• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.480-507
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• 2003

A rapid and efficient method for analyzing the nonionic surfactants and silicone polymers, which control the shape and characteristics of cosmetic products and give influence on product quality, has been developed using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI- TOF IMS). The MALDI-TOF/MS could easily and effectively determine the molecular weight distribution and monomer units of nonionic surfactants. As a result, creating a library of mass spectrum data of surfactants used in cosmetic products using MALDI-TOF/MS and analyzing surfactants extracted from the products may become a useful method for detailed structural characterization of the surfactants. Furthermore, the MALDI-TOF/MS analysis was effective in obtaining the spectrum of silicone polymers from which the molecular weight distribution could be determined. The repetition units and structural data could also be obtained through molecular mass peaks. Additionally, the monomer ratio and terminal groups as properties of silicone copolymers could be determined

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2020

Explosions and fires on offshore drilling units and process plants, which cause loss of life and environmental damage, have been studied extensively. However, research on drilling units increased only after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon accident in the Gulf of Mexico. A major reason for explosions and fires on a drilling unit is blowout, which is caused by a failure to control the high temperatures and pressures upstream of the offshore underwater well. The area susceptible to explosion and fire due to blowout is the drill floor, which supports the main drilling system. Structural instability and collapse of the drill floor can threaten the structural integrity of the entire unit. This study simulates the behavior of fire subsequent to blowout and assesses the thermal load. A heat transfer structure analysis of the drill floor was carried out using the assessed thermal load, and the risk was noted. In order to maintain the structural integrity of the drill floor, passive fire protection of certain areas was recommended.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2005

This paper investigated the optimum design of truss structures based on Genetic Algorithms (GA's). With GA's characteristic of running side by side, the overall optimization and feasible operation, the optimum design model of truss structures was established. Elite models were used to assure that the best units of the previous generation had access to the evolution of current generation. Using of non-uniformity mutation brought the obvious mutation at earlier stage and stable mutation in the later stage; this benefited the convergence of units to the best result. In addition, to avoid GA's drawback of converging to local optimization easily, by the limit value of each variable was changed respectively and the genetic operation was performed two times, so the program could work more efficiently and obtained more precise results. Finally, by simulating evolution process of nature biology of a kind self-organize, self-organize, artificial intelligence, this paper established continuous structural optimization model for ten bars cantilever truss, and obtained satisfactory result of optimum design. This paper further explained that structural optimization is practicable with GA's, and provided the theoretic basis for the GA's optimum design of structural engineering.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2003

파양한 구조물의 정적해석에서 매트릭스구조해석법은 가상 폭넓게 사용되고 있는 강력한 해석기법이다. 그러나 이 방법으로 많은 수의 자유도를 갖는 구조물을 정확히 해석하기 위해서는 많은 계산 메모리와 빠른 처리 능력을 갖춘 고성능 컴퓨터를 필요로하는 취약점이 있다. 따라서 매트릭스구조해석법으로 많은 수의 자유노를 갖는 구조물을 퍼스널 컴퓨터 상에서 정확히 해석하기에는 곤란한 경우가 많다. 매트릭스구조해석법치 이러한 취약점을 극복하기 위하여, 저자들은 전달강성계수법을 제안한다. 전달강성계수법은 해석대상 구조물에 대한 강성계수의 전달에 기본 개념을 두고 있으am로 퍼스널 컴퓨터에 매우 적합한 해석기법이다. 본 논문에서는 골조추조물에 대한 정적해석 알고리듬을 전달강성계수법으로 정식화한다. 그리고 전달강성계수법, NASTRAN, 매트릭스구조해석법 그리고 해석해에 의한 계산 결과들의 비교를 통해 전달강성계수법의 유효성을 확인한다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2016

A small-sized turbocharger is generally used in downsizing engine for various vehicles. When a centrifugal compressor, which is one of the crucial units of the turbocharger, is downsized, the compressor has much more possibilities of being damaged because of its high rotating speed, causing insecure structural soundness. Thus, it is of essential to study on the improvement of the structural soundness of a small-sized turbocharger. In this study, numerical analysis on the various blade geometries and mass flow rate of the compressor was performed using the commercial software ANSYS CFX. In addition, the evaluation on the structural soundness of a compressor impeller for respective cases was conducted using ANSYS Mechanical. As a result, it was shown that the compressor had higher efficiency with increasingly secured structural soundness.

