• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the The Influence of contract-relax exercise of PNF on Equilibrium Ability. Methods: The subjects were consisted of thirty patients (14 females and 16 males). They were from 20 to 42 years old and the mean age was 25.03. All subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: contract-relax exercise of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(PNF) group (n=15), control group (n=15). Contract-relax exercise group received contract-relax exercise for about 10 minutes along with therapeutic massage for about 15 minutes, 3 times per week during 4 weeks period. However, control group did not receive intervention during the same 4 weeks. The Balance performance monitor(BPM) was used to measure equilibrium ability. All measurements of each subjects were measured at pre-experiment, after 2 weeks, and post-experiment. Results: The results of this study were summarized below : 1. The sway area of contract-relax exercise group was significantly reduced according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly reduced between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). Contract-relax exercise group significantly more reduced than control group(p<.05). 2. The sway path length of contract-relax exercise group was significantly reduced according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly reduced between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). Contract-relax exercise group significantly more reduced than control group(p<.05). Conclusion : Contract-relax exercise applied with therapeutic massage can increased equilibrium ability. Additional randomized controlled trials to more fully investigate treatment effects and factors that may mediate these effects are needed.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate how the resistive exercises with vibration stimuli could affect the strength of knee muscles and balance in patients with a history of reconstructive surgery. Methods: Thirty four subjects with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were randomly divided into 3 groups; Resistive exercises with vibration stimuli group (n=11), Resistive exercises (n=11) and control group (n=12). The paired t-test was used to show the variation before and after exercise in all three groups. One way ANOVA was used to separate the total variation between groups. Results: The results showed that there was significant improve in the strength of knee muscles in all three groups and resistive exercise with vibration stimuli he group showed a better result in all area than the other two groups. Comparisons of sway distances with open and closed eyes showed a statistically significant decrease before and after treatment in all three groups, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. There was a significant difference only in the sway distance with the eyes closed. Conclusions: Applying the resistive exercise with vibration stimuli as a therapeutic exercise program resulted in a positive effect to the functional activity not only in rapidly recovering the strength the weaken muscles and lost of balance ability, but also expecting an earlier return to daily life by advancing the date of the process for the functional activity.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to effect of prenatal exercise program combined with Brugger's exercise on low back pain and balance in pregnant women. Design: A Single-Subject Study. Methods: This study was applied to 28 weeks of pregnant women who complained of low back pain for a total of 4 weeks. A total of 10 prenatal exercise programs in this study consists of sessions, and each session was applied with a Bruger exercise for 1 minute before the start. For the fatigue and safety of pregnant women, a break for 1 minute was provided for each session and was conducted under the supervision of the therapist The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and static balance (BT-4) were measured to evaluate the pregnant women's low back pain and balance ability before and after the intervention Results: The change in back pain after the intervention was VAS 5 before the intervention, but the VAS gradually decreased at 4 weeks after the intervention. Reduced to VAS 2 after 4 weeks of intervention. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was 54%, which was at the level of severe disability, but the dysfunction index gradually decreased 4 weeks after intervention, reaching 19% in 4 weeks, and there were no problems with daily life. As for the static balance ability, the sway area and the sway distance values gradually decreased after the intervention in both the eyes open and closed state, showing an improvement in the static balance ability of pregnant women after the intervention than before the intervention. Conclusion: The prenatal exercise program combined with Brugger's exercise was effective to improve low back pain and static balance in pregnant women. The result of this study may helpful as basic data for obstetric physical therapy.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of squat training on an unstable support surface with different knee flexion angles on the balance ability of normal adults balance ability. Methods: 41 university students in their 20s attending N University in Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do were divided into a 45-degree knee-bending squat training group and a 90-degree knee-bending squat training group. The groups trained on an unstable support surface 20 minutes per day, 3 times a week, for a total of 4 weeks. Results: Changes in static balance ability were not significant within and between the groups for both the sway distance and sway area in the eyes open and eyes closed states (p<.05). The changes in dynamic balance ability were significant in the forward, leftward, and rightward angles in both groups at the limit of stability (p<.05), but not significant in the backward angle (p>.05), and the comparison between groups was not significant (p>.05). Conclusion: No significant difference between static balance-related variables within and between the groups was found. Significant changes in dynamic balance-related variables within the groups were found but not between the groups. Therefore, in future studies, it is considered necessary to study various ages and differentiated intervention periods, such as young adults and the population of elderly people, with sufficient intervention periods to affect balance ability.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.14-27
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• 2004

This study approaches the effects of Balance Training on excercise performance and the prevention from the injuries caused by excercise. The subjects of the Balance Training program are female exercise beginners and the research period covers 8 weeks from January 10 to March 7, 2003. The research objects are 19 female golf beginners in 30s to 40s, who live in Seoul or Seongnam in Gyeonggi province and have played golf less than 6 months. The programs of the Balance Training and exercise performance were conducted to an 11 experimental group among the 19 research objects at the same time, and only the exercise performance program was applied to an 8 control group for 8 weeks. Before and after 8 weeks' application of the research programs to each group, the research subjects were examined, especially the components of their bodies, the balance and the performance capability were measured both before and after the test. The frequency of injuries by exercise was measured after the test, and the difference of the frequency was compared with the frequency before exercise. First, the experimental group, in a measurement of balance, showed that SN, MB, SAr and SAg of static balance decreased in a situation of MEO, MEC, GEO, GEC, TBEO, TBO, FHEO, FEO(p <0.05), but the control group increased. Second, the analysis on the change of exercise performance indicated better improvement in distance, ball speed, and accuracy of the experimental group than the control group(p<0.05). Third, the experience of injuries showed that there were 2 injuries in the experimental group and 11 injuries in the control group. The injured parts were 2 cases in the hands and fingers of the experimental group, and 1 case in the shoulder, 4 in the elbows, 4 in the hands and fingers and 2 in the lumber of the control group. From the above-mentioned results, it is recognized that the Balance Training program improved the exercise performance of female golf beginners and had good effects on the prevention from injuries. Accordingly, if this program is applied to sports-beginners, it will contribute to the improvement of the public health.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2023

