• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.273-277
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• 2012

The vacuum drying process for drying of paper in current transformers was modeled with an aim to develop an understanding of the drying mechanism involved and also to predict the water collection rates. A molecular as well as macroscopic approach was adopted for the prediction of drying rate. Ficks law of diffusion was adopted for the prediction of drying rates at macroscopic levels. A steady state and dynamic mass transfer simulation was performed. The bulk diffusion coefficient was calculated using weight loss experiments. The accuracy of the solution was a strong function of the relation developed to determine the equilibrium moisture content. The actually observed diffusion constant was also important to predict the plant water removal rate. Thermo gravimetric studies helped in calculating the diffusion constant. In addition, simulation studies revealed the formation of perpetual moisture traps (loops) inside the CT. These loops can only be broken by changing the temperature or pressure of the system. The change in temperature or pressure changes the kinetic or potential energy of the effusing vapor resulting in breaking of the loop. The cycle was developed based on this mechanism. Additionally, simulation studies also revealed that the actual mechanism of moisture diffusion in CT's is by surface jumps initiated by surface diffusion balanced against the surrounding pressure. Every subsequent step in the cycle was to break such loops. The effect of change in drying time on the electrical properties of the insulation was also assessed. The measurement of capacitance at the rated voltage and one third of the rated voltage demonstrated that the capacitance change is within the acceptance limit. Hence, the new cycle does not affect the electrical performance of the CT.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권41호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2015

애니메이션에서 포즈는 타이밍, 스페이싱과 더불어 중요한 요소라고 말할 수 있다. 포즈는 애니메이션 동작의 스토리텔링이나 상황을 설명하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 애니메이팅 방식은 스트레이트 어헤드 (Straight ahead action) 와 포즈 투 포즈 (Pose to pose) 방식이 있고, 애니메이션 작업자들은 이 두 방식을 사용하거나 두 가지 방식을 혼용해서 사용하고 있다. 컴퓨터 애니메이션은 키 프레임 사이에 보간법을 이용해 포즈 사이에 인비트윈(inbetween) 동작들을 생성하도록 하고 있고, 컴퓨터 애니메이션 작업자들은 포즈 투 포즈 방식의 작업을 많이 쓰고 있다. 애니메이션에서 어떤 하나의 스토리나 상황을 표현하기 위해서 강력하고 좋은 포즈들을 만들어 내느냐 마느냐가 전체 애니메이션 동작의 질을 좌우한다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 이것은 관객들이 애니메이션을 잘 이해 할 수 있는지 없는지, 작업자에겐 능률적인 혹은 비효율적인 작업이 되게 하는 열쇠이다. 이 논문에서는 효과적이고 좋은 포즈를 잡아내는 데에 있어서 4가지 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 4가지의 포즈 선별 방법은 스트레치와 스쿼시의 포즈, 캐릭터의 발 혹은 사물의 높낮이 결정을 통한 포즈, 무게 중심을 고려한 포즈, 캐릭터의 경우 스텝을 밟을 때의 포즈들이다. 이 방법은 디즈니의 애니메이션의 12가지 법칙을 최대한 응용 했고 컴퓨터 애니메이션의 작업 방식에 특징을 고려한 방법이다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2009

Recently, small and medium-sized hospitals which are located in rural areas have many difficulties in securing high quality nurses. That is because working environments for nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals in rural areas are poor compared with those of big hospitals in urban. As a result, the migration of nurses from small and medium-sized hospitals in rural areas to big hospitals in urban is continuously happening. In general, big hospitals provide nurses with high level of salary and fringe benefits. To prevent the migration of nurses, chief executive officers of small & medium hospitals in rural areas have been interested in improving nurses' working conditions including wages. Also, they have raised nurses' salary and improved working conditions. But, basically these individualized efforts have some limit. In connection with this, medical interest groups have produced various voices in terms of interpretation and solutions for these issues. However, from the future perspectives, it seems evident that two approaches for both manpower supply and demand plans of nurses are necessary. They should contain not only accurate estimation of the supply-demand of nursing manpower but also the improvement of working conditions and wages of nurses. Estimation of nursing manpower supply-demand depends on the standards and criteria being used. Supply and demand may be met or not in accordance with the points emphasized on the decision. In the articles, issues regarding nursing manpower, levels of salary, other working conditions and social support system for child care are discussed. According to Joe's report (2005), most health institutions did not meet the guidelines of nurse staffing in Medical Law. The wages of nurse vary on every hospital and there is a big difference in wages' range. The average starting salary for a nurse is 22 million won a year. In case of tertiary hospitals, it reaches up to 30 million won a year. Nurse as a profession should have a strong responsibility and should take care of the patients for 24 hours with three working shifts. Also, most of them are female who have the burden of child rearing. Therefore, it is suggested to increase the salary, to provide comfortable working conditions, and to have social support system for nurses with household affairs.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.70.3-70.3
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• 2016

