• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-13
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• 2021

Purpose: This paper aims to study the fishing capacity of the shrimp trawlers in the Aru and Arafura Sea. Research design, data and Methodology: The abundant shrimp resources call for its sustainable use to advance economic activity. Time-series data of effort and catch from shrimp trawlers from 1980-2015 were utilized. The technical efficiencies of the vessels and the target capacity of the shrimp fishery were estimated using Peak to Peak Method. Results: Arafura's shrimp fishery presents high technical efficiency, which is suggested by the high scores of its fishing capacity utilization. The issuance of a ministerial decree on the prohibition of the use of trawls has impacted the plummeting of Arafura's shrimp trawler production right after the regulation implemented in 2015, which is far below the total production of the Arafura's shrimp trawler in 1980. Today, the Aru and Arafura Sea has different sets of fishing gears that are dominated by Squid Jigging and gillnet vessels. Conclusions: Arafura shrimp fishery performs high technical efficiency, which is indicated by the high utilization value of its catching capacity ranging from 71% to 100% annually from 1980 to 2015 This has shown that the resource-utilization has shifted from shrimps to other economically important species during the post trawl ban such as squid and pelagic. Any future intention to utilize shrimp resources, interaction of gears harvesting shrimp with current gears should be well considered in the policy making process.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.199-212
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• 2023

In contrast to the short-term nature of lunar missions in the past, lunar missions in new space era aim to extend the presence on the lunar surface and to use this capability for the Mars exploration. In order to realize extended human presence on the Moon, production and use of consumables and fuels required for the habitation and transportation using in-situ resources is an important prerequisite. The Global Exploration Roadmap presented by the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG), which reflects the space exploration plans of participating countries, shows the phases of progress from lunar surface exploration to Mars exploration and relates in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) capabilities to each phase. Based on the ISRU Gap Assessment Report from the ISECG, ISRU technology is categorized into in-situ propellant and consumable production, in-situ construction, in-space manufacturing, and related areas such as storage and utilization of products, power systems required for resource utilization. Among the lunar resources, leading countries have prioritized the utilization of ice water existing in the permanent shadow region near the lunar poles and the extraction of oxygen from the regolith, and are preparing to investigate the distribution of resources and ice water near the lunar south pole through unmanned landing missions. Resource utilization technologies such as producing hydrogen and oxygen from water by hydroelectrolysis and extracting oxygen from the lunar regolith are being developed and tested in relevant lunar surface analogue environments. It is also observed that each government emphasizes the use and development of the private sector capabilities for sustainable lunar surface exploration by purchasing lunar landing services and providing opportunities to participate in resource exploration and material extraction.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.413-426
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• 2020

The Euphorbiaceae family features some of the most economically important plants that are sources of foods, oils, waxes, and medicines. The accurate identification of Euphorbiaceae species is critical in sustainable utilization of plant resources. We examined 234 sequences of nrDNA ITS, cpDNA rbcL and matK loci from 20 species in Euphorbiaceae in Korea and three outgroup taxa to develop efficient DNA barcodes. The three barcode loci were successfully amplified and sequenced for all Euphorbiaceae species. nrDNA ITS locus showed the highest mean interspecific K2P distance (0.3034), followed by cpDNA matK (0.0830), and rbcL (0.0352) locus. The degree of species resolution for individual barcode loci ranged from 75% (rbcL and matK) to 80% (ITS). The degree of species resolution was not enhanced with the different combinations of three barcode loci. The combined data set of the three loci(ITS+rbcL+matK) provided 80% of species resolution. These results confirm that ITS locus, as a single barcode, is the best option for barcoding of the Euphorbiaceae in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2016

Justicia kampotiana Benoist (Acanthaceae) is reported as a new record for the flora of Vietnam. This species differs from its allied species J. ingrata Benoist in having corolla outside pubescent, tubes slightly longer than limbs and considerably shorter petioles. Description, line drawing and color photographs are provided for species identification. Furthermore, a comparison of the diagnostic characters with those of related species is made.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

This study is conducted to propose urban park utilization and master plan in rural areas. Urban parks designed for the rural areas can be divided into three types: a themed type for rural tourism, a community type for hub regenerations and a waterfront type for using agricultural reservoirs. To use the themes and characteristics of ruralness, these types are required a multi-layered spatial structure. And ecological, cultural and economic networks of local tourism resources have to be integrated by utilizing agricultural reservoirs. Therefore, urban parks in rural areas can be defined as a part of the public benefit project aiming to revitalize the local economy. Also, urban parks are necessary to use attractions and amenities in rural areas. Based on theoretical backgrounds, this study proposed two sustainable master plans as the tourism resource development project for Baelyeonje, Gulye-gun. For ecological and cultural sustainability, this study proposed the environment restoration plan which reinforces the scenic resource of Nogodan in Mt. Jiri by developing the underdevelopment plan with consideration of the local landscape characteristics and resources. For economic sustainability, building the Mt. Jiri tourism complex and economic communities are needed to promote investments for securing mutual economic benefits. To achieve the sustainability, further studies related to the social equity and investment of private capital in rural areas are needed.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.883-890
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• 2005

