• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to investigate electromyographically the relationship between preferred chewing side and side of initial muscle pains. In this study, 20 normal healthy subjects were selected , and each subject chewed randomly chewing gum for 20 minutes to establish preferred chewing side. To induce initial muscle pains, biting force of 10Kg on the gnathodynamometer was maintained by the subjects. And the Bioelectric processor EM2(Myo-Ironies Research, Inc. U.S.A.) with the surface electrodes was used to record the EMG activity during all experimental procedures. The results were as follows; 1. A majority of the present subjects (60%) had a preferred chewing side, but with few exceptions, subjects were unable to explain why a given side was preferred; explanations were only 'comfort' and 'habit' 2. The chewing, or working side was determined largely by the mean voltage of the surface electromyogram (EMG); in comparison with EMG from the non-wlring (contralateral) side, the working (ipsilateral) side showed a higher amplitude. 3. After the effort, the right masseter muscle is the most frequent site of pains, followed by the left masseter muscle, the anterior part of the right temporalis muscle and tile anterior part of the left temporalis muscle. 4. After the effort, mean voltages of masseter muscles were slightly increased, but mean voltages of temporalis anterior were slightly decreased at physiologic rest position. 5. No relationships could be established between preferred chewing side and side of initial muscle pains.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2003

Lots of various utilities are buried under the surface. The effective management of underground utilities is becoming the very important subject for the harmonious administration of the city. Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) survey including other various underground survey methods, is mainly used to detect the position and depth of buried underground utilities. However, GPR is not applicable, under the circumstances of shallow depth and places, where subsurface materials are inhomogeneous and are composed of clay, salt and gravels. The aim of this study is to overcome these limitations of GPR and other underground surveys. High-frequency electromagnetic (HFEM) method is developed for the non-destructive precise deep surveying of underground utilities. The method is applied in the site where current underground surveys are useless to detect the underground big pipes, because of poor geotechnical environment. As a result, HFEM survey was very successful in detecting the buried shallow and deep underground pipes and in obtaining the geotechnical information, although other underground surveys including GPR were not applicable. Therefore this method is a promising new technique in the lots of fields, such as underground surveying and archaeology.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.40
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• pp.41.1-41.4
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• 2018

Background: Free fibular flap is one of the most useful methods in the hard tissue reconstruction of the maxillamandible. Free fibular flap presents some advantages in which the reconstruction of both soft and hard tissues can be done at the same time. It also provides a safe and successful bone graft for the reconstruction, along with a low rate of complications. Despite these advantages and the rarity of a postoperative complication, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures, a prolonged operation might exhibit some complications related with rhabdomyolysis. We experienced the rare event of rhabdomyolysis after oral cancer surgery. Case presentation: In this article, we report the case of a patient who developed rhabdomyolysis after undergoing free fibular flap surgery. Conclusions: Despite the advantages of the free fibular flap operation, clinicians must be aware of the risk of complications because there are multiple factors that could result in rhabdomyolysis, such as duration of operation, position of the subject, and pre-existing conditions of diabetes and hypertension. Once the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis is confirmed, a prompt treatment plan should be made and applied as soon as possible. This will increase the chance of a full recovery for the patient who is exhibiting symptoms of rhabdomyolysis.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

This study is about the safe arm posture in case of emergency escape using the vertical dive rescue sack at the fire site. The experimental results are as follows. First, the arms extended upward contact with the endothelium and narrowing part of the rescue sack minimized the scratches did not occur. Second, the bent position with both arms open was subject to light abrasions of on the elbows due to friction between the elbows and the scapula and the endothelium. Third, in the posture where both arms were gathered in the chest, the body passed through the narrowing part and friction between the bag's narrowing part, All subjects had light abrasions on their elbows. Fourth, because the arms are lowered, the legs are extended to the width of the shoulders when descending, so that the back of the hand has friction with the narrowing part of the bag and the endothelial skin. Finally, posture with both arms below the front increased the volume of the front of the body, resulting in a slight back injury. As a future research task, it is necessary to study the proper posture of legs and the posture of landing on the ground.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2001

Route selection needs the analysis function of GSIS to analyze and manipulate a lot of spatial information efficiently. Therefore, it needs the linkage of system requiring the knowledge and the experience of experts as a method that can estimate each quantitative route for an efficient route selection. In this study, the route selection model through construction and analysis procedure of position information using GSIS were presented, and route selection system linked with expert system was developed. This system is easy to be used and managed for presenting route alignment according to conditions as a graphic user interface environmental window system by applying three tiers based object-oriented method. Using GSIS, the various information required for route selections in database was constructed, the characteristics of subject area by executing three-dimensional terrain analysis was grasped effectively, and the control point through buffering, overlay and location operation was extracted. Three alternative routes between a beginning point and an end point inputted by route selection system were selected. Therefore, the applications of the route selection system are presented by applying this system to the real study area.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.10
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• pp.2071-2078
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• 2009

