• 벤처창업연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

창업 또는 기업정신이란 기업가가 되는 활동을 말하며, 혁신을 수행하는 사람 또는 새로운 것을 도입해 혁신을 경제적 재화로 바꾸는 활동을 말한다. 기업가정신의 대표적 형태로는 창업이 있으며, 최근 이 개념이 사회적, 정치적 형태의 기업가적 활동으로 확대되고 있다. 대학들의 창업교육에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 교육부의 산학협력선도대학 사업을 중심으로 61개 대학에 창업교육센터가 설립되었다. 초기단계인 창업교육센터는 누가, 무엇을, 어떻게 할지에 대한 논의가 필요한 시점이다. 이에 미국의 카우프만센터의 사례를 토대로 우리에게 주는 시사점을 정리하고, 향후 필요한 방향을 정리하고 있다. 고려할 사항으로는 센터의 경영구조, 어떤 프로그램과 활동을 제공할 것인가, 구성원들이 창업교육을 인식하고 흥미를 느끼고 참여하도록 할 것인가, 지속가능한 창업교육센터가 되기 위한 조건 등이 있다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 먼저 창업교육에서 창업에 대한 정의를 보다 폭넓게 해야 하며, 다양한 교재와 과목들을 개발해야 하고, 가르칠 코치진의 양성, 지속적인 센터 리더십 확보 등이 요구된다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 우리나라와 일본의 초등학교 수학 교과서에서의 각 및 각도 지도 내용을 비교했다. 이러한 비교로부터 다음 다섯 가지를 우리나라 초등학교 수학과 교육과정 및 그에 따른 교과서에서의 각 및 각도 지도 내용 개선을 위한 시사점으로 제시한다. 첫째, 각의 정의 방식을 재고할 필요가 있다. 초등학교 수학에서 각을 정의할 때 이외에는 반직선을 사용하는 경우가 없고, 각을 정의하는 방식과 직각을 정의하는 방식은 일관되지 않는다. 둘째, 평면도형의 이동에서 돌리기를 $90^{\circ}$, $180^{\circ}$, $270^{\circ}$, $360^{\circ}$와 관련짓는 것을 고려할 필요가 있다. 이 둘을 관련시키는 것은 5학년에서 점대칭도형을 취급하는 것과도 연결된다. 셋째, 각의 크기 비교에서 '각의 크기가 같다'를 취급할 필요가 있다. 이것은 각의 크기를 비교하면서 두 각을 겹쳐보는 활동을 해 보는 것으로 가능하다. 넷째, 회전각의 도입을 고려할 필요가 있다. 회전각으로서의 $360^{\circ}$를 취급하는 것은 사각형의 내각의 크기의 합이 $360^{\circ}$임을 설명하는 것과 관련이 있다. 다섯째, 중학교 수학과 교육과정과 연계될 필요가 있다. '평각'은 중학교에서 사용하는 용어이다. 정다각형의 내각의 크기의 합을 구하는 것도 중학교에서 취급해야 하는 내용이다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2020

Drought is considered as a devastating hazard that causes serious agricultural, ecological and socio-economic impacts worldwide. Fundamentally, the drought can be defined as temporarily different levels of inadequate precipitation, soil moisture, and water supply relative to the long-term average conditions. From no unified definition of droughts, droughts have been divided into different severity level, i.e., moderate drought, severe drought, extreme drought and exceptional drought. The drought severity classification defined the ranges for each indicator for each dryness level. Because the ranges of the various indicators often don't coincide, the final drought category tends to be based on what the majority of the indicators show and on local observations. Evaporative Stress Index (ESI), a satellite-based drought index using the ratio of potential and actual evaporation, is being used as a index of the droughts occurring rapidly in a short period of time from studies showing a more sensitive and fast response to drought compared to Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). However, ESI is difficult to provide an objective drought assessment because it does not have clear drought severity classification criteria. In this study, U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM), the standard for drought determination used in the United States, was applied to ESI, and the Percentile method was used to classify drought categories by severity. Regarding the actual 2017 drought event in South Korea, we compare the spatial distribution of drought area and understand the USDM-based ESI by comparing the results of Standardized Groundwater level Index (SGI) and drought impact information. These results demonstrated that the USDM-based ESI could be an effective tool to provide objective drought conditions to inform management decisions for drought policy.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.435-445
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• 2020

