• 천문학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.125-128
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• 2006

In order to determine the precise effective temperature and surface gravity of warm stars, all synthetic spectral lines in the wavelength range of $4000-5700{\AA}$ with T=6000-7750 K, and log g=3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 for [M/H]=0.0, $V_{rot}$=10 km $s^{-1}$, and $V_{tubl}$=2 km $s^{-1}$ were calculated using the SYNSPEC package(Hubeny, et al., 1995) and the Kurucz(1995) model. Then, the depth-ratios for all line pairs were investigated and we selected two and six depth-ratios appropriate for the surface gravity and temperature indicators, respectively. We plotted six grids with X- and Y-axes for the depth-ratios of surface gravity and temperature, respectively, for the simultaneous estimation of these two atmospheric parameters. This method was applied to the spectum of $\delta$ Scu for the determination of its temperature and surface gravity simultaneously.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.643-650
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• 2002

It is necessary, in the light of the importance of long-term slope stability problem, to develop a simple method or tool which can figure out the possible failure zone resulted from weathering effect and other factors. The FBG sensor system is used to estimate the correlations between the temperature and the slope in Yunhwajae, and to find a failure zone in slopes effectively. This research is to seek for the correlation between the soil temperature distribution and the strain distribution in a active zone by analyzing the data from the in-situ measurement so that the possible failure zone should be well defined based on the correlation. The zone of high temperature fluctuation can be regarded as one of the possible sliding zone due to the weathering effect while the constant temperature depth of the ground, if exists, would not be relatively affected by the weathering process.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2017

For comparison to the Li-ion battery, evaluating a thermal battery must consider additional variables. The first one is the temperature difference between the battery and its unit cell. Thermal batteries and their unit cells have a temperature difference that is caused by the thermal battery activation mechanism and its shape. The second variable is the electrochemical reaction steps. Most Li-ion batteries have a constant electrochemical reaction at the electrode, and battery voltage is affected when the concentration of Li ions is changed. However, a thermal battery has several steps in its electrochemical reaction, and each step has a different potential. In this study, we used unit cell discharge tests based on interpolating a 4D lookup table to estimate the performance of a thermal battery. From the test results, we derived an estimation algorithm by interpolating the table, which is queried from specified profile groups. As a result, we found less than a 5 percent difference between estimation and experiment at the 1.3 V cut-off time.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2022

정확한 SOC 추정은 배터리 운영 전략을 제시하는 중요한 지표로 많은 연구가 진행되었다. 기존 연구에서 검증을 위해 주로 사용되던 시뮬레이션 방식은 실제 BMS 환경처럼 실시간 SOC를 추정하기 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 실시간 배터리 SOC 추정이 가능한 임베디드 시스템을 구현하고 검증 과정에서 발생 가능한 문제 분석을 목표로 한다. 2개의 라즈베리파이 보드로 구성된 환경은 Simscape 배터리에서 측정된 데이터로 EKF 기반 SOC 추정을 진행한다. 검증 단계에서는 온도에 따라 달라지는 배터리 특성을 고려하여, 다양한 주변 온도에서 결과를 확인하였다. 또 임베디드 환경에서 발생하는 오프셋 오류와 패킷 손실에 대비하여, 문제 상황에서 SOC 추정 성능을 검증하였다. 이를 통해 안정범위의 5%내의 오차를 갖는 실시간 SOC 추정이 가능한 임베디드 시스템 구현을 위한 전략을 제시한다.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2015

The torque shear high strength bolt is clamped normally at the break of pin-tail specified. However, the clamping forces on slip critical connections do not often meet the required tension, as it considerably fluctuates due to torque coefficient dependent on lubricant affected temperature. In this study, the clamping tests of torque shear bolts were conducted independently at indoor conditions and at construction site conditions. During last six years, temperature of candidated site conditions was recorded from $-11^{\circ}C$ to $34^{\circ}C$. The indoor temperature condition was ranged from $-10^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$ at each $10^{\circ}C$ interval. As for site conditions, the clamping force was reached in the range from 159 to 210 kN and the torque value was from 405 to $556 N{\cdot}m$. The range of torque coefficient at indoor conditions was analyzed from 0.126 to 0.158 while tensions were indicated from 179 to 192 kN. The torque coefficient at site conditions was ranged from 0.118 to 0.152. Based on this test, the variable trends of torque coefficient, tension subjected temperature can be taken by statistic regressive analysis. The variable of torque coefficient under the indoor conditions is $0.13%/^{\circ}C$ while it reaches $2.73%/^{\circ}C$ at actual site conditions. When the indoor trends and site conditions is combined, the modified variable of torque coefficient can be expected as $0.2%/^{\circ}C$. and the modified variable of tension can be determined as $0.18%/^{\circ}C$.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2020

