• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.967-971
• /
• 2004

The kinetics of sulfite uptake were examined in a wild-type laboratory strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to determine if carrier-mediated sulfite uptake involved a proton symport, as previous studies on sulfite uptake have suggested both an active process and facilitated diffusion. Accumulation of intracellular sulfite was initially rapid and linear up to 50 sec. Uptake was saturable at final concentrations equal to or greater than 3 mM sulfite, and increased 2-fold in the presence of 2% glucose. Uptake was significantly reduced in cells pretreated with 100-500 $\mu$M carbonyl cyanide mchlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) or 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), both of which dissipate proton gradients. Uptake was also significantly inhibited in the presence of 1 mM arsenate, an inhibitor of ATP synthesis. Extracellular alkalization was observed in cells incubated with 1-2 mM sulfite in a weak tartrate buffer at pH 3.5 and 4.5. These findings suggest that the bisulfite ion, $HSO_3^-$, an anionic form of sulfite, is taken up by a carrier-mediated proton symport. A met16 sull sul2 mutant, impaired in both sulfite formation and sulfate uptake, was found able to grow on a medium with sulfite as the sole Sulfur source, indicating that the sulfate transporters Sul1p and Sul2p are not required for sulfite uptake.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.144-148
• /
• 2017

Sulfites are used as food preservatives and excessive sulfite might disturb the body systems including the brain. Curcumin shows protective effects on the nervous system toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective role of curcumin in sulfite-induced anxiety in rats. Male rats were divided into five groups. The rats in groups I to V received distilled water (vehicle of sulfite, 1 mL/d), olive oil (vehicle of curcumin, 1 mL/d), curcumin (100 mg/kg/d), sulfite (25 mg/kg/d), and sulfite+curcumin, respectively, by daily gastric gavage for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks the rats were tested in the elevated plus-maze for anxiety. The results showed that concomitant treatment of curcumin during sulfite consumption prevented the reduction of the time spent in the open arm and entrance to the open arm (the indexes of anxiety). Besides, an increase was found in motor activity of the rats in the sulfite+curcumin group compared to the sulfite-treated animals. Exposure of sulfite in rats can induce anxiety, and curcumin can act as an anti-anxiety agent.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 1999

The effect of sulfite on barley seedlings was investigated through Chl content, the electron transport activity of the photosystem, and Chl fluorescence. Barley leaves were harvested every 12 hrs during greening periods, and were then treated with a sulfite solution in either light or dark conditions. In both cases, the Chl content decreased in comparison with the control at any greening period. After sulfite treatment in the light, the activity of PS I decreased slightly, yet that of PSII showed a decrease of about 15%. The values of Fv, qP and qE decreased, however, the value of ql increased compared with the control. In addition, the value of qE decreased in leaves greened more than 12 hrs compared with that of the control. This indicates that the photosynthetic complex involved in energy dependent fluorescence quenching is undeveloped in a 12 hrs greened leaf, accordingly, it was a hardly affected by sulfite. After sulfite treatment in the dark, the activities of PSII and PSI decreased slightly, there was a small change in the value of Fv, qP decreased, and qE and the ratio of qNP/q increased in comparison with the control. As a result, PSII and PSI were not inhibited, however, the redox of QA was inhibited, and the excited energy was lost through the nonphotochemical pathway. The effects of sulfite in light or dark conditions were not considerably different with the Chl fluorescence quenching analysis method. In both light and dark conditions, the value of qP significantly decreased with sulfite compared to that of the control. This implies that the redox of QA was inhibited by sulfite in both light and dark contions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.763-769
• /
• 2021

In this study, ionic liquids were synthesized to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) on a laboratory scale. The vapor-liquid absorption equilibrium device (VLE) was used to investigate the carbon dioxide absorption capacity. In the regeneration study, the absorption capacity after regeneration was reduced by approximately 7% for all ionic liquids, in which the anion was sulfite-based, showing excellent regeneration. Ethyl sulfite showed the highest absorption capacity of CO2 among the ionic liquids based on the sulfite anion. In particular, the absorption capacity of [beim] ethyl sulfite was 1.1 mol CO2 / mol IL at an absorption equilibrium pressure of 22 bar. In the regeneration study, the absorption capacity after regeneration was reduced by approximately 7% for all ionic liquids, in which the anion was sulfite-based, from which regeneration is outstanding. After the absorption experiment, the viscosity of the sample tended to decrease by approximately 8% compared to that before the absorption experiment. On the other hand, the absorbent was synthesized in the first step. Moreover, the raw material used is also inexpensive and has excellent reproducibility and highly stable absorbent capacity.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2017

