• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.8.2-8.2
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• 2011

This talk demonstrates diverse patterned structures utilizing in-situ self-organization and phase separation of the materials into an ordered fashion. The patterned structures in this talk include electrospun nanofibers and electrosprayed microparticles embedding small particles. The positions of the small particles are in-situ controlled during the electrohydrodynamic process by the interaction with the polymer matrix. Another topic of the talk includes selective deposition of spin-coated materials on a corrugated surface that was prepared by buckling of polymer thin films. Solution are strong tendency to be positioned in the trench area of the surface, which facilitates the fabrication of micropatterns of diverse materials.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.537-555
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• 2021

Many researchers have carried out studies related to programming languages since the beginning of computer science. Besides programming with traditional programming languages (i.e., procedural, object-oriented, functional programming language, etc.), a new paradigm of programming is being carried out. It is programming with natural language. By programming with natural language, we expect that it will free our expressiveness in contrast to programming languages which have strong constraints in syntax. This paper surveys the approaches that generate source code automatically from a natural language description. We also categorize the approaches by their forms of input and output. Finally, we analyze the current trend of approaches and suggest the future direction of this research domain to improve automatic code generation with natural language. From the analysis, we state that researchers should work on customizing language models in the domain of source code and explore better representations of source code such as embedding techniques and pre-trained models which have been proved to work well on natural language processing tasks.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.861-869
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• 2003

The rapid growth of multimedia network systems has caused overflowing illegal copies of digital contents. Among digital contents, watermarking technique can be used to protect ownership about the image. Copyright protection involves the authentication of image ownership and the identification of illegal copies of image. In this paper, a new digital watermarking technique using HVS and adaptive scale factor based on the wavelet transform is proposed to use the binary image watermark. The original image is decomposed by 3-level wavelet transform. It is embedded to baseband and high frequency band. The embedding in the baseband is considered robustness, the embedding in the high frequency band is concerned about HVS and invisibility. The watermarking of a visually recognizable binary image used the HVS and random permutation to protect the copyright. From the experimental results, we confirm that the proposed technique is strong to various attacks such as joint photographic experts ground(JPEG) compression, cropping, collusion, and inversion of lines.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a new watermarking algorithm in which a watermark is created based on the energy of the original image and embedded into the image by replacement. The watermark is adjusted to have a certain proportional amount of energy based on one of the original image and embedded into the DFT magnitude component replacing original coefficients. This scheme reduces degree of quality degradation in a watermarked image by maintaining energy and strengthen robustness against attacks by embedding a strong watermark. From the result of experiment, we confirmed that the proposed algorithm had high invisibility of 47.6dB of PSNR and could reconstruct 98.9% of message on average.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.191-191
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• 2012

InP quantum dot (QD) - organosilicon nanocomposites were synthesized and their photoluminescence quenching was mainly investigated because of their applicability to white LEDs (light emitting diodes). The as-synthesized InP QDs which were capped with myristic acid (MA) were incompatible with typical silicone encapsulants. Post ligand exchange the MA with a new ligand, 3-aminopropyldimethylsilane (APDMS), resulted in soluble InP QDs bearing Si-H groups on their surface (InP-APDMS) which allow embedding the QDs into vinyl-functionalized silicones through direct chemical bonding, overcoming the phase separation problem. However, the ligand exchange from MA to APDMS caused a significant decrease in the photoluminescent efficiency which is interpreted by ligand induced surface corrosion relying on theoretical calculations. The InP-APDMS QDs were cross-linked by 1,4-divinyltetramethylsilylethane (DVMSE) molecules via hydrosilylation reaction. As the InP-organosilicon nanocomposite grew, its UV-vis absorbance was increased and at the same time, the PL spectrum was red-shifted and, very interestingly, the PL was quenched gradually. Three PL quenching mechanisms are regarded as strong candidates for the PL quenching of the QD nano-composites, namely the scattering effect, Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and cross-linker tension preventing the QD's surface relaxation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.181-199
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• 1999

