• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.141-154
• /
• 2015

Objective : In this paper, we investigated the anti-oxidative capacities and protective effects of water extract of palmul-tang (PMT) against Ultraviolet B(UVB)-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes(HaCaT). Method : To evaluate the anti-oxidative activities of PMT, we measured scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and reducing power of PMT. To give an oxidative stress to HaCaT cells, UVB was irradiated with $40mJ/cm^2$ to HaCaT cells. To detect the protective effects of PMT against UVB, we measured cell viability, apoptotic bodies and reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. Results : PMT showed the anti-oxidative activities by scavenging DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation. Also PMT showed high reducing values. The UVB-induced oxidative conditions led to the cell apoptosis. However, treatment with PMT reduced oxidative stress conditions, including inhibition of cell apoptosis and expression of ROS. Conclusion : PMT had anti-oxidative activities and exhibited protective effects against UVB on HaCaT cells. PMT would be useful for the development of cosmetics treating UVB-induced skin aging.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.475-484
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we studied the anti-oxidative capacities and protective effects of water extract of Gagam-Danguieumja(GDE) against Ultraviolet B(UVB)-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes(HaCaT). To evaluate the anti-oxidative activities of GDE, we measured scavenging activities on DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and reducing power of GDE. To detect the protective effects of GDE against UVB, we irradiated with 40 mJ/㎠`s UVB to HaCaT cells then we measured reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation, apoptotic bodies and cell viability using DCFH-DA assay, Hoechst 33342 staining and MTT assay. GDE showed the anti-oxidative activities by scavenging DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation. Also GDE showed high reducing values. GDE reduced oxidative stress conditions by inhibition of ROS expression. Also the cell apoptosis by UVB-induced oxidative conditions was decreased by GDE treatment. These results could suggest that GDE had anti-oxidative activities and exhibited protective effects against UVB on HaCaT cells. GDE would be useful for the development of cosmetics treating UVB-induced skin aging.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.295-301
• /
• 2008

In this study, the antioxidant activities of red pepper seed kimchi extracts were examined. The extracts were evaluated by various antioxidant assays that included determinations of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power. All the kimchi extracts showed strong antioxidant activities by the tested methods. The 7% red pepper seed kimchi that was fermented for 6 days possessed the highest activity according to the performed tests. Yet, the highest scavenging activity was exhibited against nitrite, by extracts from kimchi for 0 day of fermentation rather than 6 days. All the activities for the kimchi fermented for 0 day with the addition of 7% red pepper seed increased markedly with an increase in concentration. With the exception of metal chelating and SOD activities, for the antioxidant properties assayed, the red pepper seed kimchi extracts were found to be highly effective.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.423-428
• /
• 1996

A superoxide anion radical scavenger isolated from Capsella bursa-pastoris was characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, sugar analysis, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, $^{1}H$ and $^{13}C$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, and fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass analysis. The compound was assumed to be a flavonoid-O-glycoside from IR spectrum and UV absorption maxima. When the sugar composition of the compound was examined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) of the acid hydrolysate, only glucose was detected. According to the results of UV spectrotroscopy by using shift reagents, the compound was supposed to be luteolin (5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy flavone) or chrysoeriol (5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy flavone) with glucose. Based on $^{1}H$- and $^{13}C-NMR$ spectroscopies, the compound was deduced as 7,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxy-${\alpha}$-6-c-glucosyl-${\beta}$-2"-o-glucosyl flavone. In FAB mass analysis the compound was finally characterized as 7,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxy-${\alpha}$-6-c-glucosyl-${\beta}$-2"-o-glucosyl flavone ($C_{29}H_{34}O_{16}$, M.W.=638).

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.76-96
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of Jogantanggagambang(JGTG). Methods: In the study of anti-oxidant activities, JGTG was investigated by DPPH radical scavenger activity, superoxide dismutase activity and superoxide anion radical scavenger activity. In the study of anti-inflammatory effects, JGTG was investigated using cultured cells and murine models. As for the parameters of inflammation, levels of several inflammatory cytokines and chemical mediators which are known to be related to inflammation were measured in mouse lung fibroblast cells(mLFCs) and RAW264.7 cells. Results: 1. JGTG showed a safety in cytotoxicity and toxicity of liver. 2. JGTG effected scavenging activity on DPPH free radical, superoxide dismutase and superoxide anion radical. 3. JGTG in RAW 264.7 cell decreased IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA expression, IL-6 mRNA expression, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression at 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and also decreased NOS-II mRNA expression at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and decreased COX-2 mRNA expression at 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 4. JGTG in RAW 264.7 cell decreased significantly IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ at 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 5. JGTG inhibited significantly IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ production in serum of acute inflammation-induced mice. 6. JGTG decreased significantly IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA production in spleen tissue. Conclusion: These results suggest that JGTG can be used for treating diverse female diseases caused by inflammation