The Li-ion battery is considered to be one of the potential power sources for electric vehicles. In fact, the efficiency, reliability, and cycle life of Li-ion batteries are highly influenced by their thermal conditions. Therefore, a novel thermal management system is highly required to simultaneously achieve high performance and long life of the battery pack. Basically, thermal modeling is a key issue for the novel thermal management of Li-ion battery systems. In this paper, as a basic study for battery thermal modeling, temperature distributions inside the simple Li-ion battery pack (comprises of nine 18650 Li-ion batteries) under a 1C discharging condition were investigated using measurement and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation approaches. The heat flux boundary conditions of battery cells for the CFD thermal analysis of battery pack were provided by the measurement of single battery cell temperature. The temperature distribution inside the battery pack were compared at six monitoring locations. Results show that the accurate estimation of heat flux at the surface of single cylindrical battery is paramount to the prediction of temperature distributions inside the Li-ion battery under various discharging conditions (C-rates). It is considered that the research approach for the estimation of temperature distribution used in this study can be used as a basic tool to understand the thermal behavior of Li-ion battery pack for the construction of effective battery thermal management systems.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.703-720
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• 2019

최근 빈번하게 발생하는 이상기온과 기후변화로 인하여 전력수요의 변동성이 커지고 있으며 기온 영향의 증가와 함께 기온변화에 대한 전력수요의 반응은 비선형성과 비대칭성으로 나타나고 있다. 정부 에너지 정책의 변화와 4차 산업혁명의 전개에 따라 기온 효과를 보다 정확하게 추정하고 예측하는 것은 안정적 전력수급 관리를 위하여 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구는 기온변화에 대한 전력수요의 비선형적 반응에 대하여 부분선형모형을 이용하여 분석하고자 한다. 기온변화와 전력수요의 비선형·비대칭적 관계를 측정하기 위하여 Robinson의 double residual 준모수적 추정과 스플라인 추정을 적용하였다. 기상변수와 전력 소비에 대한 시간 단위 고주기 자료를 사용하여 부분선형모형으로 추정한 기온변화와 전력 소비의 관계는 기존 모수적 모형과는 다른 비선형성과 비대칭성을 갖고 있음을 확인하였다. 부분선형모형을 이용하여 얻은 전력수요에 대한 표본내·표본외 예측은 이차함수 모형과 냉난방도일 모형과 비교하여 우수한 예측력을 보였다. Diebold-Mariano 검정결과, 부분선형모형에서 얻은 예측력 향상은 통계적으로 유의하였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2021

본 연구는 기 개발된 풀사료 수량예측모델의 기후정밀도 향상을 위하여 지점별 일평균온도 추정의 가능성을 기상대 자료(종관기상관측지점 75개 와 방재기상관측지점 278개)의 연평균기온 및 월평균기온을 이용하여 검토하였다. 연평균기온과 월평균기온은 각각 정규성 확인, 위치정보(경도, 위도 및 해발고도)와의 상관관계 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 해발고도는 연평균기온 및 월평균기온에도 지속적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 위도는 6월을 제외한 월평균기온에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 경도는 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 및 11월의 월평균기온에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 부터 일평균기온 추정은 경도, 위도 및 해발고도를 이용하여 가능할 것으로 판단하였다. 본 연구에서 전국의 기상자료를 사용하여 일평균기온의 추정은 가능하지만 보다 정확도를 높이기 위해서는 기상자료를 각 시·도로 세분화하여 적용할 필요가 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 1981

This study was performed to determine the correlationship between temperature and overall removals of BOD, SS and to demonstrate the effect of temperature on treatment performance. These data for a period from February 1, 1977 to January 31, 1980 were obtained from the Cheong-Gye Cheon Sewage Treatment plant. The results of correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis were as follows. 1) Secondary effluent BOD and SS showed negative correlationship with water temperature, with correlation coefficient of -0.1710, and -0.1654 respectively. 2) Correlation coefficient of BOD, SS removal rate and water temperature were 0.1823 and 0.0429 respectively. 3) Regresion equation for estimate of BOD removal rate was as follows $\widehat{Y}_1$ (BOD removal rate)=63.9994+0.5442X(water temperature). And BOD removal rate showed non significant change according to the water temperature. 4) Regression equation for estimate of SS removal rate was as follows $\widehat{Y}_2$ (SS removal rate)=61.6881+0.1514X(Water temperature). And SS removal rate showed non significant change according to the water temperature. 5) According to the Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis, water temperature ranked second order in the BOD removal rate estimation and the equation was as follows $\widehat{Y}_1$ (BOD removal rate)=69.7398+0.2665 $X_1$ (Primary effluent BOD)+0.3562 $X_2$ (Water temperature)-0.0122 $X_3(Flow)+4413.271X_4$ (Organic Loading).

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

There is a need to analyze unconfined groundwater behavior since the demand of groundwater use has been increasing. While unconfined groundwater temperature is tend to be affected by air temperature, it is hard to find an empirical study in South Korea. In this research, we try to determine the relationship between daily average air temperature and daily average groundwater temperature by time-sequential analysis of groundwater monitoring wells in Galshin basin in Yesan-Gun, Chungcheongnam-Do. In addition, models to estimate groundwater temperature from air temperature were developed. In this research 101-day moving average method with measured air temperature is used to estimate groundwater temperature. To verify the developed model, estimated values of average groundwater temperature with 101 moving average are compared to the measured data from September 10 2007 to September 9 2008. And, Nash-Stucliff Efficiency and Coefficient of Determination were 0.970 and 0.976, therefore it was concluded that the model allowing groundwater temperature estimation from air temperature is with reasonable applicability.