• 암석학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.82-94
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• 2001

조선누층군, 평안누층군, 대동층군 등이 분포하는 문경 부운령지역에서 옥천대의 주요 지질구조는 현지성 지구조단위(부운령 지구조단위)의 상부로 충상하는 동남동향 지구조단위(단곡 지구조단위)와 서북서향 지구조단위들(삼실과 부곡리 지구조단위들)의 발달을 특징으로 한다. 문경 부운령지역에서 옥천대의 지질구조는 적어도 세 번의 변형작용에 의해 형성되었다. 첫 번째 변형작용은 서북서-동남동 방향의 압축 지구조환경하에서 부운령 지구조단위에 북북동 방향의 하나의 직립-개방 습곡(부운령-I 습곡)을 형성시켰다. 두 번째 변형작용은 역시 서북서-동남동 방향의 압축 지구조환경하에서 단곡, 삼실, 부곡리 지구조단위들을 발달시켰다. 이들 지구조단위의 발달에 의해 부운령-I 개방습곡은 밀착습곡으로 변형되고, 대동층군의 기저역암에 해당하는 역질암의 구성역들은 신장하게 되며, 부운령과 단곡 지 구조단위들에는 각각 북북동 방향의 횡와습곡(부운령-II 습곡)과 끌림습곡(단곡 습곡)등이 형성되었다. 세 번째 변형작용은 고각으로 침강하는 습곡축을 갖는 킹크습곡을 형성시켰다. 서북서-동남동 방향의 동일한 압축 지구조환경하에서 발생된 첫 번째와 두 번째 변형작용은 상부 트라이아스기-하부 쥬라기 대동층군이 퇴적되기 이전과 퇴적된 이후에 각각 발생하여 연구지역의 조선누층군과 평안누충군에 북북동-남남서 방향의 광역적인 지질구조를 형성시켰다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2006

Effective management of business processes is a crucial issue to every enterprise in e-business environment. What's needed is a new framework of applications that can automatically manage distributed and heterogeneous business processes that span multiple functions of a company. In this paper, we propose technical design of a new enactment model that can coordinate such business process that involves multiple functional units or even multiple companies. In our approach, a process model is decomposed into several structural units, called 'process block', according to their procedural characteristics. Each of them is controlled by autonomous enactment units that can communicate with each other using a mutually agreed coordination protocol. The protocol takes the use of 'associative communication' concept, which allows the autonomy for each unit and secure the correctness of process execution.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 안정성이 보장된 효모를 숙주로 하여 이미 lysozyme 생산능이 확인된 저 copy수의 YCp type인 pHK101의 생산능을 높이기 위해 고발현 벡터인 다 copy 수의 YEp type인 pHK501을 구축하였다. pHK501과 pHK101형질전환체의 M. luteus를 기질로 한 lysoplate assay 비교에서 확실한 생산량의 증가를 생육저지환을 통해 확인하였다. 또한 E. coli에서 peptidoglycan만을 추출하여 기질로 사용한 lysoplate assay에서도 pHK501형질전환체의 배양액 중에는 정상적 인 HLY의 생산을 직접 확인할 수 있었다. 플라스크 배양에서 배양시간에 따른 HLY의 최대 생산량은 81시간만에 pHK501형질전환체가 55 units/$m\ell$에 도달됨으로써 pHK101(7 units/$m\ell$)에 비해 약 8배 증가됐다. 발효조규모에서의 HLY 생산은 24시간만에 26.8 units/$m\ell$(1.12 units/$m\ell$/h)에 도달하였고 전체 생산성은 플라스크배양(0.625 units/$m\ell$/h)에 비해 약 1.8배 정도 증가되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.349-363
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• 2011

To assess the performance of a structure requires the measurement of global and relative displacements at critical points across the structure. They should be obtained in real time and in all weather condition. A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) could satisfy the last two requirements. The American Global Position System (GPS) provides long term acquisitions with sampling rates sufficient to track the displacement of long period structures. The accuracy is of the order of sub-centimetres. The steel building which hosts the authors' laboratory is the reference case-study within this paper. First a comparison of data collected by GPS sensor units with data recorded by tri-axial accelerometers is carried out when dynamic vibrations are induced in the structure by movements of the internal bridge-crane. The elaborations from the GPS position readings are then compared with the results obtained by a Finite Element (FE) numerical simulation. The purposes are: i) to realize a refinement of the structural parameters which characterize the building and ii) to outline a suitable way for processing GPS data toward structural monitoring.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

This study aims at finding the trend changes of spatial configuration in housing units of Korean apartments in the 2000s. Among the housing units in the apartments built by large construction companies, we have selected ones with small and regular sizes, $59m^2$ and $84m^2$ respectively, and investigated the number of bays, the location of wet zone and the spatial flexibility in the housing units selected for analysis. In conclusion, the number of bays in the housing unit has gradually increased, after allowing for the structural change of the balcony in the legal. It is estimated that the trend has came from the intent to increase the numbers of the externally exposed surfaces of the balcony, ensure a good view, lighting, ventilation and spatial flexibility. The location of wet zone, water-needed space such as a bathroom or a kitchen, has changed in the direction to facilitate the expansion and modification of space. Variable range of space has gradually expanded by using the balcony and wet zone as much as possible. In order to configure more effectively spaces in housing environments, the future study should be implemented to develop tools for realizing sustainable housing environment at the levels of not only the housing unit. but also the entire building, housing site, and city.