• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.363-368
• /
• 1998

Taurine is only supplied to the infants from the breast-fed or formula milks because the enzyme activities of taurine biosynthesis are limited in early stages of infants . The objectives of present study were to quantitate the contents of tarurine in human milk and to estimate the intake of taurine by breast-fed infants during early period of lactation. Thirty -three lactating women, volunteered and delivered in R hospital in Serou. were recruited. Milk samples were collected every day at B1-B5 day(from 1 to 5 day dafter start of milk secretion), 15th and 30th day postpartum. Taurine contents were determined by HPLC equipped with RF-detector. The intake of taurine by infants was estimated by multiplization with the infant milk intake reported in our laboratory. The content of taurine was 406$\pm$174nmol/ml at B1-B5 day, and then gradually decreased to 359$\pm$125nmol/ml at 15th day and to 304$\pm$94nmol/ml at 30th day postpartum. The estimated intake of taurine was almost same as 24-25mg/day at B1-B5 day, and 15th , 30th days postpartum . This results was due to the increase of the intake of milk by infants.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.440-449
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of taurine supplementation on serum lipidperoxide(TBARS), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The subjects were 22 healthy middle-aged women(33 to 54 years). Serum lipids, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), and plasma taurine levels were measured before and after supplying 3 g of taurine per day for 4 weeks. Plasma taurine was analyzed by Dabsyl-Cl(4-dimethylamino azobenzen-4-sulfonyl-chloride) derivatization and reversed-phase HPLC. Serum TBARS was measured by the Yagi method. Daily dietary taurine intake was calculated by food frequency questionnaire method. The weight and height means of the 22 subjects were $57.9{\pm}5.2$ kg and $159.2{\pm}5.2$ cm, respectively. Their percent body fat and waist/hip ratio(WHR) were 26.8% and 0.84, respectively, which were slightly higher than the average for middle-aged Korean women. Serum TC, TG and LDL-C levels tended to decrease after taurine supplementation, but HDL-C was not changed. A positive correlation between plasma taurine and HDL-C was shown after taurine supplementation. The serum TBARS concentration was significantly decreased from $5.05{\pm}0.84nmol/d{\ell}$ to $4.17{\pm}0.64nmol/d{\ell}$ after taking taurine(p<0.01), and the plasma taurine concentration was significantly increased from $63.7{\pm}14.2{\mu}mol/{\ell}$ to $73.8{\pm}16.6{\mu}mol/{\ell}$ after taurine supplementation(p<0.05). The average dietary intake of taurine was $178.5{\pm}50.4$ mg/day, which is similar to the average daily taurine intake of Korean women. In conclusion, taurine is an effective nutrient that antagonizes TBARS levels. Therefore, this study suggests that a sufficient taurine intake may be an effective way to prevent cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.440-448
• /
• 2001

As diverse physiological functions of taurine have been reported, taurine-containing health drinks and products are marketed worldwide for the treatment of various conditions such as improvements of liver, heart and circulatory functions or as an aid to athletic performance. Although animal studies have shown that taurine is fairly safe when supplemented in the diet for an extended period, the effective dose range of taurine for dietary supplements is in controversy. Reports on dietary taurine intakes have been sparse, and would serve as a guideline for determining an appropriate taurine dosage. The present study was aimed to estimate dietary intake level of taurine using the taurine content database of commonly used food stuffs established recently in our laboratory, and also to evaluate plasma concentration and urinary excretion of taurine in adolescents and adults residing in Seoul area. Dietary taurine intakes of the subjects were 219$\pm$16.9mg/day for 16-19 years old(n=123), 177$\pm$18.1mg/day for adults older than 20 years old(n=123). Male subjects(n=115) consumed 216$\pm$21.1mg of taurine/day, while female subjects(n=131) consumed 181$\pm$14.3mg of taurine/day(p<0.05). The level of dietary taurine intake was positively correlated with the levels of dietary intakes of energy, carbohydrate, total lipids, cholesterol, vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, niacin, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium at p<0.01, and with dietary intakes of iron and animal lipids at p<0.05, respectively. Plasma taurine concentration of subjects were 135$\pm$5.9$\mu$mol/L, which is considered to be within a normal range for healthy subjects. The subjects excreted 1158$\pm$72.7nmol/ of tarine mg creatinine in their urine, which is approximated as 150-170mg of taurine/24hr urine based on the assumption that 18mg creatinine/kg/day is excreted in the urine of healthy adults, and this would be about 80% of the daily taurine intake observed in the same subjects. Dietary taurine intake level was positively correlated with plasma taurine concentration, as well as with urinary taurine excretion corrected by creatinine excretion at p<0.05. The present study was the first report of taurine intake, and plasma concentration and urinary excretion of taurine in a Korean population so far, and these results would serve as an index for the future study evaluating taurine status in a diverse population within and outside Korea. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 440~448, 2001)