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) typically show a non-thermal continuum locally represented by a power-law and many prominent emission lines in the UV and optical regions. AGNs are classified by two types, where Type I AGNs exhibit both broad and narrow lines and only narrow lines are observed in Type 2 AGNs. The unification models of AGNs invoke the existence of a molecular torus just outside of the broad line region. In the presence of a high column HI region associated with the molecular torus, we propose that significant fraction of broad line photons near Lyman series can be scattered by atomic hydrogen in the torus. In particular, $Ly{\alpha}$ being the strongest emission line, strong linear polarization may develop around $Ly{\alpha}$ through Rayleigh scattering. We adopt a Monte Carlo technique to investigate the polarized transfer of $Ly{\alpha}$ in a thick HI region with the shape of a torus. We consider the range of HI column density N_HI = 1020-23 with fixed geometric parameters of the torus such as the inner and outer radii and the height. We present the polarized spectra and angular distribution of Rayleigh scattered radiation around $Ly{\alpha}$. We find that the $Ly{\alpha}$ core part is polarized in the direction perpendicular to the symmetry axis whereas in the far wing part it is polarized in the parallel direction. It is concluded that the unification of AGNs implies that $Ly{\alpha}$ can be uniquely polarized through Rayleigh scattering.

• 천문학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2003

Optical (R) and near-infrared (K') images of the IRAS 1-Jy sample of 118 ultraluminous infrared galaxies have been studied. All but one object in the 1-Jy sample show signs of strong tidal interaction/merger. Most of them harbor a single disturbed nucleus and are therefore in the later stages of a merger event. Single-nucleus ULIGs show a broad distribution in host magnitudes with significant overlap with those of quasars. The same statement applies to R - K' colors in ULIG and quasar hosts. An analysis of the surface brightness profiles of the host galaxies in single-nucleus sources reveals that about $35\%$ of the Rand K' surface brightness profiles are well fit by an elliptical-like $R^{1/4}$-law, while only $2\%$ are well fit by an exponential disk. Another $38\%$ of the single-nucleus systems are fit equally well with an exponential or de Vaucouleurs profile. Elliptical-like hosts are most common among merger remnants with Seyfert 1 nuclei ($83\%$) and Seyfert 2 optical characteristics ($69\%$). The mean effective radius of these ULIGs is 4.80 $\pm$ 1.37 kpc at Rand 3.48 $\pm$ 1.39 kpc at K'. These values are in excellent agreement with recent quasar measurements obtained at H with HST. The hosts of elliptical-like 1-Jy systems follow with some scatter the same ${\mu}e - r_e$ relation, giving credence to the idea that some of these objects may eventually become elliptical galaxies if they get rid of their excess gas or transform this gas into stars.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2005

Every one hopes for the strong or healthy families and happy society, The Healthy Families Act legislated on February 9, 2004, and three centers were appointed to perform as a model, before the law has been in force from January 1, 2005. The major services or programs at the Center performed last year were as follows; educational programs, counseling for prevention of family problems, and cultural events for strengthening the family functions. This study presented the general situations of Seoul Yongsan-gu Sookmyung Women's University Center for Healthy Families last year, evaluated the product of cultural events or programs, and proposed better ideas for managing cultural services or programs. In 'the division of Home Culture', the community networks were established, and diverse events or programs provided drew high satisfaction among attendants. In the future, some services or programs at Seoul Yongsan-gu Sookmyung Women's University Center for Healthy Families hoped to be helpful and made a basis for activating services or programs for other centers.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2018

Background: This study aims to conduct curriculum analysis on health management schools focusing on relationship with licence and certification in Republic of Korea. Methods: Possible employment field, licence and certification as well as curriculum were collected from the home page of 30 health management schools. The subjects and credits of curriculum were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Main subjects by areas were drew using categorization and ranking within qualitative methods. Comparative analysis was conducted for checking relationship between main subject and possible employment field, licence and certification. Results: First, major employment fields after graduation were public health officer, general hospital and clinic, and National Health Insurance Service. Possible licence and certificate were hospital administrator, medical recorder, health education specialist, and medical insurance specialist. Second, total graduate credits were 133.9 including 79.0 for major education, 30.5 for of general education, and 30.5 for elective courses. Third, main subjects were reviewed by areas including basic medicine, health management, hospital business & management, medical records & information, insurance billing & assessment, healthcare marketing & tourism, and health education. There were highest number of subjects on health education area among 8 categories. By subjects, many health management schools open health law, medical terminology, introduction to public health, and biostatistics. Relationship between main subjects and possible employment field, licence and certification in health management schools was strong. Conclusion: It is necessary to review curriculum and for improving educational quality in health management schools. Also, development of curriculum standards for courses in health administration and introduction of accreditation system can be considered.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.579-611
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• 2017

