• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.24 no.3_4
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• pp.159-165
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• 1980

Tetrathiocyanatocobaltate[II] forms complexes with tertiary amine salts or quarternary ammonium salts which were extractable from aqueous solution by organic solvent. In order to study composition of the complex, the colored crystalline complexes produced were evaluated with elemental analysis, infrared and mass spectra. And also a novel spectrophotometric method for the determination of tertiary amine salt or quarternary ammonium salt with tetrathiocyanatocobaltate[II] was established by organic solvent extraction within coefficient of variation of 1.06-1.35%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2000

The colorante from black tea infusion were applied to cotton fabric. Dyeing properties were investigated in terms of dye uptakes at various dyeing conditions and the effect of mordants on color change and colorfastness. Cotton showed low affinity to black tea colorants. Effects of mordants on dye uptake was not significant except Sn. Irrespective of mordant type, color of cotton dyed with black tea colorants was brownish and colorfastness was generally good. In order to improve dye uptake, cotton was cationized by treating with Cationon UK(tertiary ammonium salt) and chitosan. Dye uptake of cotton was remarkably increased by cationizing. Cationon UK was more effective than chitosan.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.175-191
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• 2017

In organic chemistry amide synthesis is performed through condensation of a carboxylic acid and an amine with releasing one equivalent of water via the corresponding ammonium carboxylate salt. This method is suffering from tedious processes and poor atom-economy due to the adverse thermodynamics of the equilibrium and the high activation barrier for direct coupling of a carboxylic acid and an amine. Most of the chemical approaches to amides formations have been therefore being developed, they are mainly focused on secondary amides. Direct carbonylations of tertiary amines to amides have been an exotic field unresolved, in particular direct carbonylation of trimethylamine in lack of commercial need has been attracted much interests due to the versatile product of N,N-dimethylacetamide in chemical industries and the activation of robust N-C($sp^3$) bond in tertiary amine academically. This review is focused mainly on carbonylation of trimethylamine as one of the typical tertiary amines by transition metals of cobalt, rhodium, platinum, and palladium including the role of methyl iodide as a promoter, the intermediate formation of acyl iodide, the coordination ability of trimethylamine to transition metal catalysts, and any possibility of CO insertion into the bond of Me-N in trimethylamine. In addition reactions of acyl halides as an activated form of acetic acid with amines are reviewed in brief since acyl iodide is suggested as a critical intermediate in those carbonylations of trimethylamine.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2008

The ion exchangers supported on silica gel containing primary, secondary, or tertiary amine groups show a behaviour that is weakly acidic, while the quaternary salts are strongly acidic. These properties change according to the hydrophilicities of the modifier functional groups. Ammonium salt derivatives supported on silica gel were prepared from silica modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysiliane and N-3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propylehtylene diamine. The preparation and the ion exchange properties of two systems were discussed. Two systems have different hydrophilicities and contain ammonium chloride derivatives of 3-amminopropyltriethoxysilane and N-3-(triehtoxysilyl)propyl ethylene diamine supported on silica gel, $SA^+/Cl^-$ and $SA^+/Cl^-$, respectively. The high affinity to perchlorate ion presented by the $SA^+/Cl^-$ through the equilibrium studies of ion exchange led us to its application as an ion selective electrode for the perchlorate ion. The determination of the perchlorate ion in the presence of other anions and in complexes is very difficult. Few analytical methods are available and most of them are indirect. Both materials showed potential use as an ion exchanger; they are thermically stable, achieve equilibrium rapidly in the presence of suitable exchanger ions, and are easily recovered.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.231-239
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• 1997

We developed a procedure that can effectively separate and determine tertiary amines and quaternary ammonium salts in some samples with reverse phase ion-pair high performance chromatography, employing indirect spectrophotometric detection method. Detection and ion-pairing reagents used in this study were benzyl trimethylammonium chloride (BTMACl) and sodium dodecyl sulfate(DDSANa), respectively. Eluting the electrolyte solutions of some commercial electrolytic capacitors with a MeOH(40):water(60) eluent (pH 8.5 adjusted with NH4Cl-NH3 buffer) containing 0.010M DDSANa and 0.004 M BTMACl through Supelco LC-18 or ${\mu}$-Bondapak phenyl column, amines and ammonium salts contained in the sample were successfully separated and determined. Varying the composition, especially the content of quaternary ammonium salts, of electrolyte solutions based on this analysis. we could prepare the low impedance(0.08~0.13) electrolytic capacitors with excellent electrical properties and it was a confirmation that the analysis is favorable.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.40-45
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• 1993

