• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2011

Upper gastrointestinal contrast studies were performed to compare the quality of images using two different commercialized barium products in 10 healthy beagle dogs of each group; 30% barium suspension in group 1, and 35% dilute barium suspension in group 2. Contrast media were administered through gastric tube at a dose rate of 10 ml/kg in all groups. All procedures were evaluated by three criteria: the quality of the images obtained, the transit time and the distensibility of the bowel. The imaging in group 1 showed good image quality, a rapid transit time, and good distensibility of bowel loop.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.793-804
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• 1995

Polychaetous community survey in Tomioka Bay was carried out 5 times seasonally from May 1991 to March 1992 by quantitative grab sampling (0.05m2) at 11 stations. Based on the granulometric composition and environmental factors, a homogeneous soft bottom was found in St.5-10. The species of the polychaete were classified into three feeding groups using the Fauchald and Jumars' feeding guild system. According to polychaetous community composition data, deposit feeders predominate in sandy silt area where the silt-clay content is $60-69.3\%.$ These deposit feeders were subdivided into surface deposit feeders and subsurface deposit feeders by their living position and mode. Also, suspension feeding group comes as the third dominant group. Seasonal changes of each feeding group were described in terms of numerical density and biomass. Feeding layer and types of dominant species (Lumbrineris longifolia: surface deposit feeder; Praxillella pacifica: subsurface deposit feeder; Chone duneri; suspension filter feeder, etc.) were examined in the intact sediment core samples. Also, longterm density change among the three dominant species during 10 years was disussed.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2008

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant potential of A. lanata on oxalate mediated free radical toxicity in ethylene glycol induced calcium oxalate urolithic rats. Calcium oxalate (CaOX) stone was induced by 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for 28 days. From $29^{th}$ day onwards, the CaOX urolithic rats were treated with A. lanata aqueous suspension (2,000 mg/kg body weight/dose/day) orally for another 28 days. At the end of experimental periods the animals were sacrificed, samples were collected and analyzed the lipid peroxidation product, protein oxidation product, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in normal and experimental groups. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation products were significantly elevated while enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in ethylene glycol induced CaOX urolithic rats when compared with control rats. The above alterations were reverted to near control in rats treated with aqueous suspension of A. lanata. This study suggests that A. lanata could prevent the free radical formation from calcium oxalate urolithiasis in rats and protecting the renal cells from oxidative injury.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.469-479
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• 2018

The present research study utilizes a multi-objective optimization method for Pareto optimization of an eight-degree of freedom full vehicle vibration model, adopting a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). In this research, a full set of ride comfort as well as ride safety parameters are considered as objective functions. These objective functions are divided in to two groups (ride comfort group and ride safety group) where the ones in one group are in conflict with those in the other. Also, in this research, a special optimizing technique and combinational method consisting of weighted sum method and Pareto optimization are applied to transform Pareto double-objective optimization to Pareto full-objective optimization which can simultaneously minimize all objectives. Using this technique, the full set of ride parameters of three dimensional vehicle model are minimizing simultaneously. In derived Pareto front, unique trade-off design points can selected which are non-dominated solutions of optimizing the weighted sum comfort parameters versus weighted sum safety parameters. The comparison of the obtained results with those reported in the literature, demonstrates the distinction and comprehensiveness of the results arrived in the present study.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.5-26
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• 1982

In order to study the effects of traimcinolone acetonide on the wound healing of tongue, eight two healthy albino rats were asesthetized with pentothal. The wound, approximately 1mm in depth and 2mm in diameter, was created on the midlateral aspect of tongue with the tip of small rongeur fourcep. Forty one animals were employed in one of the following groups:(I) Control group: Received 0.5ml/100gm B.W. of saline suspension intralesionally at weekly interval until sacrificed.(II) Experimental group: Received $100\mu\textrm{g}/100gm$ B.W. of trimacinolone acet- onide suspension intralesionally at weekly interval until sacrificed. Biopsy specimens of wounds were taken at 6,18,24 hours, 2,3,5,7,14 and 28 days after wounding. The specimens were sectioned, and observed with light microscope and electron microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In the triamcinolone acetonide treated wound, the epithelial and fibroblastic regeneration were dealayed when compared with controls. 2. After triamcinolone acetonide treated, edema was decreased at the early stage of wound healing. 3. In the triamcinolone acetonide treated wound, the fibroblasts exhibited fine morphological changes and reduction of collagen formation. It seems that triamcinolone acetonide inhibits fibroblast function.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2012

