• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.177-182
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• 2003

This study is directed toward determining the number and characteristics of psychologically meaningful perceptual dimensions required for assessing the sound Ouaiity with respect to vehicle interior and/or exterior noises. and toward identifying the acoustical or psychoacoustical bases underlying the perception. By nonmetric MDS and clustring analysis of sound quality data sets on our own, of critical importance are two perceptual dimensions for which subjective verdicts can be interpreted as loudness and sharpness. The perceptual dimensions based upon similarity judgments could be accounted for 48% and 24% of the variance. each of which might be a match for the acoustic parameter "A-weighted maximum pressure level"(r= .85) and for the psychoacoustic parameter "sharpness" (r= .65), respectively. On the other hand, the perceptual dimensions based upon preference ratings could explain 66% and 10% of the variance. where the acoustic parameter "A-weighted maximum pressure leve"(r= .92) might be taken to be a best predictor, but sharpness appeared to be less suitable for the description of Preference behavior. Linked to the results, the problems of quantitative modelling of subjective sound quality evaluation and also of implementing corresponding cognitive combination rule for technical and industrial applications, say having "winner-sound qualify" according to preference criteria will be shortly in discussion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.408-418
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the official medical tourism websites in several countries. We compared the websites of three countries using the 4 criteria(e.g.,contents, convenience, design, interactivity). The evaluation of accessibility and subjective perception were conducted by websites users. Total 77 cases were used for the analysis. For the statistical analysis of data, MANOVA was used. According to the MANOVA analysis, The Malaysia website received the highest mark in accessibility and subjective perception. Each of the evaluations showed a significant difference among countries.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2020

The present study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of subjective visual horizontal (SVH) testing when tested with solid and dotted line images. In this repeated measures study, 36 healthy young Malaysian adults (mean age=23.3±2.3 years, 17 males and 19 females) were enrolled. All of them were healthy and had no hearing, vestibular, balance, or vision problems. The SVH angles were recorded from each participant in an upright body position using a computerized device. They were asked to report their horizontality perception for solid and dotted line images (in the presence of a static black background). After 1 week, the SVH procedure was repeated. The test-retest reliability of SVH was found to be good for both solid line [intraclass correlation (ICC)=0.80] and dotted line (ICC=0.78). As revealed by Bland-Altman plots, for each visual image, the agreements of SVH between the two sessions were within the clinically accepted criteria (±2°). The SVH testing was found to be temporally reliable, which can be clinically beneficial. Both solid and dotted lines in the SVH testing are reliable to be used among young adults.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2020

The present study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of subjective visual horizontal (SVH) testing when tested with solid and dotted line images. In this repeated measures study, 36 healthy young Malaysian adults (mean age=23.3±2.3 years, 17 males and 19 females) were enrolled. All of them were healthy and had no hearing, vestibular, balance, or vision problems. The SVH angles were recorded from each participant in an upright body position using a computerized device. They were asked to report their horizontality perception for solid and dotted line images (in the presence of a static black background). After 1 week, the SVH procedure was repeated. The test-retest reliability of SVH was found to be good for both solid line [intraclass correlation (ICC)=0.80] and dotted line (ICC=0.78). As revealed by Bland-Altman plots, for each visual image, the agreements of SVH between the two sessions were within the clinically accepted criteria (±2°). The SVH testing was found to be temporally reliable, which can be clinically beneficial. Both solid and dotted lines in the SVH testing are reliable to be used among young adults.

• IE interfaces
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.222-228
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• 2003

Computer-dominated jobs and industrial automation have rapidly created work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) and WMSDs are also founded in employees of other general industries. WMSDs has been growing problems for Korean industries with higher incidence rate every year. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of the neck muscle workload according to postures(joint angle) and load weights. Seven male students participated in this study. Neck workload was rated on each person using a Borg's CR-10 scale. ANOVA showed that the CR-10 ratings were statistically significant according to postures and load weights. To reduce the large number and severity of WMSDs, which employees have been experiencing, we need to redesign the job in workplace so that we can control hazards that are reasonably likely to be causing or contributing to the WMSDs. The results of this study can be used to establish the safety criteria of joint angle and weight of neck workload.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.224-231
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• 1997