The industrial growth and the raised living quality have led to the massive energy consumption. As a result. the polluted environment and the limited amount of energy resources emerged as serious problems to be resolved in 21st century. Especially, in the case of Korea whose imported energy dependency rate is 98.2$\%$ in 2003 and constantly increasing every rear. more than 24$\%$ of overall energy consumption is for housing and commercial use. In order to cope with the shortage of natural energy resources, it is inevitable to develop alternative sustainable energy resources including seawater heat. so that they can replace existing resources. The heat transfer air velocity 3.5 m/s is proper to consideration with the body the pipe size 200A is more suitable than look due to the air velocity quantify and the ratio of pipe surface area. And the error between experimental data with simulation is below 5.34$\%$ so the suggested equation for calculating heat transfer capacity can be used. Therefore out of many methods utilizing seawater heat. this work Presents the efficiency of using sea water heat as a resource for air-conditioners which can be converted from the outside air through the air-to-heat conversion tube . Consequently. this method provides pretty reasonable energy efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.59-76
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• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about environmental severity and new social, economic, and cultural changes. Conscious fashion, which is oriented to sustainable and valuable consumption, has become a trend to consume products produced using eco-friendly and ethical processes, from the selection of the product materials to the manufacturing process. The purpose of this study is to identify the concepts and characteristics of conscious fashion and zero waste, and to explore design trends of zero wastein the new normal era of conscious fashion through the analysis of various cases. The research method is a literature review on conscious fashion based on relevant professional and academic books and articles, designer collections, and campaigns from 2010 to the present, when conscious fashion as eco-friendliness and sustainable fashion became a trend. The concept and characteristics of conscious fashion were examined them in terms of environmental, ethical, social, and cultural aspects and the concept and characteristics of zero waste through previous studies and case analysis. Through this, the trends of zero-waste design in conscious fashion were categorized into: first, an eco-friendly design orientation that utilizes reuse and reduce methods of clothing and fabric; second, a variable design orientation that practices zero waste designs by using diversity of patterns through deconstruction, disassembly, and various cutting methods. Third, long-term circulation of design through the recycling of resources by second-hand trade, the utilization of stock clothing, resale, and availability of eco-friendly materials through the development of new technologies. As an active practice for the sustainable fashion industry expands, it is expected that continuous research will be conducted as a future core value to realize the possibility of long-term circular zero-waste design through social responsibility and conscious recycling, reuse, and reproduction.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.391-407
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• 2012

Utilization of supplementary cementing materials (SCM) by the cement industry, as a highly promising solution of sustainable cement development aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, necessitates a more thorough evaluation of these types of materials on concrete durability. In this study a comparative assessment of the effect of SCM on concrete durability, of every cement type as defined in the European Standard EN 197-1 is taking place, using a software tool, based on proven predictive models (according to performance-related methods for assessing durability) developed and wide-validated for the estimation of concrete service life when designing for durability under harsh environments. The effect of Type II additives (fly ash, silica fume) on CEM I type of cement, as well as the effect of every Portland-composite type of cement (and others) are evaluated in terms of their performance in carbonation and chloride exposure, for a service life of 50 years. The main aim is to portray a unified and comprehensive evaluation of the efficiency of SCM in order to create the basis for future consideration of more types of cement to enter the production line in industry.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.340-360
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• 2005

Fishery resource rents(i.e. windfall gains or excess profit), which tend to lead a variety of important economic, social, political problems, have been a fundamental cause of unbalance between fishery resource use and management. Thus, there may exist several sorts of optimal level of resource utilization such as economic maximum sustainable yield, biological maximum sustainable yield, social optimum production, socio-political optimum yield, etc. The fishery resource use level seems to a large extent to be determined by the characteristics of fishermen's rent seeking structure. As well known, fishery resources as common properties have a characteristic of being difficult to establish private property rights. Therefore, their use rights are controlled by the permit and/or the license system. As a result, absolute or differential rents are formed by the changes in institutional arrangements. Rent problems are often transformed into serious socio-political issues when the rent in a given industry is much higher to a socially unacceptable extent than the average of other industries. However, individual fishermen or fishermen's groups tend to behave aggressively to change the existing fishery institutions towards maximizing fishery rents. These rent-seeking behaviors often tend to nullify fishery management schemes. The larger is the relative rent difference between fisheries and other industries, the more aggressive tend to be the rent-seeking behaviors in fisheries.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.34-52
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• 2007

This study analyses the management and utilization of Korean inland fisheries and suggests directions for reorganizing the fisheries in order to achieve qualitative growth. Inland fisheries developing into a unique fishery according to various aquatic systems in different areas have played various roles such as the efficient use of aquatic resources, development of local areas and economy vitalization in under-developed local areas. However, recently Korean inland fisheries are facing a lot of difficulties due to the circumstantial changes surrounding the fisheries. Even though it is difficult to expect the external expansion of the Korean inland fisheries, we could expect qualitative internal growth by achieving the sustainable management and aquatic ecosystem health. Therefore, this study suggests the followings in order to achieve the qualitative growth of the Korean inland fisheries : first, construction of integrated management system according the aquatic systems ; second, organization of fishermen's interest groups such as cooperatives or associations in order to increase the competitive advantage and spread voluntary fisheries management ; third, boosting stock enhancement through systematic stock assessment and stocking ; fourth, expansion and activation of administrative system and research organizations.