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.397-404
• /
• 2005

The propose of this study was to investigate taurine intake in formula-fed and breast-fed infants and to estimate the level of taurine of blood and urine in order to determine the requirement of taurine intake in infants. These results will be useful to suggest the guideline of requirement of taurine intake and may contribute toward the proper use of breast milk substitutes. Experimental groups were breast-fed infants (n=10) and formula-fed infants (n=10) of 20 normal delivery infants in general hospital. This study was longitudinal study from birth up to 16weeks (0 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks). The items of test were anthropometry(weight, height, head circumference, chest circumference), intake of taurine, taurine level of blood and urine in breast-fed and formula-fed infants. There were no significant differences between breast-fed and formula-fed infants in weight, height, head and chest circumference. There is a need for future studies of exclusive infants with larger samples to determine which growth pattern should be considered as the norm. Taurine concentration of plasma and urine did not differ between breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Taurine intake recommendations for infants is about 30mg/day from this study. This data will be useful for production of human-like formula milk and suggestion of an index of selection of a consumer in taurine.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.213-220
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the dose effects of taurine supplementation and effects of taurine depletion in diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed the purified diets and supplemented with 1, 2 or 3% taurine in drinking water for 7 weeks(E1, E2 and E3, respectively). To induce taurine depletion, rats were treated with 5% $\beta$-alanine in drinkeng water (EA). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection(50mg/kg B.W) after 3 weeks. Taurine-depleted diabetic rats(EA)had significantly lower body weight compared to those of nondiabetic(CO), nontaurine-supplemented diabetic(E0) and taurine-supplemented diabetic rats(E1, E2 and E3). E0 had significantly higher food intake compared to that of CO and EA. E1, E2 and E3, however, had significantly lower food intake compared to that of E0, and E3 had significantly lower food intake compared to that of E1 and E2. E0 had significantly higher water intake compare to that of CO and EA. EI had significantly lower water intake compared to that of E0. Blood glucose concentration of E0 was significantly increased compared to that of CO and EA. E2 and E3 had significantly lower blood glucose concentration compared to E0 and E1. Also there was a dose effect in blood glucose concentration between E2 and E3. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations of EA were significantly increased compared to those of other groups. Therefore, it may be suggested that taurine supplementation is necessary for diabetes in order to prevent diabetic complications such as cardiac vascular diseases.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary taurine intakes, plasma taurine levels and urinary taurine excretions of women in Seoul(Kangbuk-ku) and Kyunggi(Yeoju) area, Korea. Seventy married women aged 39.7$\pm$8.9 have volunteered for this study: 36 from Seoul area and 34 from Kyunggi area. Diet samples were collected from the participants and the samples included three meals (breakfast, lunch and supper), snacks, drinks and whatever the participants had eaten for 24 hours. The plasma was obtained by allowing a 5 $m\ell$ fasting blood sample to be in a heparinized tube for 30 min and centrifuging it at 11,000${\times}$g for 20 min. The collected diets were blended, centrifuged and deproteinized. Taurine levels in the diet and plasma were determined as the dabsyl derivative using HPLC with Rf-detector. The intake of taurine ranged from 6.8 to 837.8 mg/day and its mean value was l45.5$\pm$164.0 mg/day (mean$\pm$SD). The 90th, 50th and 10th percentile values of the taurine intake were 280.0, 94.3 and 26.8 mg/day, respectively. There was a significant difference between two groups: 202.0$\pm$204.9 for Seoul area and 85.5$\pm$67.2 mg/day for Kyunggi area(p<0.00l). The taurine level in plasma ranged from 42.1 to 201.9 $\mu$mol/L and its mean value was 74.9$\pm$22.8 $\mu$mol/L. The 90th, 50th and 10th percentile values of the plasma taurine were 101.1, 70.7 and 54.6 $\mu$mol/L, respectively. There was no significant difference between Seoul area and Kyunggi area in plasma taurine level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.8
• /
• pp.967-973
• /
• 1993

