• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1987

Floristic composition and vertical distribution of Mt. Daedun (western slope) were investigated from 1985 to 1986. The results are as follows; 108 families, 346 genera, 511 species, 2 subspecies, 75 varieties, 5 forma or 593 taxa including 77 cultivars. The floral data showed the ecological characteristics such as the value 346 in Fisher's Index, H-D1-H5 in biological type, 10.9% in urban index of naturalized plants and 60.5% in erect form growth form. Based on the physiognomy and population density of dominant tree species the forest vegetation of Mt. Daedun (western slope) was classified into 5 types; Quercus mongolica forest and Q. variabilis forest at 800m above, Carpinys laxiflora forest and Acer mono forest at 700m to 800m and Sapium japonicum forest at 500m to 800m in altitude. And Lindera erythrocarpa forest and zelkova serrata forest are widely distributed at 400m to 800m in altityde along valley and at mountain foot area.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were to clarify of floristic composition and the landscape structure on the habitats of each Ranunculus plant, which were distributed in Daejeon, Korea. Three taxa were distributed and investigated in this study. Floristic composition of habitats were organized by living in flatten open space needed a lot of sunlight and humidity species. Landscape ecological structure of habitats were defined by soils of coarse loamy and loamy skeletal, slope of under 15$^{\circ}$, under the (five percent of woody coverage at 100-300m above the sea levels. Distribution patterns of Ranunculus plants in Daejeon were presented on the 1km X 1km grid map.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.759-766
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• 2017

한국 남해 연안에 출현하는 춘 하계 어류 자치어 군집의 조성과 분포 특성을 파악하기 위하여 2016년 5월부터 9월까지 남해의 세 해역(여수, 남해, 통영)에서 RN80 네트를 이용해 매월 1회 채집하였다. 조사기간 동안 총 50개 분류군의 자치어가 채집되었고, 이 중 멸치가 전체 출현 개체수의 56.8 %로 가장 우점하였으며, 청보리멸, 청베도라치, 망둑어과 타입A, 청베도라치과, 앞동갈베도라치 등이 각각 2 % 이상의 개체수비를 보여 우점하였으며, 이상 6개 분류군이 전체 출현 자치어의 87.5 %를 차지하였다. ANOSIM 결과 해역 간에 자치어 조성의 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 시기적으로는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 정준대응분석 결과 이러한 자치어 군집의 시기적 변동은 주로 수온 변화에 의한 것으로 나타났다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.125-140
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• 2023

We investigated meiofaunal biofouling (40-1,000 ㎛) on stranded marine plastic debris (hereafter MPD) collected from 8 coastal areas highly affected by plastic pollution located in the southern part of Korea during June, 2021, in order to analyze the abundance and composition of MPD associated organisms. A total of eight shapes of MPD was collected and classified into four types of plastics (LDPE, PET, PP and EPS) based on Resin Identification Coding System. Meiofounal biofouling was identified into 35 taxa belonging to 11 phylum, 10 classes and 12 order, and were numerically dominated by harpacticoids (EPS: 21.6%, PP: 27.1%), nematodes (LDPE: 23.2%) and foraminiferans (PET: 29.6%). Surface area of MPD was negatively correlated with abundances of organisms on the plastic debris (r = -0.487, p < 0.05, n = 24), indicating that abundances (avg. 3,225 inds. 0.1 m^-2) on the smallest area of PP debris (avg. 0.0208 m² ) were higher than those (avg. 50 inds. 0.1 m^-2) on the largest area of LDPE debris (avg. 0.4029 m^-2). Whereas, there was no correlation between surface area of MPD and the number of taxa on the debris (r = 0.147, p = 0.49, n = 24). These results showed that higher abundances of meiofaunal biofouling were observed on the PP material debris than those on the other debris collected from eight hot spots of the southern coastal waters in Korea, associated with not only polymer type and surface area of the PP debris, but also possibly surface microstructure of the PP debris.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2015