A solvent extraction system of copper-thiocyanate complex into various types of alkylamines such as secondary, tertiary and quaternary ammonium salt for the determination of trace copper by atomic absorption spectrometry is presented. The maximum extraction of copper shows at 0.1 M-thiocyanate and single extraction with 10 ml of 1% amine-MIBK from 50 ml of aqueous solution is enough to be quantitative for micro amounts of copper. The effect of amine diluents and of diverse ions are also examined.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.743-748
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• 1994

Photochemical reactions of saccharin with tertiary amines were explored. Saccharin was found to undergo an acid-base reaction with N-trimethylsilylmethyl-N,N-diethyl amine to form N-trimethylsilylmethyl-N,N-diethyl ammonium saccharin salt which is in equilibrium with free saccharin and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-N,N-diethyl amine insolution. Photoreaction of N-trimethylsilylmethyl-N,N-diethyl ammonium saccharin in $CH_3OH\;or\;CH_3CN$ results in the generation of desilylmethylated product, N,N-diethyl ammonium saccharin mainly along with benzamide. Photoreaction of N-methylsaccharin with N-trimethylsilylmethyl-N,N-diethyl amine in $CH_3OH$ leads to the production of o-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-N-ethylbenzenesulfonamid e as the major product along with N-methylbenzamide as the minor product. On the other hand, photoreaction of N,N,N-triethyl ammonium saccharin, generated from saccharin and triethylamine, produces N-methylbenzamide as the exclusive product. These photoreactions are quenched by oxygen indicating that triplets of saccharin and N-methylsaccharin are the reactive excited states. Based on the consideration of the redox potentials of saccharin and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-N,N-diethyl amine, and the nature of photoproducts, pathways involving initial triplet state single electron transfer are proposed for photoreactions of the saccharins with the ${\alpha}$-silylamine.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.387-393
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• 1994

Quantitative analytical conditions for chromium using solvent extraction followed by atomic absorption spectrometry was studied. Trioctylamine(TOA) in tertiary amine or Trioctylmethylammoniumchloride(TOMAC) in quaternary ammonium salt, both containing octyl group was used as an anion exchangers. Absorbance were measured for the different kinds of acid added and as changing the concentration of acid by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The maximum absorbance was obtained at the concentrations of HCl, 0.1M to 0.3M for TOA and 0.03M to 0.1M for TOMAC. Mole ratios over 1:1 of TOA or TOMAC dissolved in MIBK solution to chromium in sample shows optimum extraction efficiency while HCl was added to the MIBK. As a result of scrutinizing the extraction process, the methods employed in this experiment turned out to be better extraction efficiency for chromium, compared to similar extraction methods.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.473-477
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• 2004

Cotton fabric was treated with Cationon UK(tertiary ammonium salt) to improve the dyeability to black tea colorants. In order to investigate the efficacy of Cationon UK for improving dyeing properties of cotton fabric, the effect of Cationon UK treatment conditions and dyeing conditions on dye uptake of the cotton fabrics treated with Cationon UK were examined and the colorfastness to washing, perspiration, rubbing and light was also evaluated for practical uses. Cationized cotton treated with Cationon UK showed high dye uptake at lower dyeing concentration and shorter dyeing time, compared with untreated. Dyeing temperature did not affect significantly dye uptake and the maximum dye uptake was obtained at pH 5. Most colorfastness was relatively good, showing 4/5∼5 rating.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.397-402
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• 2006

We have investigated the effect of each ingredient in the light diffusing film (LDF) which was used as backlight unit (BLU) of TFT-LCD TV on physical, electrical, thermal and optical properties of LDF. In anti-blocking layer, the excellent anti-blocking ability was obtained when 0.5~1.5 wt% of acrylic bead was added, and good decay-time and water-stability were shown when 0.8 wt% of tertiary ammonium salt was added. Optimal results for adhesion strength, curing rates and flexibility on the surface of PET film have been obtained in the light diffusing layer by using acrylic polyol as a binder resin, and by addition of 30~35 wt% non-yellowing type HDI crosslinker. In addition, the highest normal luminance value was obtained by addition of 250 wt% poly-dispersive polystyrene ($20{\mu}m$ PS) and polymethylmethacrylate ($20{\mu}m$ PMMA) beads into the binder resin (100 wt%). The higher normal luminance could be got for PMMA beads than PS beads because of the transmittance difference.