The longitudianl study on taurine intake of breast-fed infants from Korean lacto-ovo-vegetarian (n=23) and non-vegetarian(n=22) at 3-5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 days postpartum was performed. The taurine content of human milk was analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer (LKB-Alpha plus) and the human milk intak of infants was measured by test weighing method. The mean taurine content of human milk at each postpartum period was 434$\pm$128.362$\pm$, 304$\pm$90, 306$\pm$90, 302$\pm$77, 310$\pm$108, 248$\pm$53 nmol per ml in non-vegetarian and 418$\pm$112, 380$\pm$97, 314$\pm$97, 262$\pm$83, 206$\pm$79, 176$\pm$55, 153$\pm$31 nmol per ml in lacto-ovo-vegetarian, respectively. The content decreased significantly during lactation(p<0.05). The mean tauring intake at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 days postpartum was 195$\pm$94, 202$\pm$74, 212$\pm$54, 177$\pm$43, 137$\pm$47, 132$\pm$35, 106$\pm$15 umol per day in infants of lacto-ovo-vegetarian. Thu taurine content in human milk and the taurine intake of infants were different during lactation between non-vegetarian and lacto-ovo-vegetarian, and the intake per kg body weight during lactaion decreased.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.236-244
• /
• 2018

Taurine has been reported to prevent cardiovascular disease and improve liver function, diabetes, and platelet function. However, there are few studies on the effects of taurine in Koreans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of basal doses of taurine on blood glucose, liver disease, and lipid diseases among Korean college students. The study included a taurine intake group and a control group; each group consisted of 15 students. Taurine was administered at a standard dose of 1,000 mg for 2 weeks postprandial. All subjects were excluded from medication or other food besides meals provided by the dormitory. The liver test gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the taurine group decreased to $23.53{\pm}25.73IU/L$ before intake and to $15.15{\pm}4.91IU/L$ after intake (P=0.186). Lipid metabolite triglyceride (TG) was $100.42{\pm}28.33mg/dL$ before intake and $80.22{\pm}17.08mg/dL$ after intake (P<0.05). Total cholesterol (T-Cho), low density cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Consequently, taurine improved liver function and lipid metabolism. Hematologic tests showed a decrease in segmented neutrophil percentage and an increase in lymphocyte percentage. Thus, taurine also seems to be related to immunological function.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2008

Taurine supplementation has been shown to have an effect on lowering blood lipids in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. It therefore seemed desirable to find out whether the beneficial effect of taurine on OVX rats fed calcium-deficient diet could also be reproduced. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. One group was OVX and the other group received a sham operation (Sham). Each rat group was further divided into the control diet and the taurine supplemented (2.0g/100g diet) diet group. All rats were fed on calcium-deficient diet and deionized water ad libitum for 6 weeks. Plasma and liver lipids were determined by using commercial kits. LDL-cholesterol concentrations were estimated with the equation of Friedewald et al. (1972). There were no significant differences in body weight gain and food intake between the control and taurine group within Sham and OVX groups, but body weight gain, food intake, and food efficiency ratio was higher in the OVX group. Concentrations of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in the taurine fed group of OVX rats fed Ca deficient diet, while HDL-cholesterol concentration was increased in the taurine fed group. Therefore, in this study, we examined whether taurine also prevented hypercholesterolemia induced by ovarian hormone deficiency in ovariectomized rats when they were fed a calcium-deficient diet. These results indicate that taurine may have some beneficial effects on hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in OVX rats fed calcium-deficient diet.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.659-664
• /
• 1999

Male mice (ddY strain) were fed with the chow diet containing 10% sucrose supplemented with orotic acid at the 1% level or/and taurine at the 5% levels for 14 days. The concentrations of triacylglycerol and cholesterol in the liver were significantly lower in the orotic acid group than the control group. When taurine and orotic acid were administered simultaneously, the concentrations of triacylglycerol and cholesterol in the liver were higher and lower, respectively, compared to the orotic acid group. The concentration of triacylglycerol in the serum was higher in the taurine group than that of the control or the orotic acid groups, and the simultaneous supplementation of orotic acid and taurine further enhanced. There were no significantly difference in body weight gain, diary food intake, and the concentrations of serum cholesterol and hepatic phospholipid. These results suggest that dietary taurine stimulated the increasion of hepatic triacylglycerol by orotic acid in mouse.