한반도에서 산출되는 화석목재의 개요와 고식물학적 의미를 파악하기 위하여 문헌 조사를 통하여 이들을 종합하였다. 한반도에서 보고된 화석목재는 중생대에서 신생대로 갈수록 종수와 다양성이 증가하며 특히 신생대에 급증했다. 전기 중생대에서는 구과류 4속 6분류군이 기재되었는데 이것은 대동식물군의 약 6%에 해당한다. 후기 중생대의 화석목재는 모두 구과류이며 총 7속 15분류군이 기재되었는데, 이것은 낙동식물군의 약 29%에 해당한다. 신제3기의 화석목재는 16과 21속에 속하는 35분류군이 기재되었는데 대부분이 쌍자엽식물이고 다른 시대에 비하여 다양성이 가장 크다. 이것은 장기식물군의 약 83%에 해당한다. 신제3기에 화석목재가 급증한 이유는 식물군의 구성이 쌍자엽식물이 많고, 화석층에 목재 화석화에 적합한 화산쇄설암이 풍부했기 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

• ALGAE
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2016

Blooms of macroalgae have grown over the planet in recent decades as a possible result of eutrophication of coastal waters. Visually, a bloom forming can be identified by dominant presence of an organism at the expense of others. In mid-January 2014, a forming bloom of red algae was detected on the beach of Garopaba, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. This aroused the interest of tourists and locals as well as the scientific community. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize and quantify the photosynthetic floating organisms contributing to this phenomenon. In addition, we qualitatively compared algal composition of the bloom to those deposited in the post-beach area and the adjacent rocky shore community. Five sampling points in random patches of floating material were defined. At each point, five replicates were taken with a cube of 32,768 cm³, resulting in a total of 25 samples. Samples were collected in the inner area enclosed by a PVC quadrate of about 900 cm² from the shore and the specimens found in post-beach zone (wrack). Twenty-four taxa of macroalgae were found in the bloom, with Aglaothamnion uruguayense as the dominance one. Ten taxa were found on shore. Only four taxa were found in the post-beach area. The biomass estimated for A. uruguayense in the floating material was 8.35 tons with an estimated area of 52,770 m² . It is possible that this huge biomass value of the bloom is related to the local nutrient intake, and our results reinforce the necessity of coastal integrative management initiatives.

• ALGAE
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2003

The short-term dynamics of the summer phytoplankton community structure were investigated in coastal waters around Namhae Island, the Southern Sea of Korea. The study was based on a comprehensive survey constituting 39 collections from 13 stations on July 18-22, August 1-2, 14-16 and 27-30, respectively. The community structure was analysed using cluster analysis and important environmental correlates of the assemblage structure were identified with canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Water temperature, salinity, NO₂, NO₃, NH₄, PO₄, chlorophyll a and transparency were measured as physico-chemical environmental factors which may be associated with the phytoplankton community structure. Variations of salinity and concentrations of NO₃ and chlorophyll a were not significant. In addition to warmer water temperature, concentrations of NO₂, NO₄and PO₄ decreased at the beginning of August. And transparency was deeper and water column became very unstable after the middle of August. A wide taxonomic diversity was encountered during the survey, including a total of 121 taxa which was composed of 72 diatoms, 48 dinoflagellates and 1 euglenoid species. Cluster analysis showed that the Phytoplankton community could be divided into 4 distinct groups, indicating rapid changes of the community in the short course of this survey. These phytoplankton groups also showed distinctive dispersion patterns in 2-dimensional canonical space, indicating distinct groupings for stations at each survey. Dominant taxa of diatoms (Chaetoceros curvisetus, Chaetoceros spp., Leptocylindrus danicus, Leptocylindrus mediteraneus, Skeletonema costanum, and Pseudo-nitzschia pungen) clustered in region of CCA space corresponding to stations surveyed at the middle of July. Dominant taxa of dinoflagellates were tightly associated with stations surveyed at the middle (Karenia breve) and end (Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Polykrikos schwartzii) of August. The CCA also showed that the phytoplankton community compositions were highly associated with water temperature, transparency, NO₂, NH₄ and PO₄, suggesting that gradients in physical and nutrient conditions affect short-term changes in phytoplankton composition.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2003

