• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.31
• /
• pp.415-438
• /
• 2013

This paper explores how to teach Chinese, using multi-media resources such as Chinese dramas and focusing on one of Jin Yong's dramas, The Return of the Condor Heroes. The purpose of this study is to develop teaching methodologies for university students learning Chinese through drama to integrate language skills: enhancing communicative competence and understanding Chinese cultures. First, the overview of previous studies provides several cases of foreign language education using drama. Teaching Chinese through drama can be an integrative education because students can develop their communicative competence as well as understand the cultures of the target language. In other words, the contexts of drama may offer rich sources of the history of China, Han Chinese ethnocentrism, and knowledge of Chinese literature as well as geography. Second, this study applies the principles of Tomlinson (2010) for materials development in language teaching into the case of Chinese drama. It concentrates on Jin Yong's The Return of the Condor Heroes that the author has used in the Chinese language courses for three years. It examines the characteristics of the drama for developing effective ways of teaching and learning Chinese language and culture. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of using drama on changes in students' pervasive perceptions about unnecessity of Chinese classical literature. Third, this paper presents some sample lessons which may help teachers to develop understanding of how to organize lessons through drama. Finally, it illustrates university students' opinions about using drama to learn Chinese.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2003

In the radiation treatment planning (RTP) process, especially for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), knowing the exact volume and shape and the precise position of a lesion is very important. Sometimes X-ray projection images, such as angiograms, become the best choice for lesion identification. However, while the exact target position can be acquired by bi-projection images, 3D target reconstruction from bi-projection images is considered to be impossible. The aim of this study was to reconstruct the 3D target volume from multiple projection images. It was assumed that we knew the exact target position in advance, and all processes were performed in Target Coordinates, where the origin was the center of the target. We used six projections: two projections were used to make a Reconstruction Box and four projections were for image acquisition. The Reconstruction Box was made up of voxels of 3D matrices. Projection images were transformed into 3D in this virtual box using a geometric back-projection method. The resolution and the accuracy of the reconstructed target volume were dependent on the target size. An algorithm was applied to an ellipsoid model and a horseshoe-shaped model. Projection images were created geometrically using C program language, and reconstruction was also performed using C program language and Matlab ver. 6(The Mathwork Inc., USA). For the ellipsoid model, the reconstructed volume was slightly overestimated, but the target shape and position proved to be correct. For the horseshoe-shaped model, reconstructed volume was somewhat different from the original target model, but there was a considerable improvement in determining the target volume.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• no.6
• /
• pp.179-197
• /
• 2000

Of interest to second language researchers and classroom teachers today is whether and in what wats formal instruction can promote the development of appropriate use of the target language. Most formal instruction is closely related with the use of textbooks in ESL classrooms, so this study focuses on ESL textbooks. In order to learn to communicate successfully, students should use textbooks which specify the rules of language use for the community in which they are operating. This study examines the speech acts of compliment across 8 middle school English textbooks published in Korea. This study analyses the speech acts of compliment according to the following criteria : 1) vocabulary - adjective, verb, intensifier 2) sentence pattern 3) social strategy - invitation to talk, greetings, farewells, expression of gratitude, etc. 4) types of response. As a result of this study some suggestions is giver to promote the development of appropriate use of English through English textbooks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 2002

This paper describes our ongoing Korean-Chinese machine translation system, which is based on verb patterns. A verb pattern consists of a source language pattern part for analysis and a target language pattern part for generation. Knowledge description on lexical level makes it easy to achieve accurate analyses and natural, correct generation. These features are very important and effective in machine translation between languages with quite different linguistic structures including Korean and Chinese. We performed a preliminary evaluation of our current system and reported the result in the paper.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 2015

The target of design is a harmony between Beauty and Usefulness. Design is a result from representation of visual language by designer's creative thinking system. also, As an ill-defined problem cannot be described completely. and subjectively interpret depend on the situation, it is very difficult to present a theoretical standard. There have been many Design Sciences researches in recent years. such as Rule Based Design, Parametric Design, Replacement Design, Analogy Design, Metaphor Design, Genetic Algorithm. but Objective research is still unsatisfactory condition to investigate true nature about Design. At this point, It is very important to formulating about meaning of Design Language and Thinking. This study will define about that, and based on this definition, Lay out a logical basis for Treatment design variable and materialization of process by "Elements", "Relationship", "Schema". ultimately it look forward to provide a framework and minimize the complexity about Design Thinking.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2003

