diagnosed and treated for oral tongue SCC at Yonsei University Health System from January 1995 to December 2004 were reviewed. For statistic analysis, the survival rate was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method with SPSS version 12.0, and the difference in survival rates was evaluated using a log-rank test. Results: The mean age of the patients with oral tongue SCC patients was 55 (19-85 years old). According to the T, N and pathologic stage, the patients were distributed from a higher to a lower incidence of cases, as follows: T2 (46.4%), T1 (37.9%), T4 (8.5%), and T3 (7.1%); N0 (65%), N1 (20.7%), N2 (13.6%), and N3 (0.7%); and stage I (31.4%), stage II(25.7%), stage IV (22.2%), and stage III (20.7%). Local and regional recurrence and distant metastasis was present in 13.6%, 5% and 4.2% of patients, respectively. The five-year survival rate was 72.2%, and the prognostic factors for oral tongue SCC included neck metastasis, pathologic stage of the disease, cell differentiation, treatment modality, neck dissection as part of the treatment plan, and neck node recurrence. Discussion: It is suggested that ipsilateral neck dissection or bilateral neck dissection should be selected as a treatment of tongue SCC patients with advanced stage.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.821-831
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• 2014

추계학적 강수발생 및 모의기법은 수문학적 모형의 입력 자료로써 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 Modified Bartlett-Lewis Rectangular Pulse(MBLRP)와 같은 추계학적 포아송 클러스터 강수생성 모형에 대해서 국부최적화 방법을 통한 매개변수 추정 방법은 매개변수의 신뢰성에 상당한 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근에는 MBLRP 모형의 국부해추정 문제를 해소하기 위하여 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) 또는 Shuffled Complex Evolution developed at The University of Arizona (SCE-UA) 등 매개변수 추정 성능이 우수한 전역최적화기법이 도입되고 있지만, 제한된 매개변수 공간에서 항상 신뢰성 있는 매개변수 추정이 가능한 것은 아니다. 뿐만 아니라, 모형의 매개변수들이 갖고 있는 불확실성에 관한 연구는 아직 충분히 논의되지 않았다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 Bayesian 기법과 연계한 MBLRP 모형을 개발하였으며 각 매개변수들의 사후분포(Posterior Distribution)를 유도하여 매개변수가 내포하는 불확실성을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 그 결과 관측값에 대한 시간단위 이하 강수발생 통계치를 효과적으로 복원하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.