• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2019

From 2017 to 2019, the ovipositional and the developmental characteristics of Gampsocleis ussuriensis Adelung in the Buan area of Jeonbuk Province were examined. G. ussuriensis were mostly found in the weeded areas around the reservoir, where the adults first appeared in mid-July, showed up where by the early September, and overwintered in eggs. Nymphs appeared in early April to mid-July the next year. The nymphs hatched from early April and adults appeared after molting five times. The ovipositional period of G. ussuriensis was approximately 58 days. The total number of eggs per female was 124. The mean longevity of adults was 95.6 days for females and 84.8 days for males. Ovipositional mats were best with mixed Masato and Coco-Pitt at a ratio of 7:3. Developmental period of G. ussuriensis nymphs was 64.1 days at 24℃ and was longer than at different temperatures. The higher the temperature, the shorter the developmental period. The survival rate of nymphs was the best at 32℃ in 77.8%. The higher the density while rearing, the lower the survival rate, and the faster the development and molting velocity.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2024

Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips palmi are economically important pests of cucumber. The chemicals used to control them can be effective; however, they should not be used frequently on cucumbers that are consumed raw. Banker plants were selected to increase the control efficiency of Orius laevigatus, a natural enemy that can replace the chemicals. The hatching rate, emergence rate, nymph developmental period, survival rate, and reproductive capacity (fecundity and oviposition period) of O. laevigatus for four plants (moss rose, basil, broad bean, and cucumber) were investigated. The density of O. laevigatus on two selected banker plants was investigated in a cucumber greenhouse. The hatching rate of O. laevigatus eggs was highest at 92% in moss rose; however, there was no significant difference in survival rates between moss rose and basil. The fecundity and oviposition period of O. laevigatus were better in moss rose than in basil, with no significant difference between them. The flowering period of basil was longer than that of moss rose, from April to September. Therefore, basil has potential value as a banker plant for O. laevigatus and is expected to increase the biological control effect of O. laevigatus.

• 중국학논총
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• no.69
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• pp.121-143
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• 2021

'老' refers to the old man with the characteristics of being aged in the original meaning 'to be aged' (adjective), which is a metonymy of 'substituting the whole with a part'. In combination with nouns, '老' uses a lot of metaphorical expressions that are understood through animals closest to the attributes of people with aged characteristics, plants and objects. '老' can be extended to the meaning of 'the survival time, duration, recognition time, and existence time of a person, animal, plant, or object are long', or 'the survival time is over', which can be said to be a metonymy of 'substituting cause with result'. An experienced target respected by people on a positive level and a target with banal thoughts, habits, nature, and personality on the negative level can also be conceptualized and expressed as '老'.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2003

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induced a significant neurite extension of antennal lobe (AL) neurons from the silk moth Bombyx mori in culture on lamini/ concanavalin A-coated dishes, in comparison with smaller effect of 20-hydroxyecdy-sone (20-HE). But the effect fur neurite extension by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) could not be found. A significant increase in the number of new primary branches from the principal neurites of AL neurons was also shown in culture with BDNF and 5-HT, but not with 20-HE. (omitted)

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.533-538
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of Pycnogenol (Pyc) on survival and immune dysfunction of C57BL/6 mice induced by low micronutrient supplementation. MATERIALS/METHODS: Female C57/BL/6 mice were fed a diet containing 7.5% of the recommended amount of micronutrients for a period of 12 wks (immunological assay) and 18 wks (survival test). For immunological assay, lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine regulation, and hepatic oxidative status were determined. RESLUTS: Pyc supplementation with 50 and $100mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}bw{\cdot}d^{-1}$ resulted in partial extension of the median survival time. Pyc supplementation led to increased T and B cell response against mitogens and recovery of an abnormal shift of cytokine pattern designated by the decreased secretion of Th1 cytokine and increased secretion of Th2 cytokine. Hepatic vitamin E level was significantly decreased by micronutrient deficiency, in accordance with increased hepatic lipid peroxidation level. However, Pyc supplementation resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of hepatic lipid peroxidation, which may result from restoration of hepatic vitamin E level. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study suggest that Pyc supplementation ameliorates premature death by restoring immune dysfunction, such as increasing lymphocyte proliferation and regulation of cytokine release from helper T cells, which may result from the antioxidative ability of Pyc.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.139-147
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• 2002

In order to the development of a new organic compost to exclusive use in a ginseng, we conducted the study of the preparation of organic fertilizer and the application effect of organic fertilizer in cultivation of ginseng. The new organic compost was composed of dryed broad leaves of acorn 40%, puffed husks of rice 40% and organic material mixture 20%. The chemical properties of the organic compost shown that the values of the total nitrogen, available phosphate, pottasium, calcium, magnesium, organic matter and C/N ratio were $17g\;kg^{-1}$, $8g\;kg^{-1}$, $11g\;kg^{-1}$, $14g\;kg^{-1}$, $4g\;kg^{-1}$, $794g\;kg^{-1}$, and 26.7, respectivly. The application effect of organic compost in the cultivation of ginseng shown that survival ratio of above ground plant of ginseng was shown the high value than control, and the ratio of root rot and red colored root were decreased. The optimal amount of organic fertilizer for ginseng seedling was $24M/T\;ha^{-1}$. The chemical properties of the ferilized soil were analyzed.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2009