Spaceflight induces a number of cardiovascular physiological alterations. To study adaptations to microgravity on Earth, the tail-suspended, hindlimb-unloaded rat model has been used to simulate the effects of microgravity. Despite the extensive use of this model to infer physiological adaptations of many organs to microgravity, little information has been obtained on the effect of tail suspension(TS) on cardiac adaptations in the rat. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of simulated microgravity on the rat myocardium using the TS model. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups(1, 7 and 14 days of TS) and a control group. A microscopic examination was performed to assess histopathological changes in the myocardial morphology. The hearts from the control group, the 1 day-TS rats and the 7 day-TS rats revealed no evident abnormalities in cardiomyocyte size and morphology. At day 14 of TS, in contrast, the ventricular cardiomyocytes appeared more separated from each other and were slightly smaller in size compared with those of the control group. Also seen were scattered areas exhibiting focal disorganization of muscle fibers and some degenerating cardiomyocytes, of which the nuclei had become pyknotic or disappeared. In this study, we demonstrated that the ventricular cardiomyocytes underwent degeneration and atrophy at the microscopic level during exposure to simulated microgravity in TS rats.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.274-279
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• 1992

Immobilization method of lariat azacrown ethers, containing hydroxyl group in the side arm of crown ring, on the polymer matrix and the phase-transfer catalytic activity of thus obtained immobilized lariat azacrown ethers were studied. Polystyrene resins with crown ether structures and hydroxyl groups adjacent to the macrorings were prepared by the reaction of crosslinked polystyrene resins containing epoxy groups with monoaza-15-crown-5 or monoaza-18-crown-6. Microporous crosslinked polystyrene resins containing epoxy group for the syntheses of these immobilized lariat crown catalysts were prepared by suspension polymerization of styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB 2%) and vinylbenzylglycidyl ether. The immobilized lariat catalysts with 10-20% ring substitution exhibited maximal activity for the halogen exchange reactions of 1-bromooctane with aqueous KI or NaI under triphase heterogeneous conditions. Immobilized catalyst exhibited higher activity than corresponding catalyst without the hydroxyl group and this result was suggested that the active site have a structure in which the $K^+$ ion was bound by the cooperative coordination of the crown ring donors and the hydroxyl group in the side arm.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.16-22
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the antibody production to sheep red blood cells(SRBC) and proliferation of mitogen-stimulated spleen cells in Balb/c mice which received cadmium chloride. The mice were divided into three independent groups which were one control and two experimental groups by the cadmium treatment or not. No specific treatment was done for the control group. One of two experimental groups, which is called 'pre-treatment group' in this paper, was subcutaneously injected with low dose of cadmium chloride(0.5 mg/kg/day) for 5 consecutive days before the primary SRBC immunization. The other called 'non-pretreatment group' was only pretreated with normal saline. Both experimental groups were intraperitoneally injected with high dose of cadmium chloride(5 mg/kg) 8 hours before the primary immunization. Mice were intraperitoneally immunized twice with 2% SRBC suspension containing $10^8$ cells. The results obtained were as follows, 1. The PFG responses to SRBC were significantly increased in two experimental groups, cadmium pretreatment and non-pretreatment compared with that of control group(p<0.05). 2. The total antibody titers to SRBC in cadmium treated groups were similar to that of control group, but titers of IgG antibody were significantly elevated(p<0.01). 3. The proliferation response of spleen lymphocytes to various mitogens was suppressed in proportion to the concentration of cadmium and the degree of cadmium accumulation in liver was increased in the cadmium treated groups. These results suggest that cadmium chloride could affect on mouse immune response, especially its cell mediated immune response could be decreased while its humoral immune response could be increased, which may not be influenced by the administration methods or pretreatment of cadmium to mouse.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.339-352
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of weight control program on body composition(body mass index and waist-hip ratio), blood pressure, serum lipids(total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein) and self-regulation behavior in obese college women. Methods: Forty seven obese subjects were divided into experimental(22) and control(25) groups. The weight control program lasting 12 weeks consisted of a traffic-light diet, jumping-rope exercises, and behavior modification methods with e-mail counseling. The data were collected from 29 March to 17 September of 2004. The variables were assessed before and after intervention for 12 weeks in two groups. Then, those were repeated after a 12 week suspension of intervention in the experimental group. The data were analysed by the SPSS computer program. Results: BMI, HDL, LDL and self-regulation behavior levels showed significant differences between the experimental and control groups. While there were no significant differences in waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride. Conclusion: The weight control program had a positive effect on obese college women, and can be used to control obesity.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 1997

Fluorescent anionic oligo surfactants were synthesized by the condensing products of long chain alkylvinylether-maleic anhydride cooligomers and resorcinol including dye structures. Their various surface activities and dispersing action were studied on the aqueous solution. These oligo surfactants exhibited a remarkable surface tension lowering property, lower foaming and a large dispersing action for the particles of ${\alpha}-copper$ phthalocyanine blue. Further it was ascertained that the binding of oligo surfactant onto the pigment surface caused the deviation towards lower wavelengths at the maximum fluorescent intensity as compared with aqueous oligo surfactant solutions, These surface active properties of the oligo surfactants may be attributed to rigid and hydrophobic structure of dye groups, besides surface-active groups of alkylether groups and carboxylic group of the anionic oligo surfactants.