• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.802-810
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• 2014

This study investigated the quality characteristics of muffins prepared with tagatose. The effect of tagatose were evaluated in terms of height, volume, weight, specific volume, baking loss rate, moisture contents, colorimeter, sensory evaluation, and texture of muffins during storage (1, 3, 5 days) and texture was measured using a texture analyzer. As the ratio of tagatose increased, the volume, specific volume, baking loss rate, and height decreased, whereas moisture content increased. During storage, control without tagatose showed the highest springiness lowest hardness by TPA, whereas hardness of muffins increased and springiness decreased as the contents of tagatose increased. Lightness of crust and crumb decreased significantly as contents of tagatose increased. According to the sensory evaluation, the control group showed the highest score in terms of texture but was not significant with 2% tagatose (T2). For appearance, color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptance, T2 showed the best result.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the quality of bread made with different types of brown rice flours. 20% of the wheat flour from the bread recipe was substituted with the different types of brown rice flours, such as, raw brown rice flour (RBRF), soaked brown rice flour (SOBRF), and sprouted brown rice flour (SPBRF). The loaf volume of the bread: decreased by 3.2%∼7.4% with the addition of the brown rice flours. The "L" value of these breads decreased, while the "a" and "b" values increased. In terms of the texture, the SPBRF bread was the hardest on the 1st day of storage, but it was the least hard on the 5th day of storage. The RBRF bread was the least springy. The SPBRF bread was the most cohesive. The adhesiveness was not significantly different among the breads. In terms of the degree of retrogradation using the ${\alpha}$-amylase method, the SOBRF and SPBRF breads showed a little lesser degree of retrogradation than the control and the RBRF bread. In the sensory evaluation, the control bread obtained high score for crumb color and grain, while the brown rice flours breads obtained high scores for mouthfeel and taste. Overall acceptability, defined by a higher score, was higher for the SOBRF and SPBRF breads than the control bread, which was not significant. Thus, this study showed that processing rice flour was more effective than raw rice flour in substituting wheat flour.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1303-1314
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to compare preferences of consumers between food items made from modified cassava flour and plain flour using sensory tests. This study is a qualitative research with an experimental approach and four food items, namely streamed brownies, cookies, fried mushrooms, and seasoning flour have been used for the study. Each of these food items are made from modified cassava flour and plain flour. Panelists wore blindfolds and tasted the food items except the seasoning flour. Based on the data analysis, the panelists have different preferences towards the four food items. The result of the paired Wilcoxon test showed that there is not any different preference in terms of taste of steamed brownies made from mocaf or plain flour, while there is a significant difference in terms of color, aroma, texture, and appearance between the steamed brownies made from mocaf and plain flour. Consumers decide to buy products made from mocaf because these products use local flour and are gluten-free. This article describes the customer's preference based on sensory analysis between products made from mocaf and ones made from plain flour. The result can be used as the basis for developing food items made from local flour and alternative food for customers allergic to gluten.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.765-771
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• 2003

사용하는 기름의 양과 지지는 시간을 달리하여 제조한 화전의 기계적 특성 및 관능적 특성을 통해 품질 평가를 하였다. 기름 사용량을 달리한 경우, 수분 함량은 기름의 양이 증가함에 따라 유의적(p＜0.001)으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며. 지지는 시간을 달리한 경우 가장 지짐 시간이 길었던 S7의 수분함량이 47.59％로 다른 처리구에 비하여 유의 적으로 낮은 값을 보였다(p＜0.01). 이것은 지짐시간이 길어짐에 따른 수분 손실에 의한 것으로 생각되었다. 흡유율은 기름 사용량을 달리한 경우, S1이 87.5％로 다른 두 처리구에 비하여 유의적(p<0.001)으로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었고 지지는 시간을 달리한 경우 지짐 시간이 길어짐에 따라 흡유율도 유의적(p<0.001)으로 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 색도는 기름의 첨가량이 16g으로 가장 많은 S3의 L값이 낮고 b값은 13.9로서 높게 나타나 기름량이 많아질수록 화전을 지질 때 충분한 열전도가 이루어져 골고루 잘 지져졌기 때문인 것으로 생각되었다. 한편, 지짐 시간을 달리하여 만든 화전의 색도변화는 다른 두 처리구에 비하여 S6과 S7이 전반적으로 b값이 높은 것은 지지는 시간이 길어짐에 따라 잘 지져졌기 때문인 것으로 생각되었다. Two bite compression test에 의한 텍스쳐 특성치를 살펴보면, 기름 사용량에 따른 처리구의 경우 Hardness는 기름의 사용량이 가장 적은 S1이 1484.6으로 유의적으로(p<0.001) 높은 값을 나타내었고 지짐시간에 따라서는 Hardness가 지짐시간 2분까지는 유의적으로 그 값이 감소하다가 지짐 시간 2분 30초인 S7은 다시 값이 증가하였다. 관능검사 결과에서는 항목별로 유의적인 차이를 나타냈는데, 기름의 사용량에 따른 처리구에서는 S3가 기름이 충분하여 색이 노릇노릇하게 잘 나타났고 적당한 기름의 향미와 부드러우면서도 바삭바삭한 질감으로서 선호도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 한편, 지짐 시간을 달리한 처리구의 경우, S6가 color, flavor, chewiness 및 taste 등의 도든 항목에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 보여 전반적인 기호도 7.2(p＜0.01)로 가장 관능적 품질이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기름의 양은 화전 10개 분량(200g) 기준으로 16g을 사용하고 지짐시간은 앞, 뒷면 각각 2분씩 지지는 것이 바람직할 것으로 보인다.

