• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2006

Backgrounds : Hyperlipidemia is a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lowering serum cholesterol levels could reduce the risk of CVD. Insamsansa-eum (Renshenshanzha-yin, ISE), composed of Ginseng Radix and Crataegii Fructus, is a new medicine developed to treat hyperlipidemia and CVD. Objectives : In this study, we intended to explore the clinical effects of ISE on patients with hypercholesterolemia, and moreover we also compared its effects according to the pattern identification. Methods : Subjects were administered ISE with the dose of 600 mg three times a day for 4 weeks. Patterns of subjects were identified with diagnostic scoring system for Yin-Yang and the condition of Excess-Deficiency before treatment. Serum lipids were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks of medication. Results : ISE lowered total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), total lipid(TL), phospholipid(PL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) significantly. Compared with the data of our previous study, it was less effective than Atorvastatin but showed equal lipids-lowering effect to Chunghyul-dan (Qingxue-dan, CHD). In Yang pattern group, ISE was less effective in lowering TG and LDL than it was in not-Yang-not-Yinpattern group. On safety assessment, there was no adverse effect, hepatic or renal toxicity. Conclusions : We suggest that ISE is a safe and useful herbal medicine for hypercholesterolemia, and moreover it could be more useful when it is used for patients with not Yang pattern.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1378-1382
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• 2008

This study is aim to evaluate pulse diagnosis as indicators for classification of the pattern identifications in stroke patients. To get the clinical information, we recruited the onset 1 month stroke patients through the multicenter network which consists of 13 oriental hospitals. The clinical informations about three pairs of pulse wave form and levels of their significancy based on the case report form (CRF) were collected and their distribution in each pattern identification were analyzed. The results are as follows Fire-Heat group shows high portions of floating pulse, rapid pulse and solid pulse. Qi Defficiency group has a greater portion of deep pulse, slow pulse, deficient pulse. The well-defined character of Phlegm-Retained Fluid, Yin Defficiency, Static Blood groups cannot be explained by pulse wave form. These results show a rough relationship between the pulse diagnosis and pattern identifications of stroke therefore, further studies are required to determine the pulse diagnosis as significant indicators of stroke pattern identification.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.752-762
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• 2010

Objective : In the present study, we investigated genetic distribution of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms of PON1 between Dampness and Phlegm and non Dampness and Phlegm pattern identification(PI) among Korean stroke patients. Materials and Methods : One hundred forty stroke subject without Dampness and Phlegm and fifty eight stroke subjects with Dampness and Phlegm were participated in this study. After informed consents, eight single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in PON1 of each subjects were identified by DNA sequencing and primer extension method and statistical analysis was performed to determine the significant difference between Dampness and Phlegm and non Dampness and Phlegm groups. Results : Among anthropometric characteristics and blood parameters, waist circumference and total cholesterol were significantly higher in Dampness and Phlegm. Among 8 SNPs of PON1, frequency of M allele and subjects with M allele in L55M SNP were significantly higher in Dampness and Phlegm group (p=0.0032 and p=0.0053, respectively) but subjects with T allele in C-2033T SNP were lower in Dampness and Phlegm group(p=0.0302). Effect of L55M and C-2033T on Dampness and Phlegm were 3.07% and 1.75%, respectively. Conclusion : Our results suggest that L55M SNP in exon and C-2033T in promoter region of PON1 maybe affect to Dampness and Phlegm pattern identification. However, further study should be carried out to find out the detailed mechanism how L55M and C-2033T can affect Dampness and Phlegm stroke patients.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.546-550
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate oriental medicine pattern identification in patients with stroke on the basis of plasma fibrinogen levels and platelet counts. 555 patients diagnosed with stroke between November 2006 and February 2010 were divided in several ways according to the plasma fibrinogen levels and platelet counts on admission. And comparative analysis of the distribution ratio of oriental medicine pattern identification was done between the groups. The mean value of the plasma fibrinogen levels of whole population was 449.18 mg/dL, and it was higher than normal range. The mean value of the platelet counts of whole population was 244.29 /mL, and it was lower but in normal range. Oriental medicine pattern identifications were not characteristic between groups divided according to the serum levels of fibrinogen and platelet counts. In this study, there was not significant correlation between Oriental medicine pattern identifications and the thrombotic factor like plasma fibrinogen levels and platelet counts. This study could be the steppingstone for the next study to develope the objective indicator for the Oriental medicine pattern identifications.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

