• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.784-796
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• 2010

Consumers focus on information about the symbolic meaning of a product for highly involved and emotional products (such as cosmetic products). This study examines the effectiveness of the congruence between cosmetics advertising image and self-image on consumer attitudes. In addition, this study examines two additional moderating effects, which are 'product type' and 'message type'. For the experiment, four advertizing type factorial designs were performed. A total of 320 undergraduate female students in Korea participated in the experiment. This study captured the subjective judgments of consumers on these three comparisons in terms of advertizing attitude, brand attitude, and purchase intention. The results are as follows: First, the greater the self-congruity on cosmetic advertising, then the greater the effectiveness on advertizing attitude. Second, the increased self-congruity on cosmetic advertising did not create greater effectiveness on brand attitude. Third, increased advertizing attitudes on the congruence between cosmetics advertising image and self-image increased the effectiveness on brand attitude. Fourth, increased advertizing attitudes on the congruence between cosmetics advertising image and self-image improved the effectiveness on purchase intention. Fifth, the greater the brand attitude (on the congruence between the cosmetics advertising image and the self-image produced)increased the effectiveness for purchase intention. The results show a significant moderating role of the product type. Marketers can use the results of this study to understand the market of cosmetic products for promotion.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.95-107
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study compared two measures of traffic flow effectiveness on roads with roundabouts and signalized intersections and determined the more appropriate measure. METHODS : In addition to average delay time, the conventionally used measure, average travel time was introduced to measure traffic flow effectiveness because it is able to be obtained through field survey and reflect different travel distances and speed limits of roundabouts and signalized intersections. Using the two measures, roundabouts and signalized intersections were compared through simulations in terms of traffic flow effectiveness. RESULTS : For one-way single-lane roads, the two measures indicated consistent results that roundabouts were more effective than were signalized intersections when the traffic volume was less than 300 vphpl but vice versa when it exceeded 450 vphpl; however, the measures yielded inconsistent results when the volume was 350~400 vphpl. For one-way double-lane roads, the two measures indicated consistent results that roundabouts were more effective than were signalized intersections when the volume was less than 200 vphpl but vice versa when it exceeded 400 vphpl; however, the measures yielded inconsistent results when the volume was 250~350 vphpl. The results obtained using the two measures differed substantially for double-lane roads because behaviors such as weaving and lane changing at roundabouts are more common in double-lane roads than in single-lane roads. CONCLUSIONS : The average delay time would be lower on roads with roundabouts, but average travel time would be lower on roads with signalized intersections. Thus, evaluating the relative effectiveness of roads with roundabouts and signalized intersections by using average delay time alone would be inappropriate, whereas using average travel time as the evaluation index would yield fairer results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.78-84
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• 2016

Weapon, command, and communication system have been continually developed in the Korean military since last several decades. However, it is always asked to make a more effort on improving the ability of combat capability through people in order to achieve and maximize military power. In terms of improving the battlefield leadership, this research focused on ROTC(Reserve Officers'Training Corps), because the training junior officers lays a great foundation on basic strength of the military. This study theoretically and empirically examined the ROTC's quality and effectiveness of leadership. The proposed research model and hypotheses are mainly composed of four factors: personality, esprit de corps, and professionalism as independent variables; leadership effectiveness as a dependent variable. The empirical result revealed that esprit de corps, professionalism, and personality have a meaningful influence on leadership effectiveness. It is suggested that an ongoing training and education program of leadership for ROTC should be applied for achieving a better leadership effectiveness on the battlefield.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.159-164
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• 2003