• 감성과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.317-327
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• 2012

This paper uses the sensibility engineering method to find the model of automobile most appealing to buyers in the $4^{th}$ and $5^{th}$ tier cities of China. Samples of class A & A0 cars were shown to 96 subjects in those cities to investigate their responses in relation to the concepts 'modern' and 'smart'. The result shows that even though men tend to be more sensitive to automobile models in general than women are, both genders showed similar responses to specific models when they were asked to identify a model 'magnificent', 'modern', 'lively', 'smart' or 'cute'. This implies that despite the gender differences in terms of aesthetic sensitivity, both men and women share similar taste in relation to the appearance of cars. Apart from aesthetics, however, men tend to pay a greater attention to the details of design and material used for the cars, while women tend to pay attention to higher priced and better looking cars.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.723-733
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• 2011

This study was performed to examine the optimum addition amount of Hizikia fusiformis powder to be used with rice flour in the preparation of Hizikia fusiformis Sulgidduk (traditional rice cake). Hizikia fusiformis powder was added to rice powder at ratios of 5, 10, 15 and 20% (w/w). The moisture content of Sulgidduk was increased with the addition of Hizikia fusiformis powder, whereas the pH content was decreased. The addition also lowered the lightness and yellowness values but increased the greenness value. Mineral contents were increased. Hardness, springiness, and brittleness were decreased, and cohesiveness was increased as the added powder content also increased. In the sensory evaluation of Hizikia fusiformis Sulgidduk, color, flavor, taste, softness, chewiness, moistness, cohesiveness, and overall acceptability characteristics were all highest at the 10% addition level. Thus it can be proposed that this is the ideal level of Hizikia fusiformis addition in terms of the sensory properties of the cooked product.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.542-551
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the patient's satisfaction on hospital foods according to their age. The subjects were selected among the patients treated in the Eulgi University hospital during May of 2003. Two hundred twenty one patients (110 men, 101 women) were surveyed through questionnaires in terms of satisfaction on hospital foods and the food preference. The data were statistically analysed using $\chi$$^2$-test and their correlation. Satisfaction on general taste(p<0.05) and variety of hospital foods (p<0.05) were significantly different according to age. However, saltiness and serving temperature of hospital foods were significantly different according to sex(p<0.05). The preference of cooking method for meat, fist vegetable and the preferred kinds of Kimchi(p<0.05) and milk & milk products(p<0.05) were significantly different according to age.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.730-736
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the qualities of jelly supplemented with purple sweet potato (C:0 g, P1:1 g, P3:3 g, P5:5 g, P7:7 g). The pH decreased (acidity increased) with the addition of purple sweet potato powder (p<0.01). The sugar content of the jelly also significantly increased when purple sweet potato was added. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of jelly increased as the addition of purple sweet potato increased. As the content of purple sweet potato increased, the L and b values decreased and the "a value" increased. In terms of textural characteristics, the addition of purple sweet potato increased hardness and springiness, while it decreased the cohesiveness. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that the appearance, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability gave the highest score for jelly containing 5 g of purple sweet potato (P5).

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.323-329
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• 2007

There is no certain definition about advanced drinking water treatment but it is generally known as activated carbon process, membrane process or ozone process which can remove non-conventional pollutants such as taste and odor compounds, and micro-pollutants. There are more than 20 processes related to activated carbon as adsorber or biological activated carbon in Korea. The saturated carbon by pollutants can be reused by reactivation. However, the effect of reactivation on activated carbon is not well-understood in terms of changing physical properties of carbon to adsorption capacity of natural organic matter (NOM). In this study, the effects of reactivation on physical properties of activated carbon were investigated by isotherm and breakthrough of NOM. Ash content was increased from 8% to 13.3%. Iodine number is commonly used as an indicator for performance of reactivation. The iodine number was decreased about 20% after reactivating twice. The degree of reactivation can be evaluated by not only iodine number but also apparent density.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.135-139
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• 2006

Today, brands are transforming into a strategic structure which emphasize brand image more so that the product itself, and the brand identify that factors in personal preference and taste assume important positions. In particular, space where brand identify is factored in is increasingly in importance these days, which means that it is no longer about selling products themselves, but selling brand image. Accordingly, it is necessary to approach in a strategic manner when it comes to the space that factor in brand value in terms of selling brand image. Accordingly, this research examines the relationship between brand identity and space components through the space in coffee shops where brand identity is applied, to identify how indoor expression trend is utilized.