Inhibition of pitting corrosion of the copper sprinkler tubes by removing dissolved oxygen in water with sodium sulfite was studied on the wet sprinkler systems operated in 258 household sites. First, air in the sprinkler tubing was removed by vacuum pumping. The tube was then filled with sodium sulfite dissolved in water. Sodium sulfite was very effective in maintaining a very low dissolved oxygen concentration in water in the sprinkler tube for the observation period of six months. Water leakage from the copper sprinkler tube was reduced significantly by using sodium sulfite. Both pitting corrosion process and pitting corrosion inhibition mechanism were investigated by examining microscopical and structural aspects of corrosion pits formed in failed copper sprinkler tube. Pitting corrosion was caused by pressurized air as well as sediments such as sand particles in copper tubes through oxygen concentration cells. It was confirmed microscopically that growth of corrosion pits was stopped by reducing dissolved oxygen concentration to a very level by using sodium sulfite.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 1998

To investigate the effects of sulfite on the chloroplast development, etiolated barley seedlings were treated with 100 mM sulfite solution every 3 hour by spraying during 96 hours greening Period. The effects were determined by chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents, photosynthetic electron transport activity, chlorophyll fluorescence yield and fluorescence quenching parameters. The contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoids were decreased than that of control by treatment of salfite over 48 hours greening. PS II Is more sensitive to sulfite than PS I Is. And by the addition of DPC to the chloroplasts of the barley seedling treated with sulfite, the photoreduction of DCPIP was not recovered. In greening with suite treated barley leaves, Fo, Fv and Nlh ratio were decreased with little difference from that of control. But qP, qNP and qR were lowed in comparison with those of controls whereas qE was markedly higher than that of control. Especially, It is Interesting that qR was decreased markedly compared to that of control. The results in the change of PS I activity, Nf and qP suggest that the strate of Inhibition by suite Is carbon dioxide reduction cycle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.468-469
• /
• 2007

대기 오염원인 sulfite가 식물체에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 또한 이러한 환경 오염원에 스트레스를 받은 식물에게 질소원을 공급함으로써 이를 극복할 수 있는지를 광합성의 형광분석을 통하여 알아 본 결과 식물은 sulfite에 의해 광합성 활성이 저해를 받으나 질소원을 같이 공급하여 주면 활성이 감소하지 않았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.863-868
• /
• 2006

The partial least squares (PLS-1) calibration model based on spectrophotometric measurement, for the simultaneous determination of sulfite and sulfide is described. This method is based on the difference between the rate of the reaction of sulfide and sulfite with Malachite Green in pH 7.0 buffer solution and at 25 ${^{\circ}C}$. The absorption kinetic profiles of the solutions were monitored by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of Malachite Green at 617 nm in the time range 10-180 s after initiation of the reactions with 2 s intervals. The experimental calibration matrix for partial least squares (PLS-1) calibration was designed with 24 samples. The cross-validation method was used for selecting the number of factors. The results showed that simultaneous determination could be performed in the range 0.030-1.5 and 0.030-1.2 $\mu$g m$L ^{-1}$ for sulfite and sulfide, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to simultaneous determination of sulfite and sulfide in water samples and whole human blood.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 1999

Alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone(AQ) cooking was examined for their effectiveness in delignification of pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) bark. Better delignification was achieved with alkaline sulfite liquor compared to monosulfite liquor, but the degree of delignification was less than 90% indicating need for improvement in cooking method, Remarkable increase in the rate of cooking and delignification was obtained by the simple addition of AQ to the alkaline sulfite cooking, Selectivity of delignification was also improved by the addition of AQ, Consequently, 90% of delignification was achieved with the addition of 0.2% AQ to the alkaline sulfite cooking. The selectivity of delignification was slightly affected by cooking temperature and NaOH concentration during alkaline sulfite-AQ cooking of the bark. The selectivity of delignification was highly affected by the concentration of $Na_2SO_3$, and the optimum concentration of $Na_2SO_3$ for the high delignification was 30% as $Na_2O$.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.142-146
• /
• 2004

Woody plant tissues contain great amounts of phenolic compounds and polysaccharides. These substances inhibit the activation of reverse transcriptase and/or Taq polymerase in RT-PCR. The commonly used multiple-step protocols using several additives to diminish polyphenolic compounds during nucleic acid extraction are time consuming and laborious. In this study, sodium sulfite was evaluated as an additive for nucleic acid extraction from woody plants and the efficiency of RT-PCR assay of commercial nucleic acid extraction kits and small-scale dsRNA extraction was compared. Sodium sulfite was used as an inhibitor against polyphenolic oxidases and its effects were compared in RNA extraction by commercial extraction kit and small-scale double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extraction method for RT-PCR. During nucleic acid extraction, addition of 0.5%-1.5%(w/v) of sodium sulfite to lysis buffer or STE buffer resulted in lighter browning by oxidation than extracts without sodium sulfite and improved the RT-PCR detection. When commercial RNA extraction kit was used, optimal concentrations of sodium sulfite were variable according to the tested plant. However, with dsRNA as RT-PCR template, sodium sulfite 1.5% in STE buffer improved the detection efficiency of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in fruit trees, and reduced the unspecific amplifications signi-ficantly. Furthermore, when viruses existed at low titers in host plant, small-scale dsRNA extractions were very reliable.