The purpose of this article is to comparatively depict the organizational effectiveness of two rail firms based on the cognitive response of employees(group of drivers). To attain this purpose, several aspects of current personnel and organization management system and organizational culture are surveyed through questionaire and analyzed by SPSS. The questionaire includes two parts of items. First, it includes items on personnel-related factors such as evaluation system, job, wage, role, leadership and job satisfaction. Second, it includes items on organizational culture model suggested by Rousseau. The major findings are : 1) In general, the cognitive response of drivers in two firms concerning personnel-related aspects is to a certain degree negative. 2) The cognitive response of drivers in two firms concerning culture-related aspects is also awfully negative. 3) Job satisfaction of drivers in the firm A is highly related to role and leadership factors in terms of personnel-related aspects, on the one hand, and to achievement factor in terms of culture, on the other hand. In case of the firm B, job satisfaction of drivers is highly related to personnel evaluation factor as well as role and leadership factors in terms of personnel-related aspects, on the one hand, and to affiliation, power, and bureaucracy factors in terms of culture, on the other hand.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.15-34
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• 2021

Text clustering is one of the most commonly used methods for detecting themes or types of documents. Text clustering is used in many fields, but its effectiveness is still not sufficient to be used for the understanding of Arabic text, especially with respect to terms extraction, unsupervised feature selection, and clustering algorithms. In most cases, terms extraction focuses on nouns. Clustering simplifies the understanding of an Arabic text like the text of the Quran; it is important not only for Muslims but for all people who want to know more about Islam. This paper discusses the complexity and limitations of Arabic text clustering in the Quran based on their themes. Unsupervised feature selection does not consider the relationships between the selected features. One weakness of clustering algorithms is that the selection of the optimal initial centroid still depends on chances and manual settings. Consequently, this paper reviews literature about the three major stages of Arabic clustering: terms extraction, unsupervised feature selection, and clustering. Six experiments were conducted to demonstrate previously un-discussed problems related to the metrics used for feature selection and clustering. Suggestions to improve clustering of the Quran based on themes are presented and discussed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6D
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• pp.775-789
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• 2008

The Office for Government Policy Coordination announced in 2006, september that a scheme of pre-signal would show remarkable outcome to reduce traffic accidents. Therefore, the Ministry recommended applying preferentially the pre-signal scheme to enhancement projects for high accident frequency areas. In case that the suggested pre-signal was unilaterally introduced to the enhancement projects at intersections, it might rather cause a big trial and error in terms of traffic safety. Hence, on the basis of quantitative analysis, this study was to indicate a pre-signal's effectiveness to reduce the traffic accidents, to illustrate a trend of the accident type due to the pre-signal, and to introduce intersection type that could be appropriate for the pre-signal. The methodology adopted Comparison-Group Method which was developed by Hauer. Through this methodology, overall effectiveness to reduce the accidents is considered positive but individual effectiveness by intersection and by accident case was different. All cases of the accidents at small scale intersection demonstrated positive results to reduce its accidents, while in case of frontal collision and side-right angle collision out of the accident types, the installation of pre-signal rather caused a negative result increasing the accident in terms of the traffic safety. I hope that this study would be a useful reference for future development of the estimation of accident effectiveness. Thus, when the pre-signal is being installed in the big intersection, it is recommended operating the installation concerning carefully improvements about muliple aspects as traffic operation, traffic facility, human factor etc.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.335-351
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was twofold; one was to investigate the elderly people's educational needs on successful aging(Study 1), and the other was to construct the educational program for successful aging and evaluate its effectiveness(Study 2). For Study 1, data were collected with structured questionnaires from the 166 elderly people participating in the government job creation projects for the aged in Gwangju and analyzed using frequency analysis and means-of-different tests. It was found that most of the elderly people strongly desired the education successful aging in terms of health care, finance, social participation, leasure, social network and self acceptance. In Study 2, the educational program for successful aging was constructed based on the results of Study 1 and the effectiveness of the program was evaluated using one-group pretest-posttest experimental design. Data were collected from 34 voluntary participants in the program before and after the implementation of the program and analyzed using the paired samples t-test technique. It was found that the program had a positive effect on the improvement of the elderly people's understanding of successful aging in terms of health care, finance, social participation, leasure, social network and self acceptance. Based on these results, the implementation of the educational program designed in this study was recommended to improve the elderly people's quality of life and the directions for future research were advanced. successful aging, educational needs, educational program, effectiveness.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.783-793
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to apply the machine and deep learning methodology on error terms which are continuously auto-generated on the sensors with specific time period and prove the improvement effects of power generator prediction diagnosis system by comparing detection ability. Methods: The SVM(Support Vector Machine) and MLP(Multi Layer Perception) learning procedures were applied for predicting the target values and sequentially producing the error terms for confirming the detection improvement effects of suggested application. For checking the effectiveness of suggested procedures, several detection methodologies such as Cusum and EWMA were used for the comparison. Results: The statistical analysis result shows that without noticing the sequential trivial changes on current diagnosis system, suggested approach based on the error term diagnosis is sensing the changes in the very early stages. Conclusion: Using pattern of error terms as a diagnosis tool for the safety control process with SVM and MLP learning procedure, unusual symptoms could be detected earlier than current prediction system. By combining the suggested error term management methodology with current process seems to be meaningful for sustainable safety condition by early detecting the symptoms.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.374-385
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• 2022

