• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.241-255
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• 2017

Concrete is known to be the most used construction material worldwide. The environmental and economic aspects of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) containing concrete have led research studies to investigate the possibility of incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in concrete. Metakaolin (MK) is one SCM with high pozzolanic reactivity generated throughout the thermal activation of high purity kaolinite clay at a temperature ranging from $500^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$. Although many studies have evaluated the effect of MK on mechanical properties of concrete and have reported positive effects, limited articles are considering the effect of MK on durability properties of concrete. Considering the lifetime assessment of concrete structures, the durability of concrete has become of particular interest recently. In the present work, the influences of MK on mechanical and durability properties of concrete mixtures are evaluated. Various experiments such as slump flow test, compressive strength, water permeability, freeze and thaw cycles, rapid chloride penetration and surface resistivity tests were carried out to determine mechanical and durability properties of concretes. Concretes made with the incorporation of MK revealed better mechanical and durability properties compared to control concretes due to combined pozzolanic reactivity and the filler effect of MK.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.46-47
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• 2018

High performance concrete with low water-to-cement ratio has been widely used with increased demand of high rising buildings and huge scaled structures. Additionally, for high performance concrete, various SCMs are replaced to improve its performance from fresh state to hardened state. With the drawback of increased viscosity of the concrete mixture for high performance concrete, low-viscosity typed high range water reducer is the relatively new admixture. Therefore, as a goal of the research, under using various SCMs with wide range of content, the performance of low-viscosity typed high range water reducer was evaluated. Especially, in this research, the influence of low-viscosity typed high range water reducer on rheological properties including plastic viscosity and yield stress were assessed. As a result of the research, it is expected to provide a fundamental information of low -viscosity typed high ranged water reducer on high performance concrete with various conditions of SCMs.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.751-764
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• 2020

Real-time monitoring of stiffness and strength in cement based system has received significant attention in past few decades owing to the development of advanced techniques. Also, use of environment friendly supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) in cement, though gaining huge interest, severely affect the strength gain especially in early ages. Continuous monitoring of strength- and stiffness- gain using an efficient technique will systematically facilitate to choose the suitable time of removal of formwork for structures made with SCM incorporated concrete. This paper presents a technique for monitoring the strength and stiffness evolution in hydrating fly ash blended cement systems using electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) based technique. It is important to observe that the slower pozzolanic reactivity of fly ash blended cement systems could be effectively tracked using the evolution of equivalent local stiffness of the hydrating medium. Strength prediction models are proposed for estimating the strength and stiffness of the fly ash cement system, where curing age (in terms of hours/days) and the percentage replacement of cement by fly ash are the parameters. Evaluation of strength as obtained from EMI characteristics is validated with the results from destructive compression test and also compared with the same obtained from commonly used ultrasonic wave velocity (UPV). Statistical error indices indicate that the EMI technique is capable of predicting the strength of fly ash blended cement system more accurate than that from UPV. Further, the correlations between stiffness- and strength- gain over the time of hydration are also established. From the study, it is found that EMI based method can be effectively used for monitoring of strength gain in the fly ash incorporated cement system during hardening.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.407-417
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• 2018

Over the past three decades, self-compacting concrete (SCC), which is characterized by its superior rheological properties, has been gradually used in construction industry. It is now recognized that the application of SCC using supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is highly attractive and promising technology reducing the environmental impact of the construction industry and reducing the higher materials costs. This paper presents an experimental study that investigated the mechanical and durability properties of SCCs manufactured with blended binders including fly ash, slag, and micro-silica. A total of 8 batches of SCCs were manufactured. As series of tests were conducted to establish the rheological properties, compressive strength, and durability properties including the water absorption, water permeability, rapid chloride permeability and initial surface absorption of the SCCs. The influences of the SCC strength grade, blended types and content on the properties of the SCCs are investigated. Unified reactive indices are proposed based on the mix proportion and the chemical composition of the corresponding binders are used to assess the compressive strength and strength development of the SCCs. The results also indicate the differences in the underlying mechanisms to drive the durability properties of the SCC at the different strength grades.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.439-449
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• 2008

혼화재를 사용한 혼합콘크리트는 콘크리트의 품질을 개선시키며 지속가능한 콘크리트구조물의 건설에도 기여하고 있다. 실리카퓸 (SF), 고로슬래그미분말 (GGBS), 플라이애쉬 (PFA) 등의 시멘트계 결합재는 고성능콘크리트의 혼화재로서 인식이 증가되고 있으나, 삼성분계 혼합콘크리트에 대한 연구는 매우 제한적이며, 특히 염해에 의한 부식저항성 측면에서의 연구는 상당히 취약한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 보통포틀랜드시멘트의 경우를 50%의 치환율로 고정한 후 고로슬래그미분말의 경우는 $20{\sim}40%$, 실리카퓸의 경우에는 $5{\sim}15%$, 플라이애쉬의 경우는 $10{\sim}45%$로 치환한 경우의 각종 배합에 의한 염해부식저항성에 관한 실험연구를 수행하였다. 삼성분계 혼합콘크리트의 염해부식저항성을 평가한 본 연구에서는, 수행 실험으로서 부식 저항성 실험, 염소이온 고정화 능력 실험, 급속 염화물 촉진 실험, 산중성화 저항 능력 실험 등을 수행하였다. 연구 결과로서, 삼성분계 콘크리트는 미세구조를 치밀화 하여 염소이온의 이동을 지연시키고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 염분을 함유한 삼성분계 혼합콘크리트 내의 염소이온 고정화 능력 및 산중성화 저항 능력이 크게 개선되고 있음을 확인하여 염해에 대한 부식 저항성이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.