Microscopic examination for the morphological estimation of wear debris on the oil-lubrcated moving system is an accepted method for machine condition and fault diagnosis. However wear particle anaysis has not been widely accepted industry because it is dependent on expert interpretation of particle morphology and relies on subjective assessment criteria. This paper was undertaken to estimate the morphology of wear debris on the oil-lubricated movig system by computer image analysis. The wear test was performed under different sliding conditions using a wear test device made in our laboratory and wear testing specimen of the pin-on-disk-type was rubbed in pararline series base oil. In order to describe characteristics of debris of various shape and size, four shape parameters (50% volumetric diameter, aspect, roundness and reflectivity) have been developed and outlined in the paper. A system using such techniques promises to obviate the need for subjective, human interpretation of particle morphology in machine condition monitoring.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.784-792
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• 1990

In this paper, attempts have been made to compare the subjective performance of sub-band coding (SBC) techniques incorporating four representative modulation transfer functions (MTF's) of th human visual system(HVS): Sakrison, Nill, Ngan, and Rao. In SBC, the frequency band of input signal is split into 16 equal sub-bands. In addition, 28 sub-band splitting schemd which splits more sub-bands in low spatial frequency is considered to compare the 4 MTF's effectively. In encoding of each sub-band, the weight of each sub-band obtained from the MTF of HVS is applied to bit allocation process which minimize the weighted mean square error (WMSE). The differential pulse code modulation(DPCM) coder is used to encode the lowest sub-band and the pulse code modulation(PCM) coder is used for the rest of sub-bands. It is found that the images incorporating the MTF of Rao yields the best results in subjective criteria, followed by Ngan, Nill, Sakrison, and the images not employing the HVS.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2000

This study showed a way to develop web site of shopping mall through systematic identification of the interface elements affecting user's performance and subjective sensibility for Internet shopping mall. To quantify the effects of factors, simulators were designed and used in experiments. It was shown that location of 'Table of Contents'(left > right = up = down) and 'Menu' type(non_Drop down and page Movement = Drop down and page Movement > Drop down and non_age Movement) were the significant factors. However, whether 'Frame' was used or not, there was no significant difference. Also, in the evaluation of subjective sensibility, 'Background color' was a significant factor. And for 'Header & Scanning Column color', yellow color had a tendency to enhance satisfaction for 'simplicity', while green or blue color strengthened 'balance' feeling. But 'text style' was not significant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.279-284
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• 2001

According to information communication business faces with competitions in a various spheres with the development of multimedia and information communication, the time when we have to make an effort to improve a qualify comes from an era when we devote ourselves to quantitative expansion. we will try to perform quality assessments of real-time interactive multimedia service, and so on - in this research and present criteria of new subjective quality assessments which is fit on Korea by analyzing examples of ITU-T and foreign countries and Korea.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.61-71
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the comparison between the subjective and the objective evaluation of pain control effect in masticatory muscle pain depending on time and dose change. Methods: The patients were recruited to this study and diagnosed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Experimental group were divided into three groups; saline injection group (n=10), morphine 1.5 mg injection group (n=10), and morphine 3.0 mg injection group (n=10). Evaluation list was the subjective pain evaluation (visual analogue scale, McGill pain questionnaire) and the objective pain evaluation (pressure pain threshold [PPT], pressure pain tolerance [PTO]). The subjective and the objective pain evaluation were performed at the times of just before injection, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 48 hours after injection. Then, data were statistically analyzed. Results: The results were as follows: 1) There is no statistically significant difference between the results of the subjective and the objective pain evaluation with regard to the short-term (within 1 hour) analgesic effect of morphine sulfate. 2) However, after 1 hour of injection, while the subjective pain evaluation score still decreased, the objective pain evaluation didn't show significant changes in PPT and PTO (1 hour, p<0.05; 24 hours, p<0.01; 48 hours, p<0.001). 3) In comparison to changes in the dose, the McGill pain questionnaire was the most statistically effective method among the subjective pain evaluations (1.5 mg, p<0.05; 3 mg, p<0.01). Conclusions: Therefore, it was revealed that the subjective pain evaluation was more effective to evaluate long-term pain control, and that the McGill pain questionnaire could be an effective way to evaluate pain control depending on dose changes. It requires further investigations with time and dose extension.