• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.187-191
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• 2004

Among 14 medicinal plants selected for the study ethanol (70%) extract of Coptis japonica Makino showed the highest anti-microbial activity against Helicobacter pylori followed by Perilla frutescens var. acuta KUDO, Caesalpinia sappan L. and Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. However, anti-urease activity of methanol (80％) extracts was best for Forsythiae Fructus followed by Caesaipinia sappan L. and Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. In the second fractionation using water, ethyl acetate and butanol more than 90％ of the anti-urease activity was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.89-95
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• 2007

Polygala tenuifolia (PT) is one of the most well-known traditional herbal medicines in Korea which is commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular symptoms. The anti-ischemic effects of PT in isolated rat heart was investigated by analyzing changes in blood pressure, aortic flow, coronary flow, and cardiac output. And, its underlying mechanism was examined by quantitating intracellular calcium content in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. Rats were divided into two groups: an ischemia-induced group without any treatment, and an ischemia-induced group treated with PT. Ischemia of isolated heart was induced by stopping the supply of oxygen and buffer for 10 min. The isolated heart was exposed to PT for the first 5 min of 10 min ischemia. PT treatment significantly prevented the decreases of perfusion pressure, aortic flow, coronary flow, and cardiac output under ischemic conditions. In addition, hemodynamics (except heart rate) of the PT-treated group was significantly recovered 60 min after reperfusion compared to the control group (systolic aortic pressure: 83.3% vs. 64.9%, aortic flow volume: 69.5% vs. 48.7%, coronary flow volume: 77.7% vs. 58.4%, and cardiac output: 71.6% vs. 51.2%, p < 0.01). As for the underlying mechanism, PT significantly prevented intracellular calcium increase which was induced by isoproterenol (p < 0.01), suggesting that the anti-ischemic effect of PT is mediated by inhibition of intracellular calcium increase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1576-1582
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• 2021

Bacterial β-glucuronidase in the intestine is involved in the conversion of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptochecin glucuronide (derived from irinotecan) to 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, which causes intestinal bleeding and diarrhea (side effects of anti-cancer drugs). Twelve compounds (1-12) from Polygala tenuifolia were evaluated in terms of β-glucuronidase inhibition in vitro. 4-O-Benzoyl-3'-O-(O-methylsinapoyl) sucrose (C3) was highly inhibitory at low concentrations. C3 (an uncompetitive inhibitor) exhibited a k_i value of 13.4 μM; inhibitory activity increased as the substrate concentration rose. Molecular simulation revealed that C3 bound principally to the Gln158-Tyr160 enzyme loop. Thus, C3 will serve as a lead compound for development of new β-glucuronidase inhibitors.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.255-259
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• 1993

${\beta}$-Carboline alkaloids of Polygala tenuifolia (Polygalaceae), an expectorant, tonic and sedative drude drug, were determined by HPLC. The alkaloids were separated by RP-18 column with gradient elution of 0.01M potassium phosphate buffer(pH=3.5) and acetonitrile and detected at UV 254nm. Two methods for the preparation of alkaloid fraction were compared. One was solvent extraction method using acid and base, and the other was solid phase extraction with ion exchange resin (Amberlyst 15). A more refined HPLC chromatogram was obtained using the solid phase extraction method. The alkaloidal contents in P. tenuifolia determined by this method were : harman $2.8{\times}10^{-3}%$, norharman $1.7{\times}10^{-3}%$, 1-carbomethoxy-${\beta}$-carboline $1.3{\times}10^{-3}%$, 1-carboethoxy-${\beta}$-carboline $1.4{\times}10^{-3}%$ and perlolyrine $3.3{\times}10^{-3}%$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.316-322
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• 1996

Three medicinal species of the genus Polygala were examined by comparative morphology, anatomy and TLC analysis. They were classified into three species, and distinctly divided into two groups in this study. Group I is composed of P. japonica, P. sibirica and Group II P. tenuifolia. Considered on the relationships between two groups by the differences of leaf shape, adnated part of petal, flower colour, fruit shape etc., Group II may have been independently evolved from the common ancestor by having one raw of palisadelike chlorenchyma under the stem epidermis through the different pathway. It is also suggested that the taxa of Group II appear to be more advanced than those of Group I.

• Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.92-96
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• 2001

seeding rates(1.5,2.0,3.0 and 3.5$\ell$/10a). There were no differences in the yield components such as length of stem and ear diameter of stem number of branch, internode and ear, and yield of fresh and dry stem between the seeding methods with drilling and broadcasting, but yield components such as length of stem and ear, diameter of stem, number of branch, internode and ear, and yield of fresh and dry stem increased with seeding rates of from 2.5$\ell$ /10a to 3.5$\ell$/10a. Therefore potimum rates and methods of sowing were from 2.5$\ell$/10a to 3.5$\ell$/10a with seeding at the drilling and broadcasting.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.124-130
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• 1997

Korean folk medicine 'O-I-Pul' has been used to cure arthritis, neuralgia, leucorrhea, snake-bite, vomiting and diarrhea. With regard to the botanical origin of O-I-Pul, it has been considered to be Sanguisorba species of Rosaceae, but there has no pharmacognostical confirmation on it. Morphological and anatomical examination of Sanguisorba leaves show that 'O-I-Pul' was the leaves of S. Officinalis and S. tenuifolia var. alba.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.74-76
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• 1996

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.95-108
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• 1999

We investigated whether an aqueous extract of Polygala tenuifolia root (PTAE) inhibits secretion of inflammatory cytokines from primary cultures of mouse astrocytes. PTAE dose-dependently inhibited the Tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ $(TNF-{\alpha})$ secretion by astrocytes stimulated with substance P (SP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore also investigated whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion from primary astrocytes by PTAE. Treatment of PTAE to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and SP decreased IL-1 secretion to the level observed with LPS alone. Moreover, incubation of astrocytes with IL-1 antibody abolished the synergistic cooperative effect of LPS and SP. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated the significantly reduced level of the $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA was expressed in astrocytes treated with PTAE. These results suggest that PTAE has an antiinflammatory activity on the central nervous system curing some pathological disease states.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.858-862
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• 2007

The present study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activities and neuroprotective effects of methanolic extracts from Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briquet (STE). STE ($100\;{\mu}g/mL$) showed $43.33\;{\mu}M$ of total phenolic content, 64.43% of radical scavenging activity, and 0.157 of reducing power. In addition, the effect of STE on $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage in human leucocytes was evaluated by the comet assay, where STE was a dose dependent inhibitor of DNA damage induced by $200{\mu}M$ of $H_2O_2$. The protective effect of STE against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage on PC12 cells was investigated by an 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays. After 2 hr of cell exposure to $H_2O_2\;(500\;{\mu}M)$, a marked reduction in cell survival was observed. However, this reduction was significantly prevented by $1-50\;{\mu}g/mL$ of STE. Therefore, these results suggest that STE could be a new antioxidant candidate against neuronal diseases.