The temporal dynamics of the meiofauna community in Marian Cove, King George Island were observed from January 22 to October 29 1996. Generally, 14 taxa of metazoan meiofauna were found. Nematodes were dominant comprising 90.12% of the community, harpacticoid 6.55%, and Kinorhynchs 1.54%. Meiofauna abundance increased monthly from January to May 1996, while varying in abundance after August 1996. Overall mean abundance of metazoan meiofauna was $2634ind./10cm^2$ during the study periods, which is about as high as that found in temperate regions. Nematodes were most abundant representing $2399ind./10cm^2$. Mean abundance of harpacticoids, including copepodite and nauplius was $131ind./10cm^2$ by kinorhynchs $(26ind./10cm^2)$. The overall abundance of other identified organisms was $31ind./10cm^2$ Other organisms consisted of a total of 11 taxa including Ostracoda $(6ind./10cm^2)$, Polycheata $(7ind./10cm^2)$, Oligochaeta $(8ind./10cm^2)$, and Bivalvia $(6ind./10cm^2)$. Additionally, protozoan Foraminifera occurred at the study area with a mean abundance of $263ind./10cm^2$. Foraminiferans were second in dominance to nematodes. The dominant taxa such as nematodes, harpacticoids, kinorhynchs and the other tua were trained and extensively scattered in the map through the Kohonen network. The temporal pattern of the community composition was most affected by the abundance dynamics of kinorhynchs and harpacticoids. The neural network model also allowed for simulation of data that was missing during two months of inclement weather. The lowest meiofauna abundance was found in August 1996 during winter. The seasonal changes were likely caused by temperature and salinity changes as a result of meltwater runoff, and the physical impact by passing icebergs.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2013

Typical of large, oligotrophic lakes, Lake H$\ddot{o}$vsg$\ddot{o}$l, Mongolia, exhibits complex morphometry which should support a spatially heterogeneous community of benthic macroinvertrates. The lake also exhibits a broad range of land uses. Based on the variation in land use and complex physical habitat of the lake (e.g. substrate variation and presence of affluent streams in bays), we asked two questions. First, does density of total benthic macroinvertebrates vary between different bays in Lake H$\ddot{o}$vsg$\ddot{o}$l? Second, does density of individual benthic taxa vary by bay? Samples collected in 1997, the last year for benthic sampling of the lake, were designed to test for variation in macroinvertebrate density between bays and can now be used to establish baseline variation in density for future studies. A total of 56 Ponar grab samples were analyzed from six bays in Lake H$\ddot{o}$vsg$\ddot{o}$l. Results of a general linear model analysis of variance showed that total density of macroinvertebrates varied only slightly between bays of the lake, but that most individual taxa showed significant variation between bays. Variation in density for most taxa was linked to substrate composition rather than other geographic or physical variables in the lake. Recent increases in grazing intensity and ecotourism along the shores should be managed to reduce the nutrient load into the lake to avoid impairment of the benthic biota of this unique, ancient ecosystem.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.136-159
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of six islands belonging to the Gogunsan Archipelago (i.e., Sinsi-do, Seonyu-do, Munyeo-do, Yami-do, Bian-do, and Duri-do) in the Korean Peninsula. As results of five field surveys from March to October of 2016, we have identified 575 total taxa, representing 527 species, five subspecies, 42 varieties, and one hybrid, placed in 358 genera and 118 families. Of these 575 taxa, four are endemic to Korea, six taxa are listed on the Korean Red List of threatened species, 67 are floristic regional indicator plants, and 74 are invasive alien species. In this study, we compared species richness among the islands, and find that the larger the islands, the higher the species richness. In the case of habitat affinity types, forest species were most common, followed by farmland, seacoast, bare ground and wetland species. From similarity analyses based on the composition of vascular plants, each island did not exhibit either local specificity or unique diversity. On the contrary, the proportion of invasive alien and ruderal species may increase by human activities. Investigations and analyses of island flora such as this are important to assess the current status of the flora, predict future vegetation patterns and the spread of the alien species, and establish managment plans of plant diversity.