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.581-588
• /
• 2019

In this study, S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge extract was testified total polyphenol contents, electron donating ability on DPPH, and scavenging ability of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide. Total polyphenol contents of S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge extract were 7,053.30±915.93 ㎍ GAE/mL. In the fractions, fraction by ethanol was the highest content of 10,973.30±1,000.24 ㎍ GAE/mL. Fractions of ethyl acetate and water were 2,386.70±166.53 ㎍ GAE/mL, 2,413.30±41.63 ㎍ GAE/mL respectively. It was shown that total content of polyphenol according to solvent was significant relation at p<0.05. In the experiment of the electron donating ability, 70% ethanol extract and methylene chloride fraction were -246.15±24.17%, -254.01± 16.54% respectively. In case of ethyl acetate fraction, it was the highest electron donating ability to DPPH radical, 39.06±0.34%, and then water fraction of 36.71±5.55%, ethanol fraction of 29.77±2.57%, gradually. Electron donating abilities revealed significant difference (p<0.05) between the solvents. The superoxide radical scavenging ability of standard material was 0.029±0.0011; 70% ethanol extract of 0.022±0.00052, methylene chloride fraction of 0.027±0.00031, ethyl acetate fraction of 0.024±0.0011, ethanol fraction of 0.021±0.00024 and water fraction of 0.024±0.00019. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability of 70% ethanol extract was -0.0029±0.00040 and the others were as follow; methylene chloride fraction (-0.0042±0.00058), ethyl acetate fraction (-0.003± 0.0041), ethanol fraction (-0.0029±0.0015) and water fraction (-0.0028±0.00090).

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate anti-aging and antioxidant effects of extracts of Nelumbo nucifera leaves (NN-L) using ethanol on skin .Methods : Each part of leaves(NN-L), flowers(NN-F) and stem(NN-S) was extracted with 70% ethanol. We performed radical scavenging assay(DPPH, ABTS+, Superoxide anion radical), elastase inhibition assay, collagenase inhibition assay. NN-L extracts were tested for cell viability(MTT assay), MMP-1 inhibition and MMP-1 protein expression on CCD-986sk cells (human fibroblast line).Results : Recently, many studies have reported that elastin is also involved in inhibiting or repairing wrinkle formation, although collagen is a major factor in the skin wrinkle formation. We measured its free radical scavenging activity, elastase inhibitory activity and expression of MMP-1 (matrix metalloprotease-1) in human fibroblast cells. Among the parts of Nelumbo nucifera, NN-L showed the highest antioxidant activities and in radical scavenging. DPPH, ABTS+ and Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity of NN-L at concentration of 1,000 μg/mL were 91.43%, 99.31% and 73.7% respectively. In vitro elastase and collagenase inhibition effects of NN-L at concentration of 1,000 μg/mL was 42.8% and 55.3% respectively. The ethanol extract of NN-L showed cell viability of 95.4% in 50 μg/mL concentration. In addition, The results from Western blot assay showed that NN-L decreased the expression of MMP-1 protein in a dose-dependent manner (by up to 35.0% at 50 μM).Conclusion : The findings suggest that the NN-L great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.391-399
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to improve the antioxidative activity of instant noodles containing enzymatic extracts from Ecklonia cava (EEC). EEC has relatively better antioxidative activity than extracts from other indigenous plants in Jeju Island. The EEC (2.5 mg/mL) had 82.5% for the hydroxy radical, 78.4% for the DPPH radical, and 64.9% for the superoxide anion radical scavenging activities, and 65.2% for the cell viability (100 ${\mu}g/mL$). According to the texture of the dough, the DPPH free radical scavenging of uncooked instant noodles, sensory evaluation of cooked instant noodles, and turbidity of the cooking drip, the optimal EEC concentration was 1.8% for the instant noodles. The major amino acids in the instant noodles with EEC were glutamic acid (24.2%), proline (10.2%), valine (10.0%), and isoleucine (12.3%). The zinc and iron in the instant noodles were enhanced by adding 1.5-1.8% EEC. The antioxidant activity of instant noodles with EEC was 75.4% for the hydroxy radical, 74.1% for the DPPH radical, and 51.2 % for the superoxide anion radical scavenging activities.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2008

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide anion scavenging activity, in vitro antilipid peroxidation activity and in vitro non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation were studied. The results obtained in the study indicate that Cleome rutidosperma is a potential source of natural antioxidant. All the parameters were found to be concentration dependent and increased with increasing amounts of sample. Flavonoids, phenolic compound like tannins, terpenoids may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant. Variation of solubility parameters in various models may be attributed to non-linearity of activity of ethanol extract fractions models. Further investigation on the isolation and identification of antioxidant component(s) in the plant may lead to chemical entities with potential for clinical use.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.390-395
• /
• 2004

The methanol extract obtained from the aerial parts of Aceriphyllum rossii (Saxifragaceae) was fractionated into ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-BuOH and $H_2O$ layers through solvent fractionation. Repeated silica gel column chromatography of EtOAc and n-BuOH layers afforded six flavonol glycosides. They were identified as kaempferol 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin, 1), quercetin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (isoquercitrin, 2), kaempferol 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl $(1{\to}6)-\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O$\alpha$-L-rharnnopyranosyl $(1{\to}6)-\beta$-D-qlucopyrano-side (rutin, 4), kaempferol 3-O-[$\alpha$-L-rharnnopyranosyl $(1{\to}4)-\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl $(1{\to}6)-\beta$-D-glucopyranoside] (5) and quercetin 3-O-[$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl $(1{\to}4)\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl $(1{\to}6)\beta$-D-glucopyranoside] (6) on the basis of several spectral data. The antioxidant activity of the six compounds was investigated using two free radicals such as the ABTS free radical and superoxide anion radical. Compound 1 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in the ABTS $\{2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)\}$ radical scavenging method. 100 mg/L of compound 1 was equivalent to $72.1\pm1.4\;mg/L$ of vitamin C, and those of compounds 3 and 5 were equivalent to $62.7\pm0.5\;mg/L$ and $54.3\pm1.3\;mg/L$ of vitamin C, respectively. And in the superoxide anion radical scavenging method, compound 5 exhibited the highest activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $17.6{\pm}0.3{\mu}M$. In addition, some physical and spectral data of the flavonoids were confirmed.