• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.545-554
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• 2014

In general, odorant was added to fuel gases, such as LPG, LNG and city gas, to prevent gas poisoning, ignition, explosion, or other accident caused by fuel gases, and to enable immediate and easy detection of fuel-gas leakage by emitting an offensive smell. This study describes a study on the exhaust emissions characteristics and fuel economy of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) vehicle using LPG fuel with new sulfur free odorant. New sulfur free odorant was added to LPG to reduce sulfur content of the LPG. Its performance and exhaust emission were compared to those of LPG with sulfur containing odorant (EM, ethyl mercaptan). Engine performance using LPG with sulfur free odorant was similar to that with sulfur-containing odorant. Exhaust emissions from the LPG vehicle with LPG including sulfur free odorant were also similar to those with LPG including sulfur containing odorant in the FTP 75 and NEDC mode. There experimental results suggest that the sulfur free odorant may substitute for the sulfur containing odorant in LPG fuel.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2014

일반적으로 황분계 부취제는 연료가스에 인한 가스중독, 발화, 폭발 등의 사고를 방지하고, 배출가스에 의해 연료 가스 누출의 즉각적으로 손쉽게 검출할 수 있도록 LPG, LNG 그리고 도시가스와 같은 연료가스에 첨가 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 비황분계 부취제(K-Petro S-Free)를 사용한 LPG 혼합연료의 엔진 성능과 배출가스(CO, THC, $CO_2$, $NO_x$, $SO_2$ ) 특성을 살펴보았다. 새로운 비황분계 부취제를 40mg/kg를 혼합한 LPG 연료(여름용, 겨울용)와 현재 사용 중인 황분계 부취제 (EM, ethyl mercaptan)를 혼합한 LPG 연료의 엔진 성능과 배출가스 특성을 실험하였다. 비황분계 부취제를 혼합한 LPG 연료의 엔진 성능은 황분계 부취제를 혼합한 LPG 연료와 비교할 때 비슷한 결과를 보여 주었다. 한편, 비황분계 부취제를 혼합한 LPG 연료의 엔진 배출가스 중 CO, THC, $CO_2$, $NO_x$은 황분계 부취제를 혼합한 LPG 연료와 비교할 때 비슷한 특성을 보였다. 그러나 2,000rpm에서 배출가스 중 $SO_2$은 비황분계 부취제를 혼합한 LPG 연료가 황분계 부취제를 혼합한 LPG 연료보다 83% 감소하는 우수한 결과를 보였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2014

일반적으로 황분계 부취제는 연료가스로 인한 가스중독, 발화, 폭발 등의 사고를 방지하고, 배출가스에 의해 연료 가스 누출의 즉각적으로 손쉽게 검출할 수 있도록 LPG, 그리고 도시가스와 같은 연료가스에 첨가 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 황을 함유한 가스용 부취제를 대체하여 연료의 저황분화와 금속 부식성을 낮출 수 있는 LPG 연료용 비황분계 부취제 개발을 위하여 실험하였다. 비황분계 부취제는 황을 함유하지 않는 12개의 부취물질을 선정하였으며, 직접 관능법에 의한 취질과 취기 평가를 실험하였다. 최종 선정된 혼합 부취물질은 methyl isovalerate, methyl acrylate, 2-ethyl-3-methyl pyrazine이며, 이때 조성비는 50% : 40% : 10% 이다. 최종 비황분계 부취제(K-Petro S-Free)는 LPG 연료에 40 wt ppm 혼합하여 품질평가, 금속 부식성 평가 그리고 장기 안정성 평가를 실험하였다. 이 때 LPG 연료용 비황분계 부취제는 국내 LPG 연료의 품질기준을 모두 만족하였다. 또한 금속에 대한 부식성에는 영향이 없으며, 60일간의 장기 안정성 평가에서 LPG연료의 조성에 영향을 주지 않았다. 따라서 최종 선정된 비황분계 부취제(K-Petro S-Free)는 LPG 연료의 첨가제로서 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2012

