• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2023

Scholars have proposed wafer-level bonding and three-dimensional (3D) stacked integrated circuit (IC) and have investigated Cu-Cu bonding to overcome the limitation of Moore's law. However, information about quantitative Cu-Cu direct-bonding conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and interfacial adhesion energy, is scant. This study determines the optimal temperature and pressure for Cu-Cu bonding by varying the bonding temperature to 100, 150, 200, 250, and 350 ℃ and pressure to 2,303 and 3,087 N/cm². Various conditions and methods for surface treatment were performed to prevent oxidation of the surface of the sample and remove organic compounds in Cu direct bonding as variables of temperature and pressure. EDX experiments were conducted to confirm chemical information on the bonding characteristics between the substrate and Cu to confirm the bonding mechanism between the substrate and Cu. In addition, after the combination with the change of temperature and pressure variables, UTM measurement was performed to investigate the bond force between the substrate and Cu, and it was confirmed that the bond force increased proportionally as the temperature and pressure increased.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1999

캐비테이션 터널에서 캐비티가 발생한 프로펠러에 의하여 평판에 작용하는 변동압력이 계측정도를 향상시키고, 프로펠러 회전수 영향을 최소화 하였다. Sydney Express선의 프로펠러 변동압력에 대한 타기관의 계측치 특성과 비교한 결과 당 연구소 계측치는 매우 안정적 경향을 보였다. 그리고 모형선과 실선의 변동압력 계측치 및 평판에 작용하는 변동압력 계측치의 크기와 경향을 비교한다. 평판의 변동압력 계측치로부터 실선 변동압력을 추정코자 양력면 이론에 의한 수치계산에 의해 도출된 강체경계율을 적용하여 타당성을 확인하였다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.48-51
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• 2013

The thermal contact resistance (TCR) is one of the important components in the cryogenic systems. Especially, cryogenic measurement devices using a cryocooler can be affected by TCR because the systems have to consist of several metal components in contact with each other for heat transferring to the specimen without cryogen. Therefore, accurate measurement and understanding of TCR is necessary for the design of cryogenic measurement device using a cryocooler. The TCR occurs at the interface between metals and it can be affected by variable factors, such as roughness of metal surface, contact area and contact pressure. In this study, we designed TCR measurement system at various temperatures using a cryocooler as a heat sink and used steady state method to measure the TCR between metals. The copper is selected as a specimen in the experiment because it is widely used as a heat transfer medium in the cryogenic measurement devices. The TCR between Cu and Cu is measured for various temperatures and contact pressures. The effect of the interfacial materials on the TCR is also investigated.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1988

Laser cutting system uses a gas jet to remove the molten or varpozed material from the workpiece. The quality of the laser cut can be strongly influenced by the gas flow charac- teristics formed through the nozzle. Laser cutting experiments were carried out for SS41 and SUS 304 to investigate the relationship between cut quality and cutting pressure. The cutting speed, nozzle pressure and nozzle to workpiece distance were also considered. The cut specimens were inspected by various manners such as dross observation, surface roughness test and kerf width measurement. Based on the data of pressure measurement on workpiece and the results of cut surface inspection, the influence of the considered cutting conditions on cut quality could be evaluated. The results of this study will be valuable in planning the optimal laser cutting process and in designing the laser cutting nozzle.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1077-1087
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• 2002

The heat (mass) transfer characteristics on the blade surface of a high-turning first-stage turbine rotor for power generation has been investigated by employing the naphthalene sublimation technique. A four-axis profile measurement system is developed successfully for the measurements of local sublimation depth on the curved surface In the leading edge region, there is a good agreement between the present heat (mass) transfer data and the previous result on a turbine blade with a moderate turning angle, but some discrepancies are found in the mid-chord heat (mass) transfer between the two results. The local heat (mass) transfer on the present suction surface is greatly enhanced due to an earlier boundary transition, compared with that on a turbine blade with a moderate turning angle, meanwhile there is only a slight change in the pressure-side heat (mass) transfer between the two different turbine rotors. In general, the heat (mass) transfer augmentation by the endwall vortices is found much higher on the suction surface than on the pressure surface.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2004

본 논문은 과도상태의 압력데이터로부터 평형상태의 압력을 예측하는 방법을 제시하고 있다. 압력을 측정하는 곳과 압력센서는 튜브로 연결되어져 있다. 측정하고자하는 압력 (측정압력)이 높은 경우에는 압력센서가 빠른 시간 내에 측정압력에 반응을 한다. 그러나 매우 낮은 압력을 측정하는 경우에는 압력센서가 실시간으로 측정압력에 반응을 하지 못하여 압력지연현상이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 압력지연현상을 파악하고자 여러 가지 실험이 수행되었다. 본 연구의 제시된 평형압력예측방법은 낮은 압력을 측정함에 있어서 측정시간을 단축시킬 수 있다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.69-73
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• 1988

The effects of journal speed and bearing load on pressure distribution and the temperature distribution of bearing surface are investigated experimentally. The journal bearing which has 219.94mm diameter, length-to-diameter ratio of L/D=0.8 and clearance ratio of 0.004 is used. Journal has a built-in pressure transducer for the measurement of pressure distribution in the mid plane of bearing. Bearing surface temperatures are measured at 60 points. The bearing load is varied from 300 N to 5900 N and journal speed from 300 rpm to 2500 rpm. As the load is increased under constant speed, the location of maximum pressure moves to the site of minimum film thickness, and maximum pressure and absolute value of minimum pressure are increased. The temperature distribution in vicinity of oil inlet shows that heated lubricant's carry-over exists around the oil inlet.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.23-33
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• 1992

The distribution of the pressure between the sole of a feet and a supporting surface can reveal the information about the structure and fonction of the foot and the posural control of the whole body. In particular, the measurement of the vertical contact forces between the plantar surface of the foot and the shoe insole is of great importance to reveal the loading distributio patterns incurred from a particular shoe midsole design. In order to investigate the plantar surface pressure distribution, an insole-type sensor with a piezoelectric material is developed and tested. The present paper describes a new method to completely reduce both the shear force and pyroelectric effects that are normally caused from piezoelectric materials.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1619-1624
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• 2004

Experimental study of separated flow over a NACA0012 airfoil is conducted at $Re=2{\times}10^5$ when periodic wakes pass over the airfoil. The wakes are periodically generated by circular cylinders upstream of the airfoil. The measurement of surface pressure and surface visualization at various angles of attack are carried out without and with passing wakes. Without passing wakes, a separation bubble at the leading edge of the suction surface is formed at an angle of attack, found from a local plateau in the streamwise pressure distribution and two distinct lines in the surface flow visualization. With passing wakes, however, the bubble disappears. Owing to passing wakes, the lift increases at high angle of attack and the angle of stall also increases.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2001

This work is concerned with construction of the intelligence stress predictor far compression strength evaluation using neural network-ultrasonic waves. The contact pressure in jointed plates was measured by using ultrasonic technique. Neural network is used to evaluate and predict contact pressure from the results of the calibration curves. The organized neural system was leaned with the accuracy of 99%, as a result of learning the ultrasonic echo ratio to the contact pressure measurement between SM45C and STS410 materials. And it could be evaluated and predicted with the accuracy of 90% in the evaluation of ultrasonic echo ratio difference in the same surface roughness and contact pressure, and 85% in the prediction of virtual ultrasonic echo ratio. Thus the proposed stress predictor is very useful for the evaluation and prediction of the contact pressure between SM45C and STS410 materials.