본 연구는 동양의 건강관리 핵심으로 사용되고 있는 양생에 대한 개념 분석연구로서 속성을 확인하고 명확한 개념의 정의를 확립하고자 시도되었다. 이를 위해 Walker와 Avant의 개념 분석 방법을 사용하였다. 문헌 고찰에서 나타난 선행요인은 건강한 삶을 위해 규칙적인 생활습관이 필요하고, 신체적·정신적 건강을 도모하여 삶에서 위험요인을 개선하는 것이었다. 분석 결과는 첫째, 질병 예방으로 장수, 둘째, 주관적 건강감, 셋째, 삶의 질 향상이었다. 이는 일상의 긍정적인 생활습관으로 질병을 예방·치료하고, 건강한 삶의 질을 추구하는 도구로 정의된다. 양생의 선행요인을 해결하기 위해 기존 양생 측정도구의 재평가로 양생의 속성과 한국적 문화를 반영하고 독자성이 인정된 실제 적용 가능한 새로운 도구 개발을 모색하는 연구가 필요함을 제언한다. 이 연구를 통해 모호한 포괄성과 추상성을 보여주는 속성을 규명하고 정의함으로써 간호 현장과 실무에서 실용적 간호 중재 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있음에 의의가 있다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.264-274
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• 2013

This study investigates long-term trends and characteristics of aerosol light scattering coefficient at Seoul and Baengnyeongdo in order to understand aerosol optical and radiative properties around Korea. The analysis period is limited to one year of 2011. First, the aerosol scattering coefficients (${\sigma}_{sp}$) of both sites show strong linear dependence on the $PM_{2.5}$ mass concentrations with significant correlations between both. Further, correlations and sensitivity between ${\sigma}_{sp}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ increase with relative humidity, implying both relationships are strongly dependent upon moisture amounts in the atmosphere. This study applied 3-step careful quality control procedures to the analysis of ${\sigma}_{sp}$ for the insurance of data confidence. For the relationship analysis of extinction coefficients (${\sigma}_{ext}$) to visibility and aerosol optical depth, ${\sigma}_{sp}$ observed at 3 p.m. have been used with help of aerosol absorption coefficients (${\sigma}_{ap}$) in order to remove its dependence upon relative humidity, and also those of rainy period have been excluded. As expected, ${\sigma}_{ext}$ estimated are inversely proportional to visibility observation by eye. Finally, aerosol extinction coefficients have been vertically integrated with an assumption of nearly well-mixed within an e-folding height to determine aerosol optical depth, and compared with those retrieved from sunphotometer. The results show a reasonable agreement in spite of an inherent difference of each definition. We expect these findings would help to eventually understand aerosol radiative forcing and its effect on the regional climate change around Korea.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.292-302
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• 2011

본 연구는 직장인 남성 근로자를 대상으로 12주 심혈관질환예방 중재프로그램이 신체계측, 혈중지질 및 아디포사이토카인, 영양소 섭취상태에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 파악하고자 성인 남성 157명을 대상으로 실시되었다. 중재프로그램 전과 후를 비교 분석한 결과, 체중감량, 혈중지질 농도 및 인슐린 저항성 개선과 아디포사이토카인의 농도가 개선 되는 등 심혈관질환 위험 인자에 바람직한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 아디포넥틴은 HDL-콜레스테롤, HOMA-IR과 연관성을 보였고, 렙틴은 허리둘레, 레지스틴은 HDL-콜레스테롤, HbA1c, 열량섭취와 연관성이 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 연구에서처럼 12주 심혈관질환 예방 중재프로그램 수행 후에, 신체계측, 혈중 지질 농도 및 아디포사이토카인 농도가 효과적으로 개선됨을 알 수 있었고, 심혈관질환 위험 인자와 아디포사이토카인과의 연관성을 파악할 수 있었다. 향후에는 직장인 남성 근로자를 대상으로 심혈관질환 예방을 위한 전향적 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국기록관리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.141-165
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• 2012