This study attempted to determine the effects of a context-based drawing task on the language expression of a severe Wernicke's and Broca's aphasic. The subjects in this study showed a poor auditory comprehension and naming performance. They also showed paraphasia and perseveration. This study focused on improving language expression by a drawing task based on conversation at hand. Ten target words were chosen which were easily drawnable and familiar to the subjects. The results showed that the context-based drawing task was effective on improving the subjects' confrontation naming ability and expressive language ability in terms of explanation of sentences. In addition, the Broca's aphasic showed improved naming ability when the contextual cues were given and he was supposed to spontaneously name words.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.125-141
• /
• 2002

This paper examines the pragmatic features of the thanking and apologizing moves which appear in requestive email of Korean speakers of English as a foreign language and American English native speakers. It is important for second language learners to behave appropriately in a target language when communicating with other English speakers who have different cultural backgrounds. The result of this study revealed the differences in the use of thanking and apologizing moves in the requestive email between Koreans and Americans. Koreans used fewer moves of thanking and more moves of apologizing than Americans in three different situations. Koreans' underuse of thanking which is a routine and formulaic expression for Americans could be a marked phenomenon to a recipient of the email in English bringing about a minus effect.

• Language and Information
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.1-41
• /
• 1998

Evaluation of multilingual translation fundamentally involves measurement of meaning equivalences between the formally mapped discourses/texts of SL(source language) and TL(target language) both represented by a metalanguage called IL(interlingua). Unlike a usaal uni-directional MT(machine translation) model(e.g.:SL $\rightarrow$ analysis $\rightarrow$ transfer $\rightarrow$ generation $\rightarrow$ TL), a bi-directional(by 'negotiation') model(i.e.: SL $\rightarrow$ IL/S $\leftrightarrow$ IL $\leftrightarrow$ IL/T \leftarrow TL) is proposed here for the purpose of evaluating multilingual, not merely bilingual, translation. The IL, as conceived of in this study, is an English-based predicate logic represented in the framework of MRS(minimal recursion semantics), an MT-oriented off-shoot of HPSG(Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar). In addition, a list of semantic and pragmatic checkpoints are set up, some being optional depending on the kind and use of the translation, so sa to have the evaluation of translation fine-grained by computing matching or mismatching of such checkpoints.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2019.10a
• /
• pp.333-338
• /
• 2019

인코더-디코더(Encoder-decoder)는 현대 기계 번역(Machine translation)의 가장 기본이 되는 모델이다. 인코딩은 마치 인간의 뇌가 출발어(Source language) 문장을 읽고 이해를 하는 과정과 유사하고, 디코딩은 뇌가 이해한 의미를 상응하는 도착어(Target language) 문장으로 재구성하는 행위와 비슷하다. 그렇다면 벡터로 된 인코더 표현은 문장을 읽고 이해함으로써 변화된 뇌의 상태에 해당한다고 볼 수 있다. 사람이 어떤 문장을 잘 번역하기 위해서는 그 문장에 대한 이해가 뒷받침되어야 하는 것처럼, 기계 역시 원 문장이 가진 의미를 제대로 인코딩해야 향상된 성능의 번역이 가능할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 뇌과학에서 뇌 동기화(Brain-to-brain coupling)라 일컫는 현상을 모방해, 출발어와 도착어의 공통된 의미를 인코딩하여 기계 번역 성능 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있는 이중 번역 기법을 소개한다.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.165-168
• /
• 2002

This research was conducted to investigate the priming effect in Korean and English word production by Korean speakers. Picture-naming with distractors was used as experimental task. The type of target language, the type of distractor language and SOA(Stimulus Onset Asynchrony) were used as variables. Cross-linguistic priming effect and within-linguistic priming effect were mesured to investigate bilinguals' conceptual system.