• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2014

Recently, surgical outcomes of repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) have improved. For patients with TOF older than 3 months, primary repair has been advocated regardless of symptoms. However, a surgical approach to symptomatic TOF in neonates or very young infants remains elusive. Traditionally, there have been two surgical options for these patients: primary repair versus an initial aortopulmonary shunt followed by repair. Early primary repair provides several advantages, including avoidance of shunt-related complications, early relief of hypoxia, promotion of normal lung development, avoidance of ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, and psychological comfort to the family. Because of advances in cardiopulmonary bypass techniques and accumulated experience in neonatal cardiac surgery, primary repair in neonates with TOF has been performed with excellent early outcomes (early mortality<5%), which may be superior to the outcomes of aortopulmonary shunting. A remaining question regarding surgical options is whether shunts can preserve the pulmonary valve annulus for TOF neonates with pulmonary stenosis. Symptomatic neonates and older infants have different anatomies of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstructions, which in neonates are nearly always caused by a hypoplastic pulmonary valve annulus instead of infundibular obstruction. Therefore, a shunt is less likely to preserve the pulmonary valve annulus than is primary repair. Primary repair of TOF can be performed safely in most symptomatic neonates. Patients who have had primary repair should be closely followed up to evaluate the RVOT pathology and right ventricular function.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2016

Background: Arthroscopic surgical repair is a better intervention than non-operative (conservative) treatment for patients with shoulder dislocations. This systematic review determined the numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) and relative risk reduction (RRR) associated with arthroscopic surgical repair versus non-operative treatment in reducing recurrence rates among patients with first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. Methods: We searched Google Scholar, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL from inception in 2015. All articles had to compare arthroscopic surgical repair and non-operative treatment and be written in English. We used the total number of subjects and the number of recurrent dislocations within each treatment to calculate the NNT and RRR for each study and the pooled data. Results: Six articles were selected and all clearly demonstrated that the arthroscopic surgical repair was more effective than non-operative treatment in reducing the recurrence episodes. The pooled NNT was 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]=NNT to benefit 1.50-2.13) and the pooled RRR was 86.0% (95% CI=77.0%-92.0%) among individuals who underwent arthroscopic repair. The average follow-up time was 56 months. Conclusions: A Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy level of evidence of 1 with a grade A recommendation supports the use of arthroscopic surgical repair over non-operative treatment in prevention of first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. We suggest that sports medicine practitioners consider the patients' age, occupation, and physical activity level when making a clinical decision.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2021

The surgical repair of an Achilles tendon acute rupture is a proven, traditional treatment for optimal functional recovery. However, concerns regarding complications such as re-rupture, wound problems and infections are driving new techniques, including minimally invasive approaches and nonoperative treatments. If we understand the characteristics and contemplate treatment strategies for possible complications, the surgical repair of the Achilles tendon is an attractive option and can be expected to yield satisfactory functional recovery.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2019

Surgical treatment to restore stability in the ankle and hindfoot and prevent further degenerative changes may be necessary in cases in which conservative treatment has failed. Anatomical direct repair using native ligament remnants with or without reinforcement of the inferior retinaculum is the so-called gold standard operative strategy for the treatment of lateral ankle instability. Non-anatomical lateral ligament reconstruction typically involves the use of the adjacent peroneus brevis tendon and applies only those with poor-quality ligaments. On the other hand, anatomic reconstruction and anatomic repair provide better functional outcomes after the surgical treatment of chronic ankle instability patients compared to a non-anatomic reconstruction. Anatomical reconstruction using an autograft or allograft applies to patients with insufficient ligament remnants to fashion direct repair, failed previous lateral ankle repair, high body mass index, or generalized ligamentous laxity. These procedures can provide good-to-excellent short-term outcomes. Arthroscopic ligament repair is becoming increasingly popular because it is minimally invasive. Good-to-excellent clinical outcomes have been reported after short and long-term follow-up, despite the relatively large number of complications, including nerve damage, reported following the procedure. Therefore, further investigation will be needed before widespread adoption is advocated.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.326-333
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• 1988

The results of surgical experience of double outlet right ventricle with pulmonic stenosis in 14 patients are reported. Among the 14 patients, 8 underwent the intraventricular tunnel repair with the result of 3 hospital deaths, 5 had Fontan type operations due to the various anatomic reasons and resulted in one hospital death, and the remaining one patient had palliative pulmonary valvotomy. Besides the problems related to the effective relief of the pulmonic stenosis, double outlet right ventricle with pulmonic stenosis may present a surgical challenge because severe associated anomalies which definitely complicate their repair are not uncommon. We describe the anatomic details of our 14 cases of DORV with PS and the surgical results. The results having been unsatisfactory, more meticulous diagnostic studies for the detailed intracardiac morphologies and the strict indication for their repair with the refinement of surgical technique seem necessary for the better surgical results.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2021

