• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.5 s.72
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• pp.9-14
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• 2006

This paper presents an analytical method, application of expansion, mechanical design, and integrated expansion design of subsea insulated pipe-in-pipe (PIP) systems. PIP system consists of a flowline and a casing pipe for the transport of high temperature and high pressure product from the subsea wells. To prevent heat lass from the fiowline, insulation material is applied between the pipes. The fiawline pipe and the casing pipe have mechanical connections through steel ring plate (water stops) and bulkheads. Pipeline expansion is defined by temperature, internal pressure, soil resistance, and interaction force between the flowline and the casing pipe. The results of the expansion analysis, the mechanical design of connection system of the two pipes and tie-in spool design are integrated for the whole PIP system.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.278-287
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the structural strength of a 53ft Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tank container according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 1496-3, amidst growing global demand for LNG transportation. The research was conducted in two main stages: structural analysis using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under various load conditions, and structural strength tests following ISO 1496-3 test procedures. The structural analysis was performed considering different loading conditions to assess the structural safety of the tank container. Calculated stresses were compared with allowable stress under specified load conditions. The structural strength tests were conducted at Mokpo National University's Subsea Umbilical cable Riser Flowline R&D Center, which provided a suitable testing environment. The study found that calculated stresses met the allowable stress under specified load conditions, confirming the structural safety of the tank container. Additionally, the maximum deformation and permanent deformation satisfied the design criteria for all test cases, indicating the container's structural strength meets requirements. The research also contributed valuable data for future structural strength tests of similar products and facilitated the development of safe and efficient LNG transportation solutions by developing effective test procedures in accordance with ISO 1496-3 standards.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.18-27
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• 2020

This study presents flow assurance analysis in subsea pipeline considering system availability of topside in LNG-FPSO. A hydrate management strategy was established, which consisted of PVCap experiments, system availability analysis of LNG-FPSO topside, hydrate risk analysis in the pipeline, and calculation of PVCap injection concentration. The experimental data required for the determination of PVCap injection concentration were obtained by measuring the hydrate induction time of PVCap at the subcooling temperatures of 6.1, 9.2, and 12.1℃. The availability of LNG-FPSO topside system for 20 years was 89.3%, and the longest downtime of 50 hours occurred 2.9 times per year. The subsea pipeline model for multiphase flow simulation was created using field geometry data. As a result of risk analysis of hydrate plugging using subsea pipeline model, hydrate was formed at the end of flowline in 23.2 hours under the condition of 50 hours shutdown. The injection concentration of PVCap was determined based on the PVCap experiment results. The hydrate plugging in subsea pipeline of LNG-FPSO can be completely prevented by injecting PVCap 0.25 wt% 2.9 times per year.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.618-621
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• 2005

In this study, the phenomena of hydrate formation and inhibition were investigated according to varying the concentrations using methanol and ethylene glycol as chemical additives. The results reveal that the used additives display better inhibition effects compared to pure water by decreasing the formation temperature and the inhibition performance of methanol is superior to that of ethylene glycol. As a conclusion, the plugging phenomena of flowline in natural gas product ion. subsea and frozen field pipelines can be predicted by examining the hydrate formation and inhibition conditions. Specifically, the results of this study can be applied to the selection of the prevention criteria and method of hydrate formation.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.56-60
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• 2002

본 논문은 고온 고압의 유류 수송용 이중배관의 팽창에 대한 해석적 방법에 대한결과고찰과 해석, 그리고 설계시 응용이 가능한 현상에 대해 논하였다. 고온의 유류수송시 온도를 유지할 목적으로 내부의 수송 배관과 외부의 케이싱 배관사이에 절연체가 쓰여진다.이런 이중배관의 팽창을 조사할 수 있는 간단한 해석적 방법이 개발되었다. 본 논문에서는온도의 분포, 입력, 토질의 저항, 수송배관과 케이싱 배관과의 상호작용 등이 고려되어졌으며, 이 해석적 방법은 심해의 이중배관 해석에 적합하게 개발되었다. 계산의 결과 분석에서고온의 영향이 고압보다 현저한 것이 밝혀졌다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.275-276
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• 2006

선박 및 해양기자재의 안전 진단을 위한 기존의 기술은 접 센서(point sensor)를 이용한 변형률 측정 기술이 대부분이라 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 기존의 기술보다 효율적으로 응용될 수 있는 광섬유 센서를 이용한 분포 개념의 온도 및 변형률 측정(DTSS: Distributed Temperature & Strain Sensing) 기술에 대해 소개하고 있다. 이 기술은 선체 응력 모니터링, 해양 구조물 안전진단, subsea flowline 모니터링, platform의 riser 안정성, umbilical 모니터링 등에 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.56-64
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• 2020

This study presents the hydrate induction time of PVCap according to subcooling temperature, salt concentration, and MEG concentration in order to analyze the inhibition effect of PVCap in various production environments of offshore gas fields. A high-pressure hydrate generator was made for the hydrate formation experiments. It was verified that the apparatus had sufficient reliability by comparing the results of hydrate equilibrium conditions and induction time from the apparatus with published reference data. As the subcooling temperature increased from 6.1℃ to 12.1℃, the induction time of PVCap concentration of 0.1~1 wt% decreased. When the salt concentration increased from 3 wt% to 7 wt%, the induction time was reduced by up to 78% under the condition of 0.5 wt% PVCap due to polymer structure degradation by salt effect. In the case of HHI (hybrid hydrate inhibitor) made by mixing MEG 10 wt% and PVCap, the change in induction time was not large compared to PVCap 1 wt% due to the under-inhibition effect. On the other hand, the hydrate inhibition efficiency of HHI with MEG 20wt% increased 1.7 times compared to PVCap.