In this paper, we proposed a non-contact respiration measurement system with ultrasonic proximity sensor. Ultrasonic proximity sensor approach of respiration measurement which respiration signatures and rates can be derived in real-time for long-term monitoring is presented. 240 kHz ultrasonic sensor has been applied for the proposed measurement system. The time of flight of sound wave between the transmitted signal and received signal have been used for a respiration measurement from abdominal area. Respiration rates measured with the ultrasonic proximity sensor were compared with those measured with standard techniques on 5 human subjects. Accurate measurement of respiration rate is shown from the 50 cm measurement distance. The data from the method comparison study is used to confirm the performance of the proposed measurement system. The current version of respiratory rate detection system using ultrasonic can successfully measure respiration rate. The proposed measurement method could be used for monitoring unconscious persons from a relatively close range, avoiding the need to apply electrodes or other sensors in the correct position and to wire the subject to the monitor. Monitoring respiration using ultrasonic sensor offers a promising possibility of non-contact measurement of respiration rates. Especially, this technology offers a potentially inexpensive implementation that could extend applications to consumer home-healthcare and mobile-healthcare products. Further advances in the sensor design, system design and signal processing can increase the range of the measurement and quality of the rate-finding for broadening the potential application areas of this technology.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.10
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• pp.870-887
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• 2012

This paper qualitatively analyzes the stereo 3D content factors causing viewer's discomfort. For this, we perform a subjective test that each subject strokes a specific key whenever he or she feels discomfort during watching stereo 3D contents. Also we extract the quantitative values of the factors in the 3D contents to obtain the temporal changes of the factors. Those two sets of data are used to analyze the contents to find the content factors which cause viewer's discomfort. The factors to be considered are the amount and the frequency of the disparity change, story of the contents, situation or environments of a scene, movement and position of the image or camera, color and luminance information as well as disparities themselves. Most researches have dealt with each factor causing viewer's discomfort but this paper focuses on the composite factors rather than each of them. That is, this paper deals with the various strong and weak factors and their composites causing viewer's discomfort in addition to the big disparities which have been mostly so far.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2005

Background: Epidural steroid injections (ESI) have been used widely for the treatment of back and radiating extremity pain. Although its effects on the metabolic and endocrine system have been studied, the effects following repeated injections remain to be determined. We studied the effects of three repeated caudal epidural injections of low dose triamcinolone. Methods: the subject were 10 elderly women with spinal stenosis. Caudal epidural injections were performed biweekly. Triamcinolone (20 mg), mixed with 15 ml of 0.25% lidocaine, was used as the ESI injectate. The procedures were performed with the patient in the prone position. Blood sampling was performed just before the first injection, and used as the baseline, and then just before each injection on the same day of the 2nd and 4th weeks, with the last samples taken 2 weeks after the third injection. Results: The blood glucose concentrations showed no significant changes. The blood cortisol and ACTH concentrations were significantly decreased after the first injection, but there were no further decreases after each of the subsequent injections. The cortisol concentrations were maintained within the normal range. Conclusion: Caudal epidural injections, with low dose triamcinolone, suppressed the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, but no further suppression followed the subsequent repeated injections. Three consecutive caudal injections at 2 week intervals seems to be a safe procedure.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.271-277
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• 2009

Purpose: Scapular dyskinesis is an alteration in the normal position or motion of the scapula during coupled scapulohumeral movements. Vast majority of shoulder pathologies are known to be related with scapular motion abnormalities. Because there being enthusiasm about scapular pathology in recent literatures, understanding scapular dyskinesis seems to be an important subject. The authors describe the importance of scapular abnormality in terms of shoulder pathology. Materials and Methods: Usually the inhibition or disorganization of activation patterns in scapular stabilizing muscles lead to scapular dyskinesis. This motion abnormality has more important values in Elite Athletes because it might be the sign of future shoulder pathology; for example, SLAP and internal impingement. Treatment of scapular dyskinesis is directed at managing underlying causes and restoring normal scapular muscle activation patterns by kinetic chain-based rehabilitation protocols. Treatment is also important to prevent secondary shoulder injuries. Results and Conclusion: Understanding scapular pathology may be the main key to approach to the shoulder pathology. Also treating scapular pathology might be important in preventing secondary shoulder injuries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.4 s.40
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• pp.341-349
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• 1991

This study was done to provide basic data for clothing design and thus to contribute to the academic development of the clothing and textile area. The focus of this study was to charac­terize the somatotype based on each individual's lateral view. For this purpose, firstly, categorization of the subjects based on their lateral view and definition of each category, secondly, characterization of each somatotype, and thirdly, sugges­tion of the deterministic criteria of each category were complished. The subjects in this study were female college students of 18 to 26 year-old whose somatotypes were comparatively invariable after cessation of physical growth. The metrical items characterizing upper body lateral view were chosen. Data were collected through Anthropometry and Photometry and analyzed by Factor analysis. The results were as follows; 1. Each subject's side view contour was classified as straight type, lean-back type, bend­forward type, and swayback according to its position to the relative plumb line. Straight type was defined as the type in which the plumb line passes through the lobe of the ear, the shoulder joint, and the mid abdominal region laterally. Lean-back type positioned the plumb line more posteriorly than straight type. Bend-forward type positioned the plumb line more anteriorly than straight type. Swayback positioned the plumb line at about the same line as straight type. And curvature of side view contur was more prominent in this type than in straight type. 2. Seven factors were figured out. The first factor was representing upperbody volume, and the second factor was representing size, the third factor was horizontal distance from lateral view representing size view contour. The fourth factor was front body length, the fifth factor was back body length. The sixth factor was shoulder length and shoulder width representing shoulder shape. The seventh factor was the bust shape.