The industry of modern clothing has deviated from the overflow of commercialism and the standardization and nowadays is going toward pursuing art, creativity, and high added value. This trend brings the return of the natural materials from the synthetic textiles and increases the value of old and handmade fabrics. Finally, the handmade-paper, which is a natural material, comes to be reconsidered as a new material for the clothing. Therefore, as the natural materials and the manufacture of handmade clothing are rising again, the qualitative improvement and globalization of clothing industry should be first realized through the developments of creative and various clothing materials and new expressing techniques. The above investigation and study have been synthesized and analyzed as follows: First, through the study on the origin of the paper clothing, its historical background and the process of its development, we've learned these two facts following : the paper clothing of the East in the past mostly had practiced meanings. On the other hand, in the West it had meanings which were raised the artist's emotions and beauty-consciousness to the artistic level by the various kinds of expressing methods. Second, handmade-paper was manufactured by the embedding method, which mixed mulberry pulp, gauze, corn, hair, sisal, silk and so on. It was found that handmade-paper had the affluent and proper texture as the clothing material and was be able to control the clarity through the variation of thickness. It was also confirmed that the creative and original texture with hand-worked molding beauty was obtained by the use of handmade-paper. Third, when the handmade-paper is used, the molding beauty of plane, relievo, and solid can be freely pursued, and various and effective molding conformation can be constructed by the effect of superposition and repetition. Also, because the maximum discretion from the various optional manufacturing methods is allowed, the molding beauty can be maximized when the clothes are manufactured with handmade-paper. Fourth, the gauze with strong drape was combined to overcome the stiffness and the tearing of the paper. As a result, the durability and the wearability of the paper were strengthened and thus the thus the applications as the clothing material were enlarged. In conclusion, in order to enhance the value, creativity, practicality, and artistic sense of the design for modern clothing, the clothes made of handmade-paper should be more studied. Moreover, for the generalization of paper clothes, the studies on the development of practical paper with paper with water resistance, post-treatment after dyeing, flexibility, and durability should be done. I really hope that this study will be the motive to provoke the possibility of handmade-paper as new clothing material in not only practical sense but also artistic sense.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.47-60
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• 2023

At present, in South Korea, there is a growing concern regarding solar power facilities installed on slopes because they are prone to damage caused by natural disasters, such as heavy rainfall and typhoons. Each year, these solar power facilities experience soil erosion due to heavy rainfall and foundation damage or detachment caused by strong wind loads. Despite these challenges, the interaction between the ground and structures is not adequately considered. Current analyses primarily focus on the structural stability under external loads; the overall facility site's stability-excluding the solar structures-in relation to its surrounding slopes is neglected. Therefore, in this study, we use finite-difference method analysis to simulate the behavior of the foundation and piles to assess changes in lateral displacement and bending stress in piles, as well as the safety factor of sloped terrains, in response to various influencing factors, such as pile diameter, spacing between piles, pile-embedding depth, wind loads, and dry and wet conditions. The analysis results indicate that pile spacing and wind loads significantly influence lateral displacement and bending stress in piles, whereas pile-embedding depth strongly influences the safety factor of sloped terrains. Moreover, we found that under certain conditions, the design criteria in domestic standards may not be met.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1491-1504
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• 2012

InP quantum dot (QD)-organosilicon nanocomposites were synthesized and their photoluminescence quenching was mainly investigated because of their applicability to white LEDs (light emitting diodes). The as-synthesized InP QDs are capped with myristic acid (MA), which are incompatible with typical silicone encapsulants. We have introduced a new ligand, 3-aminopropyldimethylsilane (APDMS), which enables embedding the QDs into vinyl-functionalized silicones through direct chemical bonding. The exchange of ligand from MA to APDMS does not significantly affect the UV absorbance of the InP QDs, but quenches the PL to about 10% of its original value with the relative increase in surface related emission intensities, which is explained by stronger coordination of the APDMS ligands to the surface indium atoms. InP QD-organosilicon nanocomposites were synthesized by connecting the QDs using a short cross-linker such as 1,4-divinyltetramethylsilylethane (DVMSE) by the hydrosilylation reaction. The formation and changes in the optical properties of the InP QD-organosilicon nanocomposite were monitored by ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) absorbance and steady state photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. As the hydrosilylation reaction proceeds, the QD-organosilicon nanocomposite is formed and grows in size, causing an increase in the UV-vis absorbance due to the scattering effect. At the same time, the PL spectrum is red-shifted and, very interestingly, the PL is quenched gradually. Three PL quenching mechanisms are regarded as strong candidates for the PL quenching of the QD nanocomposites, namely the scattering effect, F$\ddot{o}$rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and cross-linker tension preventing the QD's surface relaxation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.28-34
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• 2002

This paper describes embedding non-linearly watermark data in the components of pixel intensities in the spatial domain of an image. The principle of the proposed method is that when an image is segmented regularly to the blocks, the pixels of the block have the non-linear properties without any similarity. That is, for the block with strong non-linear property human can't feel the visual different to the modified pixel values, on the other hand for the block with weak non-linear property human can feel the visual different to the a little modified pixel values. Thus we could embed the watermark data according to the non-linear property of the blocks. As the result of the simulation, against some general image processing attacks our algorithm could keep robust and be responsible for the copyright certainly. 

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2017

The research area for solving question answering (QA) problems using artificial intelligence models is in a methodological transition period, and one such architecture, the dynamic memory network (DMN), is drawing attention for two key attributes: its attention mechanism defined by neural network operations and its modular architecture imitating cognition processes during QA of human. In this paper, we increased accuracy of the inferred answers, by adapting an automatic data augmentation method for lacking amount of training data, and by improving the ability of time perception. The experimental results showed that in the 1K-bAbI tasks, the modified DMN achieves 89.21% accuracy and passes twelve tasks which is 13.58% higher with passing four more tasks, as compared with one implementation of DMN. Additionally, DMN's word embedding vectors form strong clusters after training. Moreover, the number of episodic passes and that of supporting facts shows direct correlation, which affects the performance significantly.