• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 2012

Oncocytic neoplasm of the head and neck region accounts for approximately 1% of all salivary gland tumors, but only 5% of oncocytic neoplasm is malignant. Oncocytic carcinoma arising in the submandibular gland is exceedingly rare. We encountered a sixty seven-year-old male patient who presented with multiple mass in the right neck. Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed a salivary gland tumor of predominantly oncocytic form, and a differential diagnosis included oncocytic adenoma or mucoepidermoid carcinoma. A right submandibular gland resection and modified radical neck dissection were performed. Histologically, the tumor cells showed nuclear pleomorphism, and stromal invasion, which were compatible with oncocytic carcinoma. After surgery, the entire neck region was irradiated. Seventeen months after the initial surgery, multiple metastases to the bone and lung were detected from the incidental pathologic bone fracture of the right humerus; palliative chemotherapy was performed to resolve this. We report a case of oncocytic carcinoma in the submandibular gland with a review of literature.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.111-115
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• 2010

Purpose: A plunging ranula is relatively uncommon and represents a mucus escape reaction occurring from a disruption of the sublingual salivary gland. It is a common condition found in young adults, even though the reported age range is 2 - 61 years. We report our experience of a complete excision of a plunging ranula via the intraoral and submandibular approach. Methods: A 23-year-old man had a large protruding mass in the right submandibular area. Initially, the protruding mass appeared bilaterally but the left side disappeared spontaneously. The MRI findings revealed a homogenous fluid attenuation mass in the submandibular space, suggesting a ranula. The sublingual gland was extirpated through the intraoral approach and the ranula excised totally via the submandibular approach. Results: The patient had an uneventful postoperative course without infection, paralysis and tongue sensory changes, etc. The pathology findings were characteristic of a pseudocyst without a lining epithelium or endothelium but with a vascular fibro-conective tissue wall filled with mucinous fluid. No recurrence was observed on the submandibular area during the 8 month follow-up period. Conclusion: The combined intraoral approach and submandibular approach is an effective and highly recommended method for sublingual gland extirpation and complete excision of a plunging ranula.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.209-221
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• 1999

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to calculate the size and CT number of both normal parotid and submandibular gland. and evaluate their relation to sex, age and obesity using computed tomography. Materials and Methods: The computed tomography was performed parallel to the Frankfurt plane in 46 subjects with healthy salivary gland. The subjects were divided into the three groups (young, middle. old) according to their ages. The size of salivary gland was determined as maximum cross-sectional area and the CT number of salivary gland was determined as the mean CT number of three ROI's. The body mass index was calculated from weight and height. Results: The mean maximum cross-sectional area was 7.79(±1.25)cm² on parotid gland and 4.12(±0.83) cm² on submandibular gland. The mean CT number was -4.43(±23.87) HU on parotid gland and 50.01(±15.63) HU on submandibular gland. There was decreasing pattern of the maximum cross-sectional area of submandibular gland and the CT number of both parotid and submandibular gland according to age(p<0.05). As the body mass index increased. the maximum cross-sectional area of parotid gland increased and CT number of both parotid and submandibular gland decreased(p<0.05). The maximum cross-sectional area of submandibular gland in male was larger than that in female(p<0.05). As the maximum cross-sectional area and CT number of left salivary gland increased. those of right gland increased(p<0.05). Conclusion : Intra-individual differences in salivary gland size and CT number is considered in the age and individual obesity.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.205-210
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• 1998

Benign salivary gland tumors have relatively lower incidence, but it have various histopathologic diagnosis and biological behavior. Authors analyzed retrospectively 77 patients with benign salivary gland tumor who were treated surgically and had the following results. The most frequent age group was 5th decade, and sex distribution was not specific. The most common location was parotid gland(75.3%) and submandibular gland(20.8%) was next. Histopathologically, the most common salivary gland tumor was pleomorphic adenoma(82.7%) and Warthin's tumor(8.6%) was next. An asymptomatic mass was the most common presentation. Duration of symptoms and signs were mostly under the 5years(90.9%). Diameter of tumors was mostly under 4cm(76.7%). Parotid gland tumors were treated mostly with superficial parotidectomy and submandibular gland tumors were treated mostly with submandibular gland resection. The most common complication was facial nerve palsy(9 cases).

