• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.788-794
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• 2016

Vinca alkaloids from plant Vinca minor have been investigated for their effects of tyrosinase inhibition, stimulation of ROS generation and increasement of cell migration activity. The methanolic crude extract and the water-soluble fraction exhibited $IC_{50}$ value of 3.1 mg/mL and 2.1 mg/mL. Vinca minor extract treatment significantly increased ROS levels in HaCaT cells, in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatments of Vinca minor extract led to increase wound closure when compared with non-treatment. Low dose (0.1% or 0.3%) of extracts have not significantly affected, compared with that in controls. By contrast, 0.5% extract have dramatic effect on wound healing activity of keratinocytes. Effects of Vinca minor extract in a filter-based cell mobility assay appear similar to that of wound closure assay, which suggests that the Vinca minor extract have wound healing effects on skin.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.452-457
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• 2000

Due to the advantage of RP-HPLC with a variety of compositions of mobile phases, experiments on water-soluble charged species were examined. The samples were mononucleotides (5-CMP, 5-UMP, 5-GMP, 5-IMP, 5-AMP), and the buffers used were sodium phosphate monobasic and acetic acid. The concentrations of buffers ranged from 0.01 to 10 mM, while that of the methanol, an additive to the mobile phase was 5 to 20 vol.%. To predict the retention factor of a sample in terms of its methanol composition (M, vol.%) and buffer(C(sub)B, mM), the following nonlinear equation is suggested, k= $\frac{a+b C_B}{(1+c C_B) M^d}($ where a, b, c, and d were experimentally determined constants. The regression coefficients were above 0.96, and the agreement between experimental and calculated retention factors were relatively good.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.537-540
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• 2006

Over the past few decades, a considerable number of studies on the durability of concrete have been carried out extensively. A lot of improvements have been achieved especially in modeling of ionic flows. However, the majority of these researches have not dealt with the chloride binding isotherm based on the mechanism, although chloride binding capacity can significantly impact on the total service life of concrete under marine environment. The purpose of this study is to develop the model of chloride binding isotherm based on the individual mechanism. It is well known that chlorides ions in concrete can be present; free chlorides dissolved in the pore solution, chemical bound chlorides reacted with the hydration compounds of cement, and physical bound attracted to the surface of C-S-H grains. First, sub-model for water soluble chloride content is suggested as a function of pore solution and degree of saturation. Second, chemical model is suggested separately to estimate the response of binding capacity due to C-S-H and Friedel's salt. Finally, physical bound chloride content is estimated to consider a surface area of C-S-H nano-grains and the distance limited by the Van der Waals force. The new model of chloride binding isotherm suggested in this study is based on their intrinsic binding mechanisms and hydration reaction of concrete. Accordingly, it is possible to characterize chloride binding isotherm at the arbitrary stage of hydration time and arbitrary location from the surface of concrete. Comparative study with experimental data of published literature is accomplished to validity this model.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2019

Tannic acid (TA) is a water-soluble polyphenol compound found in various herbal plants. We investigated the chemopreventive effects of TA on FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. In an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, TA showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 50 ?M. Cell cycle analysis and immunofluorescence imaging demonstrated that under low-dose ($25{\mu}M$) treatment, FaDu cells were arrested in G2/M phase, and as the dose of TA was increased, apoptosis was induced with the increase of cell population at sub-G1 phase. The expressions of various cyclins, including cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK-1 and CDK-2), were down-regulated at low doses of TA, whereas apoptotic effectors such as cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were expressed in a dose-dependent manner in Western blotting. In addition, TA-induced apoptosis of FaDu cells might be mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, with the upregulation of p-AKT/p-PKB (phosphorylated protein kinase B) and p-ERK. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that TA is a potential candidate agent for the treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.172-182
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• 2016

This study was aimed to determine the changes in vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ contents compared to fresh materials after parboiling treatment of the main vegetables consumed in Korea. The specificity of accuracy and precision for vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ analysis method were validated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The recovery rate of standard reference material (SRM) was excellent, and all analysis was under the control line based on the quality control chart for vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$. The Z-score for vitamin $B_6$ in food analysis performance assessment scheme (FAPAS) proficiency test was -1.0, confirming reliability of analytical performance. The vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ contents in a total of 39 fresh materials and parboiled samples were analyzed. The contents of vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ ranged from 0.000 to 2.462 and from 0.000 to $0.127mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, respectively. The highest contents of vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ were $2.462mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ in fresh fatsia shoots (stem vegetables), and $0.127mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ in fresh spinach beet (leafy vegetables), respectively. Moreover, the vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ contents for parboiling treatment in most vegetables were reduced or not detected. In particular, the contents of vitamin $B_5$ in parboiled fatsia shoots and vitamin $B_6$ in parboiled yellow potato and spinach beet were decreased 20- and 4-fold compared with fresh material, respectively. These results can be used as important basic data for utilization and processing of various vegetable crops, information for dietary life, management of school meals, and national health for Koreans.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.232-240
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• 2007