The effects of sulfur dioxide on paper were investigated since these sulfur compounds could cause damages on cellulose and organic materials in papers. For the reason, exposure ageing tests were performed on traditional Korean paper (Hanji) and two different types of modern paper (acid-free and acid paper) to determine the damage with regard to the optical as well as physicochemical properties according to the varying $SO_2$ concentration. As a result, optical properties were not changed while physical and chemical peoperties were remarkably changed with the exposure period. In the case of pH, $SO_2$ had little impact on the pH of the Hanji and acid-free paper while the pH of acid paper was remarkably decreased. The decrease of the folding endurance of the Hanji was relatively smaller than those of the acid-free and acid paper. The results prove Hanji was more resistant to $SO_2$ than the modern paper in terms of optical, physical and chemical properties. In addition, it was also suggested that $SO_2$ concentration should be kept below 0.01 ppm for the preservation of paper objects.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.917-920
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• 2001

Effects of addition of manganese and final reduction on segregation behavior of sulfur and final mangetic induction during final annealing have been investigated in the 300 ppm sulfur-contained 3% silicon-iron alloy strips with or without manganese. At the same concentration of sulfur, lower final reduction is favorable for final Goss texture. This is because the probability that the initial Goss grains survive under the highly segregated sulfur atmosphere and grow selectively within the segregated sulfur-free time range becomes higher. In the case of 3% silicon-iron with manganese, much lower magnetic induction was obtained, although the weak final reduction of 30% is given to the alloy, comparative to the 40%. This is because MnS particles acted as an reducer in the primary grain size.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1118-1121
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• 1994

Reactions of alkaline metal carbonates with sulfur are investigated in detail. The evolution of CO and a trace of $SO_2$ were observed in the course of reaction with major component of polysulfides. Some evidences that the reaction proceeds with breaking of terminal sulfur-sulfur bond in the sulfur polymer, and forming CO, $SO_2$ and polysulfide are presented. Polysulfides have the role of keeping free sulfur and allow it to react with other chemicals to rather high temperatures.plexes, whereas the binuclear and mononuclear complexes of Mn$^{2+}$ and Co$^{2+}$

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.164-168
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• 1979

In the previous paper, it was reported that formation of desirable calcium alunimate(CA) in clinker was considerably affected by sulfur-contaminated alumina which was prone to form a disadvantageous mineral, $C_4A_3S$. In this study, however, sulphate-free alumina cement was made from sulfur-free alumina refined from alunite and corresponding materials. The major minerals in the clinker were identified by X-ray diffraction patterns as calcium aluminate (CA), calcium dialuminate $(CA_2)$ and dicalcium alumino silicate $(C_2AS)$. The formation of CA was more effective with decreasing contents of silica to 2 per cent or less and sulfur in the refined alumina. Physical properties of prepared alumina cement such as setting time, stability and compressive strength were measured. The values were similar to those of commercial alumina cements.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1853-1855
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• 2005

• 신재생에너지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2020

Operational testing of the THIOPAQ^® facility that removes H₂S from landfill gas was performed for 746 days. The average H₂S removal efficiency was 99.4%, and the input quantities of air, NaOH, and nutrients per sulfur load were 13.1 ㎥/ton, 1.5 ㎥/ton, and 28.7 L/ton, respectively. The purity of the bio-sulfur produced from the facility was 94.8%, with 3.3% impurities, except for moisture. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the compositional contents of amino acids and free amino acids of the bio-sulfur surface were 5,308 and 728 mg/kg, respectively. The mean particle size was 3.41 ㎛, which was much smaller than that of chemical sulfur. Based on these results, a high H₂S removal rate of more than 97% is feasible, and high value-added bio-sulfur, which is used as a fungicide because of its hydrophilic characteristics and small size, can be obtained at this facility.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2021

Comprehensive utilization of sulfur-containing iron tailings (SIT) not only solves environmental problems but also creates certain economic value. The iron element from SIT was enriched by the superconducting high gradient magnetic separation (S-HGMS) technology in this study. In the experiments, the total iron content (TFe) was increased from 26.3% to 60.5% with the total sulfur content (TS) of 5.9% under the optimal parameters, i.e., a magnetic flux density of 0.4 T, a slurry flow rate of 1500 mL/min. The high-quality sulfur-containing material with TFe of more than 60% was obtained, which can be used for preparing high-sulfur free cutting steel. The S-HGMS technology can realize the resource utilization of iron tailings with high added value.