2004년 9월 '국회전자문서시스템'이 도입된 이래, 국회 전자기록물 생산은 매년 급증하고 있다. 2011년 9월 현재 '국회기록관리시스템'이 인수받은 전자기록물은 전체 이관기록의 72%인 24만여 건에 달한다. 하지만 국회 전자기록물의 장기적 관리와 보존을 책임져야 할 국회 전자기록물 관리체계는 많은 문제점을 노정하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 국회전자기록물의 효율적 관리와 보존을 위해 전자기록물 관리체계의 개선이 시급하다는 인식 아래, 이에 대한 개선방안을 논의하는 데 목적을 둔다. 이론 연구로서 의회기록의 정의와 관리체계의 변화를 살펴보고, 우리 국회의 전자기록물관리 현황을 법령, 관리주체, 관리대상, 관리시스템 연혁, 관리시스템 프로세스, 관리시스템 기능의 영역으로 나누어 분석한다. 이를 바탕으로 국회기록보존소를 중심으로 한 국회 전자기록물 관리체계를 해외 의회기록관리기관의 사례와 함께 비판적으로 분석한다. 결론에 갈음하여, 국회 기록관리주체의 독립성 전문성 강화, 관리대상 기록물의 확대 통합, 법령 개정, 시스템 고도화라는 4가지 개선방안을 법제도 영역과 시스템 영역으로 크게 구분하여 제안한다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-77
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• 2012

Competence-competence refers to an arbitratorpower to determine whether he or she has jurisdiction to decide a controversy. Although arbitrators power to rule on their own jurisdiction is generally recognized throughout the world, in the United States, neither the courts nor legislative bodies have recognized its significance or the reasoning behind its widespread adoption. Section 3 of the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) is notorious among arbitration statues for its failure to incorporate competence-competence. When courts rule on an issue of competence-competence, it is referred to as a question of who decides the arbitrability of the case. In the United States, the use of competence-competence as a term of art is still limited to scholarly writings. The answer to the competence-competence inquiry is found in an interpretation of section 3 of the FAA which empowers the courts to decide arbitrability issues. The cases of the Supreme Court and most commentators interpreted sections 2 and 3 of the FAA as conferring issues of arbitrability on the federal courts, including the ability to rule on the validity and scope of the arbitral agreement. Traditionally, United States courts have denied the competence-competence to arbitral tribunal. Recently, however, they have confounded the rules by placing primary importance on the arbitration agreement between the parties. The Supreme Court, in a series of cases, has underscored the necessity of giving full effect to the intentions of the parties as expressed in their agreement to arbitrate. The result of the Supreme Court's emphasis on contractualism in determining the issue of arbitrability is most evident in the Courtdecision in the First Options case. Under First Options, courts are to decide arbitrability issues unless there is a clear and unmistakable contractual assignment of these issues to the tribunal itself. The Court is appraised that it has attempted to compromise between contractual freedom in the arbitration setting and the rule of law that is necessary in a society that depends on the concept of ordered liberty. In the decision in Howsam, the Court clarified the definition of arbitrability by attempting to draw a clear line between questions of arbitrability that are to be decided by courts and those matters that bear on the allocation of decisions between courts and arbitrators but are not questions of arbitrability.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.40-61
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to promote the efficiency of the management of the controls organization in the university hospitals and general hospitals by evaluating the factors underlying organizational conflict. The subject population included 351 hospital workers randomly selected from two general hospitals of less than 200 beds and two university hospitals over 500 beds in Seoul area. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. To define related factors for the level of conflict among departments in each hospitals multivariate regression analysis was conducted. Independent factors were characteristics of subjects, conflicting factors between the departments. The results are as follows: 1. Those in high job position group demonstrated significantly higher level of conflict between departments. Those working in the general hospitals, who were older and had long-term tenure at current working hospital had higher level of conflict between the departments. 2. Concerning the involvement of conflicting factors and the level of conflict in the employees' there was statistically significant positive correlation between reliability and job-related and intradepartmental level of conflict in university hospitals. There was a significant positive correlation between interdepartmental conflicting factors of mutual dependence, difference in goal/orientation and interdepartmental level of conflict. 3. In the university hospitals, among the interdepartmental factors, mutual dependence and difference in goal/orientation had statistically significant influence and showed a positive relationship with interdepartmental level of conflict. In the general hospitals, job position was a significant factor which showed that those in high position such as section chief or above, compared to those in general position had higher level of conflict. Among the interdepartmental characteristics, factors of mutual dependence and goal/orientation had statistically significant influence and showed a positive relationship with interdepartmental level of conflict. In the general hospitals setting efforts to reduce conflict in areas among workers with high position, old age, and long tenure and those in medical care department should be made and prudent management and planning for improved manpower and increased budget or efficient allocation and clear definition of job description are necessary to adequately assess. In the university hospitals setting efforts to reexaminitation of the organizational structure and efficiency conveyance of information and efforts to resolve conflict among young workers with lower level of education is need. This study has its own merit in comparing empirically the conflict among hospital workers in the university hospitals and general hospitals. Future study are needed with respect to the relationship between interdepartmental level of conflict and the effectiveness of the hospital organization for improved resolution of conflict in the organization and hospital management.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2014