In order to investigate the application of 3D base-seismic isolation system in nuclear power plants (NPPs), comprehensive analysis of constitution and design theory for 3-dimensional combined isolation bearing (3D-CIB) was presented and derived. Four different vertical stiffness of 3D-CIB was designed to isolate the nuclear island (NI) building. This paper aimed at investigating the isolation effectiveness of 3D-CIB through modal analysis and dynamic time-history analysis. Numerical results in terms of dynamic response of 3D-CIB, relative displacement response, acceleration and floor response spectra (FRS) of the superstructure were compared to validate the reliability of 3D-CIB in mitigating seismic response. The results showed that 3D-CIB can significantly attenuate the horizontal acceleration response, and a fair amount of the vertical acceleration response reduction of the upper structure was still observed. 3D-CIB plays a significant role in reducing the horizontal and vertical FRS, the vertical FRS basically do not vary with the floor height. The smaller the vertical stiffness of 3D-CIB is, the better the vertical isolation effectiveness is, whereas, it will increase the displacement and the rocking effect of superstructure. Although the advantage of 3D-CIB is that the vertical stiffness can be flexibly adjusted, it should be designed by properly accounting for the balance between the isolation effectiveness and displacement control including rocking effect. The results of this study can provide the technical basis and guidance for the application of 3D-CIB to engineering structure.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 1973

This thesis intends to make a study on the effectiveness of Nursing Professors through perceptual psychological approach. Purpose of the Study Researches have been made relating teacher′s effectiveness measurement. However, they share a common defect that they have been done on the basis of superficial aspects of the problems aspects that can bi measured by general objective survey only, but this study is designed "to understand his behavior in terms of a human behaving and of a self as an instrument"-principle, based upon the Perceptual Psychology which puts more stress on the inner perception than on the external one. Method of the Study This thesis is based chiefly on the two sources : "Perceptual Orientation Scale"(Chunghoon Choy, 1971) which has been standardized on the basis of perceptual psychology and the question acres made by the researcher of this thesis and given to the 34 Nursing Professors in seoul and other country. Result of the Study The method of data operation by Pearson "r" asserts that there were distinct deep relation Between Perceptual orientation and fellow′s estimate, while a little relation among the estimate of a-administration, educational backgrounds and occupations but no relations the status of experiences. It can be concluded that the estimates between fellows working at "the same fields" have kept deep relations together on perceptual orientation which resulted from finding out a useful method to measure occupational effectiveness according to the perceptual field. Conclusion of the Study The personnel administration has been managed according to external flatus and not positive operation: on the other hand, this study holds, It shall be operated in accordance with the estimates by fellow, the "Preceptual Orientation Scale" for more positive ability. The study requires the following researches on the devoted professional occupations, such as medical doctors, teachers, nurses, etc. for the purpose of increasing their occupational effectiveness more scientifically.