This experiment was investigated to effect of divided rhizome size and medium type on survival rate and growth of wasabi for 60 days in controlled growth room. In divided rhizome size of 5mm above, survival rate was 100% and their growth (plant height of 12cm and leaf number of 3${\sim}$4 per plant) was good at 30 days after wrapped-sphagnum treatment. Plant height was 20cm above and number of leaves increased in 1-2 per plant at 60 days after treatment. Survival rate and growth didn't show any effect on plant regulator of root-tone. In inorganic media (saprolite and aerated light stone) treatment, survival rate of wasabi in divided size of 5${\sim}$10mm showed 83% or above at 30 days in deep flow culture. Growth did not show significant difference of inorganic support media treatments. Therefore, it is possible for divided rhizome size of 5mm above to do production of seedlings by acclimatize for 30 days in hydroponics under controlled growth chamber.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2022

Background/Objectives: This study analyzed the prognostic significance of clinico-pathologic factors including comprehensive nodal factors in parotid gland cancers (PGCs) patients and constructed a survival prediction model for PGCs patients using machine learning techniques. Materials & Methods: A total of 131 PGCs patients were enrolled in the study. Results: There were 19 cases (14.5%) of lymph nodes (LNs) at the lower neck level and 43 cases (32.8%) involved multiple level LNs metastases. There were 2 cases (1.5%) of metastases to the contralateral LNs. Intraparotid LNs metastasis was observed in 6 cases (4.6%) and extranodal extension (ENE) findings were observed in 35 cases (26.7%). Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion findings were observed in 42 cases (32.1%) and 49 cases (37.4%), respectively. Machine learning prediction models were constructed using clinico-pathologic factors including comprehensive nodal factors and Decision Tree and Stacking model showed the highest accuracy at 74% and 70% for predicting patient's survival. Conclusion: Lower level LNs metastasis and LNR have important prognostic significance for predicting disease recurrence and survival in PGCs patients. These two factors were used as important features for constructing machine learning prediction model. Our machine learning model could predict PGCs patient's survival with a considerable level of accuracy.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.39
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• pp.329-354
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• 2015

The major goals of this paper are to identify the degree into which the meanings of 'see' verb can be extended, focusing on the extended meanings shown in the expressions that denote our instinctive actions for survival, such as eating or drinking, etc., and to clarify the doubt on whether any syntactic pattern can be associated with the meaning in the process of meaning extension of 'see' verb. For doing this task, this paper picked out 2,000 examples randomly from COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English), in which the verb 'see' is used. This paper classified the sentences into thirteen different sentence types, according to the syntactic patterns. This research showed that these thirteen syntactic types lead us to figure out the process of the meaning extension of the verb 'see'. With this result, this paper made an attempt to provide the four steps toward the meaning extension of verb 'see'. The verb 'see' in the first step denotes the meaning of purely seeing the visualized objects. This verb in the second step expresses the shifted function, under which the agent in the subject position takes the seeing action as a secondary task in order to carry out other main task. The verb in the third step denotes the extended meanings irrelevant to the seeing action, because the sentences on this step do not contain any visualized objects. In the last step this verb functions as conventional implicature whose meaning does not contribute to the whole meaning of a sentence. In addition, this paper identified that the syntactic properties are deeply associated with the process of meaning extension of the verb 'see', and tried to formalize this relationship between the syntax and semantics within the framework of Construction Grammar based on A. Goldberg.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.210-216
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• 2014

The average and maximum temperature were $29.5^{\circ}C$ and $33.2^{\circ}C$ at 2:00 p.m. respectively, in the plastic-film house covered with shade net, and both of temperature were lower $0.6^{\circ}C$ and $1.3^{\circ}C$ than those of conventional shade. Light transmittance was 14% in the plastic-film house, while 9.9% in conventional shade during growing season from May to October. Withering time of aboveground part was on October 3rd in conventional shade with 60% of withering leaf, while it was on November 10th with 3.7% of withering leaf in the plastic-film house, about 40 days longer survival. The main disease incidence were 15% of anthracnose, 17% of leaf spot, 5% of phytophthora blight and 3% of gray mold in the conventional shade, while 0 ~ 0.1% disease incidence and 95% of emergence rate in the plastic-film house. The growth in the aboveground and underground part of ginseng was totally better, particularly characteristics affecting yield such as root length, main root length and diameter in the plastic-film house. The fresh weight was increased by 128% compared to the conventional shade and harvested roots per $3.3m^2$ were 36 roots in the conventional shade and 58 roots in the plastic-film house and futhermore yield per $3.3m^2$ was increased by 216% compared to the conventional shade. As covering materials, the rice straw in the plastic-film house was excellent. The ginsenoside contents affecting the quality of ginseng were higher in the plastic-film house indicating 0.333% of Rg1, 0.672% of Rb1, 0.730% of Rc and rate of red rusty root was less than 4.0 ~ 6.1%. Above the results, the quality of ginseng grown in the plastic-film house covered with shade net was improved than that of the conventional shade.