This paper begins by analyzing cable vibrations due to external excitations and their effects on the overall dynamic behavior of cable-stayed bridges. It is concluded that if the natural frequency of a cable approaches any natural frequency of the bridge, the cable loses its rigidity and functionality. The results of this analysis explain the phenomenon that occurred on the Dubrovnik Bridge in Croatia during a storm and measures for its retrofit. A field test was conducted before the bridge was opened to traffic. It was concluded: "The Bridge excited unpleasant transverse superstructure vibration with the frequency of approximately 0.470 Hz. Hence, it seems possible that a pair of stays vibrating in phase may excite deck vibrations". Soon after this Bridge opened, a storm dumped heavy damp snow in the area, causing the six longest cable stay pairs of the main span to undergo large-amplitude vibrations, and the superstructure underwent considerable displacements in combined torsion-sway and bending modes. This necessitated rehabilitation measures for the Bridge including devices to suppress the large-amplitude vibrations of cables. The rehabilitation and monitoring of the Bridge are also presented here.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2007

Proposed Manta-type Unmanned Undersea Vehicle(UUV) turned out to have the tendency of dynamic instability in vertical plane, and moreover to have that of so strong dynamic stability in horizontal plane as to cause another problem in turning motion due to negative value of sway damping lever. The authors discussed the changes in appendage design for improvement of dynamic stability of UUV in vertical and horizontal planes. As a result, the dynamic stability in vertical plane was improved by increasing the area of horizontal stern planes. and the dynamic stability in horizontal plane was also improved by removal of lower vertical plate and by adjusting the area and position of upper vertical plate simultaneously.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of clinical balance tests through the correlation of balance evaluation using by forceplate in elderly. Methods : Thirty nine healthy elderly subjects (14 males, 25 females) participated in the study. The subjects were evaluated with clinical balance tests [(Berg balance scale (BBS), Functional reach test (FRT), Tinetti's performance oriented mobility assessment (POMA), and one leg standing (OLS)]. Static balance evaluation was assessed by using forceplate. Center of pressure (COP) parameters were obtained using it as total path distance, total sway area, X mean frequency and Y mean frequency for 20 seconds in the following conditions: (1) comfortable standing with eyes opened and closed, (2) uncomfortable standing with eyes opened and closed. After static balance evaluation tested, dynamic balance evaluation was assessed. COP parameters were error distance and area during sine curve trace. COP parameters were movement time, error distance, and maintained time in the circle during COP movement task. Results : Clinical balance tests showed statistically significant correlation between static and dynamic balance evaluations. Among the clinical balance tests, the BBS, POMA, and OLS showed significant correlation with to assess the balance ability of elderly in clinical setting both evaluations. Conclusion : Clinical balance tests can be recommended in clinical setting because of low costs and simplicity.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2022

본 연구는 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램이 무릎 관절 전치환술 환자의 통증과 균형에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 대상자는 무릎 관절 전치환술을 받고 입원 중인 환자 20명이며, 수술 후에 CPM (Continuous passive motion) 만을 적용하는 집단 (CPM group; CG)과 CPM과 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램을 병행하는 집단 (CPM with active exercise program using sling group; CSG)으로 10명씩 무작위로 배치되었다. CG는 CPM을 주 5일, CSG는 CPM을 주 2일, 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램을 주 3일 실시하였고, 각 중재는 하루 40분씩 총 4주간 실시하였다. 통증은 VAS(Visual analog scale)을 이용하여 평가하였고, 균형은 BT4 (Balance training 4)를 이용하여 C90 area, Trace length, Sway average velocity를 눈을 뜬 상태와 감은 상태로 측정하였다. 그 결과, 두 집단 모두 통증에서 집단 내에서 유의하게 감소하였고, 집단 간의 변화량에서도 유의한 차이가 있었다. 균형에서 CG의 C90을 제외한 모든 변인이 중재 후 유의한 변화가 있었으며, 집단 간 변화량에서는 눈을 감은 상태의 C90과 Vel에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 CPM과 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램을 함께 시행하는 것은 무릎 관절 전치환술 환자의 통증 감소와 균형 향상에 효과적인 중재라고 생각한다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1977

The hydrodynamic forces acting on a forced oscillating 2-dimensional cylinder on a free surface of a fluid of a finite depth are calculated by distributing singularities on the immersed body surface. And the Haskind-Newman relation in a fluid of a finite depth is derived. The wave exciting force of the cylinder to an oscillation is also calculated by using the above relation. The method is applied to a circular cylinder swaying in a water of finite depth, and then, to a rectangular cylinder heaving, swaying, and rolling. The results of above cases give a good agreement with those by earlier investigators such as Bai, Keil, and Yeung. Also, this method is applied to a Lewis form cylinder with a half beam-to-draft ratio of 1.0 and a sectional area coefficient of 0.941, and to a bulbous section cylinder which is hard to represent by a mapping function. The results reveal that the hydrodynamic forces in heave increase as the depth of a water decrease, but in sway or roll, the tendency of the hydrodynamic forces is difficult to say in a few words. The exciting force to heave for a bulbous section cylinder becomes zero at two frequencies. The added mass moment of inertia for roll is seemed to mainly depend on the sectional shape than the water depth.