Objectives : Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), one of potent cytokines, and its receptors were related with various biological functions and pathological conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of serum level of free VEGF, soluble VEGFR-1, and soluble VEGFR-2 after treatment with atypical antipsychotic drug in schizophrenia. Method : The schizophrenic patients were diagnosed with DSM-IV and were prospectively followed up for 4 and 8 weeks. Thirteen schizophrenic patients were evaluated their clinical assessment with serum levels of free VEGF, sVEGFR-1, sVEGFR-2, and positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS) at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after treatment with atypical antipsychotic drug. Thirteen normal control subjects were recruited and matched with the patient group by age and sex. Result : The serum level of free VEGF($295.2{\pm}43.7$pg/ml)and sVEGFR-2($8259{\pm}336.7$) at baseline(before treatment) in schizophrenic patients were not significantly different, compared with the control group($199.0{\pm}28.8$ and $8481{\pm}371.9$) respectively. However, the serum level of sVEGFR-1($86.2{\pm}10.3$, p<0.05) was significantly increased in the schizophrenic patients compared with the control group($59.0{\pm}6.4$). After treatment with antipsychotic drug, the serum levels of free VEGF at 4 weeks($338.9{\pm}56.5$) and 8 weeks($309.5{\pm}58.7$) were not significantly, different compared with baseline. But the serum levels of sVEGFR-1 was significantly decreased at 8 weeks ($57.3{\pm}6.3$, p<0.05) after antipsychotic drug treatment. The serum levels of sVEGFR-2 were decreased at 4 weeks ($7761{\pm}403.0$, p<0.05) and 8 weeks($7435{\pm}333.5$, p<0.05) compared with baseline. Conclusion : The decreased serum level of sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 might be affected by dopaminergic system which was influenced by antipsychotic drug.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.492-497
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• 2015

In the present study, vasorelaxant effect of the extract of seeds of Oenothera odorata (SOO) and its possible mechanism responsible for this effect were examined in vascular tissues isolated from rats. Changes in vascular tension, 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels were measured in thoracic aorta rings from rats. Methanol extract of seeds of Oenothera odorata relaxed endothelium-intact thoracic aorta in a dose-dependent manner. A dose-dependent vascular relaxation was also revealed by treatment of ethylacetate, n-butanol, and H₂O (aqua extract of seeds of Oenothera odorata , ASOO) extracts partitioned from methanol, but not by hexane extract. However, the vascular relaxation induced by ASOO were abolished by removal of endothelium of aortic tissues. Pretreatment of the endothelium-intact vascular tissues with N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or ¹H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]-quinoxalin-1- one (ODQ) significantly inhibited vascular relaxation induced by ASOO. Moreover, incubation of endothelium-intact aortic rings with ASOO increased the production of cGMP. However, ASOO-induced increases in cGMP production were blocked by pretreatment with L-NAME or ODQ. The vasorelaxant effect of ASOO was attenuated by tetraethylammonium (TEA), 4-aminopyridine, and glibenclamide attenuated. On the other hand, the ASOO-induced vasorelaxation was not blocked by verapamil, and diltiazem. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that ASOO dilate vascular smooth muscle via endothelium-dependent NO-cGMP signaling pathway, which may be closely related with the function of K⁺ channels.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2001

Biochemical responses of rice to the flooding stress with different water turbidities and flooding time were evaluated. About 20% decrease of soluble protein was occurred with flooding stress. The decreasing rate was higher as flooding time and higher turbidity increased. Especially, dramatic decrease of soluble protein content was observed after 36 hrs of flooding. No protein subunit change was found before and after flooding. However, subunit product of 53 Kd increased from the beginning of flooding and subunit of 28 Kd was increased 48 hrs and 54 hrs after flooding. Lipid peroxidation increased about 150% by flooding. There was no significant difference in lipid peroxidation between clear and sub-muddy water, However, the lipid peroxidation was increased up to 180% at 60hrs of flooding. The malondialdehyde content (MDA) was higher in muddy water at the beginning of flooding and increased about 190-200% 36 hrs after flooding. Catalase activity increased with increasing turbidity and flooding time. Forty eight hours of flooding time provided a criteria for dramatic increase of catalase activity. In general, increase of saturated fatty acids and decrease of unsaturated fatty acids occurred with flooding treatment. Among unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated increased and polyunsaturated decreased. Double bond index(DBI) decreased as flooding time was extended and turbidity increased.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2017

In the course of screening tyrosinase inhibitory activity, EtOAc-soluble fraction of Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen Stapf. (Gramineae) roots showed significant inhibition. Further fractionation of the EtOAc-soluble fraction resulted in six compounds, which were identified as (+)-icariol $A_2$ (1), zhepiresionol (2), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3), trans-${\rho}$-coumaric acid (4), N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyacetamide (5), and coixol (6). The chemical structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods (MS, 1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with literature values. Compound 1 was first reported from this plant. Also, this is the first time that the isolation of compound 5 has been reported from nature source. Among the isolated compounds, compounds 4 and 6 showed enzyme inhibitory activity, with $IC_{50}$ values of 6.5 and $62.4{\mu}M$, respectively, in comparison with these of positive control, arbutin.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the effect of high performance greenhouse films on growth and fruit quality of tomato. For this purpose, polyolefin (PO), fluoric, antidrop, antifog and thermal films were compared to normal film, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). In spectral irradiance of the films, UV ($300{\sim}400nm$) transmittance was highest in fluoric film and lowest in PO film. PAR (photosynthetically active radiation, $400{\sim}700nm$) transmittance was higher in fluoric, thermal and PO film, and near infrared ray (NIR, $700{\sim}1,100nm$) transmittance was higher in high performance films, compared to the EVA film. Total light transmittance was higher in order of fluoric, antifog, anti drop, PO, thermal, and EVA film. Day air temperature in greenhouse was highest under fluoric film and lowest under EVA film due to the light transmittance, while night air temperature was highest under PO and anti drop film due to the thickness of film. Tomato fruits grown under the high performance films had 0.2 to $0.5^{\circ}Bx$ higher soluble solids and 15 to 30% higher lycopene content, compared to those grown under the EVA film. The results showed that tomato fruit quality such as soluble solids and lycopene content can be heightened in terms of much irradiation and better light quality of high performance films, compared to the nomal film, EVA film.