• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 2021

A 5-year-old castrated male Maine Coon cat presented with chronic otitis on the right ear. The clinical signs, scratching and head shaking, were recurrent despite symptomatic treatment, including antibiotics and antifungal agents. Video otoscopic examination and computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a polyp in the right ear canal. The polyp was removed via per-endoscopic trans-tympanic traction (PTT) with a grasping forceps. After treatment, Horner's syndrome occurred in the right eye but spontaneously resolved a week later. The mass was diagnosed as inflammatory polyp with a fibrovascular stroma containing plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. All clinical signs were improved, and no recurrence was observed after 3 weeks of follow-up. This case report demonstrates that CT scan is effective in identifying the margin of polyp and PTT technique is non-invasive method for treating inflammatory polyp in cats without severe complications.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.336-338
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• 2020

A 12-year-old female spayed miniature schnauzer with one month history of halitosis had a cylindrical protruding mass about 2 × 2 × 1 cm in size arising from the right palatine tonsil. Histopathologically, tonsillar mass was covered with stratified squamous epithelium and many lymphoid follicles with germinal center were existed in the upper area of submucosa. Numerous variable sized, occasionally cystic dilated vascular channels (thin walled lymphatic channels) lined by flattened, discontinous endothelial cells were widely distributed throughout the core of fibrovascular stroma. According to immunohistochemistry (IHC), lining endothelial cells in vascular channels showed strong immunoreactivities for CD31 and von Willebrand factor. Based on the gross, histopathologic, and IHC findings, the oral mass of dog was diagnosed as tonsillar lymphangiomatous polyp, the second case in a veterinary field.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.168-171
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• 2022

Palisading encapsulated neuroma is a rare, benign, cutaneous nerve sheath tumor. It usually occurs as an asymptomatic solitary skin-colored papule and commonly affects the nose and cheeks. Sometimes, it involves other sites, including the shoulder, upper arm, and trunk, but rarely involves the oral mucosa, including that of the lip. In our case, a 63-year-old female patient complained of a pinkish rubbery nodule on her lower lip. Histopathologic examination demonstrated a well-circumscribed nodule encapsulated by connective tissue stroma in the dermis. The nodule consisted of palisading spindle-shaped tumor cells with wavy and basophilic nuclei. The cells were arranged in streaming fascicles with multiple clefts and were strongly positive for S-100 proteins. To our knowledge, only three cases of palisading encapsulated neuroma on the lower lip have been reported in the Korean literature. Herein, we report a rare case of an oral palisaded encapsulated neuroma.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.591-601
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• 2022

In gene set analysis with microarray expression data, a group of genes such as a gene regulatory pathway and a signaling pathway is often tested if there exists either differentially expressed (DE) or differentially co-expressed (DC) genes between two biological conditions. Recently, a statistical test based on covariance estimation have been proposed in order to identify DC genes. In particular, covariance regularization by hard thresholding indeed improved the power of the test when the proportion of DC genes within a biological pathway is relatively small. In this article, we compare covariance thresholding methods using four different regularization penalties such as lasso, hard, smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD), and minimax concave plus (MCP) penalties. In our extensive simulation studies, we found that both SCAD and MCP thresholding methods can outperform the hard thresholding method when the proportion of DC genes is extremely small and the number of genes in a biological pathway is much greater than a sample size. We also applied four thresholding methods to 3 different microarray gene expression data sets related with mutant p53 transcriptional activity, and epithelium and stroma breast cancer to compare genetic pathways identified by each method.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.250-255
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• 2022

In 2010, the World Health Organization classified mucin-producing bile duct tumors of the liver into two distinct entities; mucinous cystic neoplasm of the liver (MCN-L) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct. We present the case of a patient with MCN-L having a uniquely pedunculated shape. A 32-year-old woman was referred to our institution with a diagnosis of biliary cystic neoplasm. She had undergone left salpingo-oophorectomy for ovarian cancer 15 years ago. Imaging studies showed an 8 cm-sized well defined, multiloculated cystic lesion suggesting a mucinous cystic neoplasm. The cystic mass was pedunculated at the liver capsule and pathologically diagnosed as MCN-L. The mass was resected with partial hepatectomy. The patient recovered uneventfully. She was discharged 7 days postoperatively. The patient has been doing well for 6 months after the operation. The patient will be followed up annually because of the favorable postresection prognosis of MCN-L.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2023