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 2016

The resection of submandibular gland is usually performed via trascervical, transoral approach. The authors suspected the stenosis of Wharton's duct of 54 years old female patient after transoral removal of submandibular stone and the resection of submandibular gland was decided. Because of cosmetic need, the resection was performed transorally. The operation was completed successfully without any injury to unilateral lingual nerve or hypoglossal nerve but contralateral paralysis of hypoglossal nerve was seen. In our knowledge, this is the first report of contralateral hypoglossal nerve palsy during transoral resection of submandibular gland.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.46-48
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• 2015

Cystadenocarcinoma of salivary gland is an rare, slow-growing, low-grade malignant neoplasm characterized by cysts and papillary endocystic projections. Major locations of this tumor are parotid glands, and minor salivary glands, while occurrence in submandibular gland is extremely rare. Only few cases have been reported in the literatures. Cystadenicarcinoma behaves in an indolent manner and recurrence is rarely occured, surgical complete excision is considered treatment of choice. We experienced a case of cystadenocarcinoma arising from submandibular gland, so we report this case with a review of literature.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.76-80
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• 2012

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a distinctive neoplasm of the salivary gland and is the most common malignant tumor of submandibular gland. Although adenoid cystic carcinoma grows slowly, it shows aggressive tendencies with the ability to invade peripheral nerves. This ability enables an adenoid cystic carcinoma to extend along the nerves and spread long distances, resulting in high incidence of distant metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, radical resection is the treatment of choice for this carcinoma. We performed partial mandibulectomy, neck dissection and immediate reconstruction using a radial forearm free flap on a 54 year-old man with adenoid cystic carcinoma on the right submandibular gland. And as an adjunctive therapy, chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil was used. We report our case along with a literature review.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.159-162
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• 1972

Body weight and weight of submandibular gland of mice given subleathal doses of puromycin were studied after Pilocarpine. 1. Body weight showed a significant decrease during the firse 10 days after puromycin alone. 2. Injections of pilocarpine abolished the increase in glandular weight of the submandibular gland. 3. This was thought to indicate the possibility that the increase in organ weight might be due to the inability of the organs to release synthesized secretory Products.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.379-389
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• 2005

Obstructive adenitis of the salivary gland following salivary stone or infectious disease of the gland and surrounding tissues is a common disease. It is often difficult to decide whether to perform total excision of the gland or to consider conservative treatment. The present study was designed to investigate histological, histochemical changes of submandibular gland after ligating the excretory duct for identifying the results of gland duct obstruction. A group of 40 rat of Sprague-Dawley weighing about $200{\sim}220gm$ were used in the present study. 30 rats had ligation of the main excretory ducts of submandibular glands just at the exit from the glands. For controls, 10 rats had a sham operation without duct ligation. They were inducted into euthanagia state by intracardial Ketamine injection in 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days after the ligation. In each ligation period, 3 animals were used for ligation and one animal was for control. The submandibular glands were dissected out at sacrifice and stained with H&E, PAS, mucicarmine stain and histological examination were carried out under the light microscope. After examination and comparison of all specimens, the results were as follows: 1. In the features of H&E stain, acini disappeared by degrees after the ligation of the excretary duct and interstitial cells were displaced into fibrous connective tissue. Salivary gland had been atrophied with enlarging ducts and proliferating ductal cells. 2. Through total experimental period, a lot of vessels were observed and the atrophy of serous gland was severer than that of mucous gland. 3. The deep portion of submandibular glands showed severe degeneration rather than superficial portion of them after the ligation. 4. The changes which had enlarged ducts and proliferating ductal cells were observed in entire gland and more prominent in serous gland than mucous gland after the ligation. 5. Although PAS and mucicarmine reactions were decreased gradually after the ligation with the lapse of time, since 2 to 3 weeks they were strong positive reactions on entire gland, especially on duct-like structure. So, we can suggest that salivary gland will be atrophied but, survived acini will be redistributed around the ducts.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2008

Taste is a critically important sense for the survival of an organism. However, structure and distribution of taste receptors were only recently investigated. Although expression of the ion channels responsible for the sense of salty taste and acidity was observed in the non-taste cells, receptors for sweet and bitter taste were only identified in taste cells. Salivary glands are involved in the sensing of taste and plays important roles in the transduction of taste. The purpose of this study is to examine whether taste receptors are present in the salivary glands and to provide clues for the investigation of the taste-salivary glands interaction. Using microarray and RT-PCR analyses, the presence of taste receptor mRNAs in the rat von Ebner gland and submandibular gland was confirmed. Type I taste receptors were preferentially expressed in von Ebner gland, whereas type II taste receptors were expressed in both von Ebner gland and submandibular gland. The tastespecific signal tranducing proteins, $G_{\alpha}gustducin$ and phospholipase C ${\beta}2$, were also detected in both salivary glands by immunohistochemistry. Finally, the activation of the calcium signal in response to bitter taste in the acinar cells was also observed. Taken together, these results suggest that taste receptors are present in the von Ebner gland and submandibular gland and that type II taste receptors are functionally active in both salivary glands.