Bora is a strong, usually dry temporally and spatially transient wind that is common at the eastern Adriatic Coast and many other dynamically similar regions around the world. One of the Bora main characteristics is its gustiness, when wind velocities can reach up to five times the mean velocity. Bora often creates significant problems to traffic, structures and human life in general. In this study, Bora velocity and near-ground turbulence are studied using the results of three-level high-frequency Bora field measurements carried out on a meteorological tower near the city of Split, Croatia. These measurements are analyzed for a period from April 2010 until June 2011. This rather long period allows for making quite robust and reliable conclusions. The focus is on mean Bora velocity, turbulence intensity, Reynolds shear stress and turbulence length scale profiles, as well as on Bora velocity power spectra and thermal stratification. The results are compared with commonly used empirical laws and recommendations provided in the ESDU 85020 wind engineering standard to question its applicability to Bora. The obtained results report some interesting findings. In particular, the empirical power- and logarithmic laws proved to fit mean Bora velocity profiles well. With decreasing Bora velocity there is an increase in the power-law exponent and aerodynamic surface roughness length, and simultaneously a decrease in friction velocity. This indicates an urban-like velocity profile for smaller wind velocities and a rural-like velocity profile for larger wind velocities. Bora proved to be near-neutral thermally stratified. Turbulence intensity and lateral component of turbulence length scales agree well with ESDU 85020 for this particular terrain type. Longitudinal and vertical turbulence length scales, Reynolds shear stress and velocity power spectra differ considerably from ESDU 85020. This may have significant implications on calculations of Bora wind loads on structures.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 1989

The polycrystalline powder of (BaLa)(MgMo)$O_6$ has been prepared at $1350^{\circ}C$ in a nitrogen flowing atmosphere. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that (BaLa)(MgMo)$O_6$ has a cubic perovskite structure ($a_0$ = 8.019(3) $\AA)$ with 1:1 ordering or $Mg^{2+}$ and $Mo^{5+}$ in the oxide lattice. The infrared spectrum shows two strong absorption bands with their maxima at 600(${\nu}3$) and 365(${\nu}4$) cm-1, which are attributed to $2T_{1U}$, modes of molybdenum octahedra MoO6 in the crystal lattice. According to the magnetic susceptibility measurement, the compound shows a paramagnetic behavior which follows the Curie-Weiss law below room temperature with the effective magnetic moment 1.60(1){$\mu}B$, which is consistent with that of spin only value ($1.73{\mu}B$) for $Mo^{5+}$ ($4d^1$ electronic configuration). From the thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction analyses, it has been found that (BaLa)(MgMo)$O_6$ decomposes gradually into $BaMoO_4$, $MoO_3$ and unidentified phases above $900^{\circ}C$ in an ambient atmosphere, absorbing about 0.25 mole $O_2$ per mole of Mo ion, which also supports that oxidation state of $Mo^{5+}$ in the (BaLa)(MgMo)$O_6$.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-56
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• 2015

The Emilia, May-July 2012, earthquake has dramatically highlighted the only the hazards facing the people in insufficiently secured workplaces, but also the socio-economic consequences of interruption of production activities. After the event, in order to guarantee suitable safety levels, the Italian government asked for a generalized seismic retrofit of buildingsaffected by the earthquake under consideration. Considering that Emilia is one of the most industrialized Italian region, the number of the industrial buildings to be verified could however lead to not acceptable resumption of production time. So, with the aim to speed up the recovery, were leaved out from this request the buildings which had undergone a strong enoughshaking without any damage. In practice, the earthquakes were being used as a "test" to evaluate the seismic structural strength. Besides, the Italian government provision specifies also the zones, within which buildings that escaped evident damage are exempt from obligatory checks, and termed "exclusion zones", shall be individuated using the data provided by the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology in the form of so-called "shakemaps". Obviously, the precision of such data greatly influences the determination of the exclusions zones and so all the economic issues related to them. Starting from these considerations, the present paper describes an evaluation of the reliability of the procedure of shakemap generation with specific regard to the seismic events that struck the Emilia region on May 20 and 29, 2012.