Tumors are encircled by various non-cancerous cell types in the extracellular matrix, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells, and cytokines. Fibroblasts are the most critical cells in the tumor stroma and play an important role in tumor development, which has been highlighted in some epithelial cancers. Many studies have shown a tight connection between cancerous cells and fibroblasts in the last decade. Regulatory factors secreted into the tumor environment by special fibroblast cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), play an important role in tumor and vessel development, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This review addresses the development of FAP inhibitors, emphasizing the first, second, and latest generations. First-generation inhibitors exhibit low selectivity and chemical stability, encouraging researchers to develop new scaffolds based on preclinical and clinical data. Second-generation enzymes such as UAMC-1110 demonstrated enhanced FAP binding and better selectivity. Targeted treatment and diagnostic imaging have become possible by further developing radionuclide-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs). Although all three FAPIs (01, 02, and 04) showed excellent preclinical and clinical findings. The final optimization of these FAPI scaffolds resulted in FAPI-46 with the highest tumor-to-background ratio and better binding affinity.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 2024

This review comprehensively examines the diverse spectrum of gastric cancers, focusing on unusual or uncommon histology that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. While the predominant form, tubular adenocarcinoma, is well-characterized, this review focuses on lesser-known variants, including papillary adenocarcinoma, micropapillary carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), hepatoid adenocarcinoma, gastric choriocarcinoma, gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma, carcinosarcoma, gastroblastoma, parietal cell carcinoma, oncocytic adenocarcinoma, Paneth cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type, undifferentiated carcinoma, and extremely well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Although these diseases have different nomenclatures characterized by distinct histopathological features, these phenotypes often overlap, making it difficult to draw clear boundaries. Furthermore, the number of cases was limited, and the unique histopathological nature and potential pathogenic mechanisms were not well defined. This review highlights the importance of understanding these rare variants for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment planning, and improving patient outcomes. This review emphasizes the need for ongoing research and case studies to enhance our knowledge of these uncommon forms of gastric cancer, which will ultimately contribute to more effective treatments and better prognostic assessments. This review aimed to broaden the pathological narrative by acknowledging and addressing the intricacies of all cancer types, regardless of their rarity, to advance patient care and improve prognosis.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.123-126
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• 2000

Pyogenic granuloma is a overzealous proliferation of a vascular type connective tissue as a result of some minor trauma and is a well circumscribed elevated, pedunculated or sessile benign inflammatory lesion of skin and mucous membrane. The clinical features of pyogenic granuloma are indicative but not specific and nearly all cases of pyogenic granulomas are superficial in nature, and there is little if any mention in the literature of these lesions producing alveolar bone even jaw bone loss. This case is somewhat unique in that the lesion was an obvious histologic pyogenic granuloma; however, it appeared to invade the mandibular bone which resulted in the loss of the adjacent teeth. A 12-year-old boy came to Seoul National University Dental Hospital with chief complaints of left facial swelling. The features obtained were as follows; Plain radiograms showed a large well-circumscribed radiolucent lesion on left mandibular ramus area, which made severe expansion of lingual cortex and displacement of lower left 3rd molar tooth germ. Computed tomograms showed large soft tissue mass involving left masticator space with destruction of left mandibular ramus. Histologically, sections revealed loose edematous stroma with intense infiltration of inflammatory cells and proliferation of vascular channels. Also, there were focal areas of extensive capillary proliferation, bone destruction and peripheral new bone formation.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2006

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is a rare histologic variant of ameloblastoma. It shows important differences in anatomic distribution, histologic appearance, and radiographic findings compared with the general type of ameloblastoma. It is histologically characterized by an abundance of densely collagenous stroma and radiographically a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion. We present three cases of desmoplastic ameloblastoma. All the patients complained on buccal swelling with or without pain and the sites of occurrence were the anterior and the premolar region. Plain radiographs showed mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion with ill-defined or diffuse sclerotic margin and no external root resorption. Additionally, CT scans revealetl buccal expansion and relatively well-defined margin of the lesions. The clinical and radiographic features of the presented cases were compared with those of the desmoplastic ameloblastoma in the previous literatures.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 1987

Osteogenic sarcoma is a malignant primary tumor of bone composed of a malignant connective tissue stroma with evidence of malignant osteoid, bone and/or cartilage formation. A 23year old man was admitted to dental department of Yeungnam University hospital with chief complaint of swelling and pain on alveolar ridge of lower right molar region. It was certain of osteogenic sarcoma through clinical and radiographic features and biopsy. Surgical resection of the lesion was performed by partial mandibulectomy and resin plate insertion. By follow up check of the patient, we made good result of functional reconstruction without any sign of recurrence of the lesion.