As personal data breach reared up as a problem domestically and globally, organizations appointing chief privacy officers (CPOs) are increasing. Related Korean laws, 'Personal Data Protection Act' and 'the Act on Promotion of Information and Communication Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc.' require personal data processing organizations to appoint CPOs. Research on the characteristics and role of CPO is called for because of the importance of CPO being emphasized. There are many researches on top management's role and their impact on organizational performance using the Upper Echelon theory. This study investigates what influence the characteristics of CPO gives on the organizational privacy performance. CPO's definition varies depending on industry, organization size, required responsibility and power. This study defines CPO as 'a person who takes responsibility for all the duties on handling the organization's privacy,' This research assumes that CPO characteristics such as role, personality and background knowledge have an influence on the organizational privacy performance. This study applies the part relevant to the upper echelon's characteristics and performance of the executives (CEOs, CIOs etc.) for CPO. First, following Mintzberg and other managerial role classification, information, strategic, and diplomacy roles are defined as the role of CPO. Second, the "Big Five" taxonomy on individual's personality was suggested in 1990. Among these five personalities, extraversion and conscientiousness are drawn as the personality characteristics of CPO. Third, advance study suggests complex knowledge of technology, law and business is necessary for CPO. Technical, legal, and business background knowledge are drawn as the background knowledge of CPO. To test this model empirically, 120 samples of data collected from CPOs of domestic organizations are used. Factor analysis is carried out and convergent validity and discriminant validity were verified using SPSS and Smart PLS, and the causal relationships between the CPO's role, personality, background knowledge and the organizational privacy performance are analyzed as well. The result of the analysis shows that CPO's diplomacy role and strategic role have significant impacts on organizational privacy performance. This reveals that CPO's active communication with other organizations is needed. Differentiated privacy policy or strategy of organizations is also important. Legal background knowledge and technical background knowledge were also found to be significant determinants to organizational privacy performance. In addition, CPOs conscientiousness has a positive impact on organizational privacy performance. The practical implication of this study is as follows: First, the research can be a yardstick for judgment when companies select CPOs and vest authority in them. Second, not only companies but also CPOs can judge what ability they should concentrate on for development of their career relevant to their job through results of this research. Cultural social value, citizen's consensus on the right to privacy, expected CPO's role will change in process of time. In future study, long-term time-series analysis based research can reveal these changes and can also offer practical implications for government and private organization's policy making on information privacy.