Surgical treatments for chronic lateral ankle instability include anatomic repair, anatomic reconstruction using an auto or allograft, non-anatomic reconstruction, and arthroscopic repair. Open anatomic repair using the native ligament with or without reinforcement of the inferior extensor retinaculum is commonly performed in patients with sufficient ligament quality. Non-anatomical reconstruction using the adjacent peroneus brevis tendon is typically used only in patients with poor-quality ligament remnants or when previous repair failed. Anatomical reconstruction can be considered in patients in whom anatomical repair is expected to fail and when performed using auto or allografts can provide good to excellent short-term results, although the long-term outcomes of these methods remain unclear. Arthroscopic repair can provide good to excellent short-term clinical outcomes, but evidence supporting this technique is limited. The advantages and disadvantages of various surgical methods should be compared, and appropriate treatment should be implemented based on patient characteristics.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 2020

Rotator cuff tear is often cited as a reason for shoulder pain and dysfunction in patients > 40 years of age. Surgical repair of rotator cuff tear is one of the most commonly performed orthopedic surgical procedures. Until now, the success rate of surgical repair for rotator cuff tear has not been satisfactory. Many factors influence the process of rotator cuff repair such as the presence of tendinosis and fatty infiltration, but the main factor is the difficulty in achieving healing at the tendon to bone interface. There is a clinical need for bioengineering approaches to promote regeneration of the native enthesis and reduce the poor outcomes after surgical repair. Toward this end, the design and fabrication of multiphasic or hierarchically structured scaffolds have received great attention. This manuscript deals with information on the tendon to bone interface and tries to find out why a multiphasic scaffold is necessary to reproduce it and considerations that need to be taken into to make an ideal scaffold.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.354-359
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• 2023

This case report describes the clinical presentation and successful surgical repair of a diaphragmatic hernia-related small intestinal strangulation in a neonatal foal. A nine-day-old foal presented with colic signs and respiratory distress. History taking showed that the dam of the foal experienced difficulty during delivery, and the owner assisted in delivery by pulling on the foal. Radiography and ultrasonography confirmed the diaphragmatic rent and the presence of a small intestine within the thoracic cavity. Surgical intervention was required to repair the diaphragmatic defect and address the intestinal strangulation. The diaphragm was reconstructed, and the nonviable incarcerated portion of the small intestine was resected and anastomosed using an end-to-end technique. This unusual case report provides insights into the surgical repair and outcomes of an acquired diaphragmatic hernia in a neonatal foal.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.346-352
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• 2020

Background: We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent surgical repair of Kommerell diverticulum (KD) with individualized surgical methods. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of adult patients (aged ≥17 years) who underwent surgery to treat KD between June 2008 and October 2019. Results: Nine patients (median age, 45 years; range, 19-67 years; 7 men) underwent surgical repair. The indications for surgical therapy were acute aortic dissection in 2 patients, the presence of compressive symptoms due to dilated KD in 4 patients, and aneurysm growth in 3 patients. Various surgical techniques were used: (1) resection of the diverticulum stump and revascularization of the aberrant subclavian artery (n=3), (2) one-stage total-arch replacement including the diverticulum segment (n=3), and (3) hybrid repair (n=3). Early mortality occurred in 1 case of hybrid repair. Transient paraparesis occurred in a patient who underwent total arch repair as part of complicated acute aortic dissection. During follow-up (median duration, 30 months; range, 7-130 months), no late death or associated aortic complications were documented. All survivors were free from symptoms and had no abnormal findings on follow-up computed tomography. Conclusion: With a customized surgical approach and appropriate consideration of patient-specific anatomy and associated comorbidities, KD can be repaired with favorable outcomes.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.91-104
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• 2023

Unilateral cleft lip is a common congenital anomaly that affects the appearance and function of the upper lip and nose. Surgical repair of cleft lip aims to restore the normal anatomy and functionality of the affected structures. In recent years, several advances have been made in the field of cleft lip repair, including new surgical techniques and approaches. This comprehensive review discusses the surgical management of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and provides step-by-step instructions for the surgical procedures.