Object : The purpose of this study is to observe the changes of symptoms and signs diagnosised by differentiation of the pattern identification in stroke patients. Methods : Seventy subjects were recruited from patients with stroke within ten days of onset. We chose twenty-nine subjects diagnosised as same differentiation of the pattern identification, and who had at least on follow up session. We had investigated change of symptoms and signs diagnosised by differentiation of the pattern identification. Results : There were five symptoms and signs (thick fur, dry fur, difficult defecation, heat vexation and aversion to heat, normal pulse) and ten (heavy-headedness, frequency of defecation, hard defecation, feel heavy, slippery pulsem, dry mouth, bitter taste in the mouth, feel lazy, look lazy) symptoms and signs that were statistically significant improved in fire-heat patterns and dampness-phlegm pattern, respectively. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that collaborative treatment is effective in improving some symptoms and signs in acute ischemic stroke patients diagnosised by fire-heat pattern and dampness-phlegm pattern. Further studies with larger scale, longer observation period would be required.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.487-496
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical frequency and priority of five pattern identification settled by Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Sign for Stroke. The present study was done over 177 hospitalized patient with stroke in the Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in the period of November 2006 to July 2007. Stroke patients had been interviewed by residents and specialists who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental study for Standardization and Objectification of Differentiation and Pattern Identification of Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. In Heat-transformation pattern group, men showed significantly high frequency and in Deficiency of Gi pattern group, women showed significantly high frequency. In Heat-transformation pattern group, the indicators such as 'aversion to heat during fever', 'flushed face', 'full and rapid pulse', 'dryness of the eyes, 'yellow coating of the tongue', 'feverishness of the limbs', 'dryness of the eyes' showed significantly high frequency. In Dampphlegm syndrome group, the indicators such as 'white coating of the tongue', 'yellowish face', 'thick coating of the tongue', 'wheezing in the throat with sputum', 'swollen tongue', 'slippery pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Gi pattern group, the indicators such as 'pale tongue', 'lassitude', 'pale face', 'weakness pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Eum group, the indicators such as 'short and rapid pulse', 'mirror-like tongue' showed significantly high frequency. For more sensitive Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke, Large scale study is to be done, giving weight on the important indicators.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.187-197
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• 1999

To assess the usefulness of tongue inspection for evaluating the Pattern identification in oriental medicine, we observed stroke patient's tongue and tongue coat and compared it with Pattern identification. The test group was composed of 85 acute stroke stage patients(within 72 hours of onset). Subjects were randomly selected from stroke patients admitted in the KyungHee University, Hospital of Oriental Medicine from December 1 1998 to June 30 1999. We took pictures of patient's tongue and tongue coat within 72hours from onset and checked Pattern identification at the same time. Tongues colored pale rose or red greatly outnumbered other colors. Tongue shape tended to be prickly or fissured, and tongue condition tended to be unflexible or deviated. Regarding tongue coat color, there were great amounts of yellow or clark yellow tongue coats, which were moist, thick or greasy in substance. The red tongue was significantly related to Fire-heat and deficiency of Yin syndrome, while faint white tongue to Damp syndrome(P=0.006). In terms of tongue coat, thin coat was related to Wind and Fire-heat syndromes, thick coat to Damp and Blood stasis syndrome, respectively (P=0.002). In conclusion, we thought that tongue inspection could be a useful Oriental medicine diagnosis in stroke.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.237-252
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was done to investigate clinical frequency and correlation among the indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern identification settled by tentative Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke. Methods : The subjects were 147 hospitalized patients with stroke, and a list of registry was made for each of them. Among the five types of pattern identification, fire-heat, dampness-phlegm, blood-stasis and deficiency of Qi and of Yin, those that have shown a high frequency in dampness-phlegm type were categorized as the dampness-phlegm pattern group. Frequency of dampness-phlegm indicators was compared with those from the non-dampness-phlegm pattern group. Correlations among dampness-phlegm indicators were also studied. Results : 1. Dampness-phlegm pattern group included 26 patients out of 147. 2. Among the indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern. those, in order of highest frequency, were 'tiredness or sluggishness', 'white Coated tongue' and 'sputum'. 3. In comparing dampness-phlegm pattern group with non-dampness-phlegml group, the indicators such as 'lightheadedness', 'nigrescence', 'sputum', 'dermatic dysaesthesia' showed significantly high frequency. 4. Among the indicators, 'sputum' and 'tiredness or sluggishness', 'sputum' and 'yellow coated tongue', and 'white coated tongue' and 'yellow coated tongue' showed significant correlation. 5. In investigation of the correlation of scale in symptoms, various results such as positive correlation and negative correlation were obtained. Conclusion : In this study, more sensitive indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern identification were found. Based on these results, it is suggested that a more practical Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs of Stroke would be established through continuous clinical studies by giving weight on each specific type of pattern identification.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.149-153
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• 2011

In this study, we structuralized the diagnostic indices used for pattern identification (PI) of stroke, and suggested an AHP method to obtain the weights of PI indices. AHP of the subjects under consistency ratio 0.1 showed that the critical indices for stroke PI consists of 9 for Qi-deficiency, 13 for Phlegm/dampness, 7 for blood stagnation, 12 for Yin-deficiency and 16 for Fire/heat. Furthermore, AHP analysis rendered the weights of indices of each PI that will be useful for oriental medical experts to perform objective PI.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this paper is to report the improvements of a patient who has suffered from aftereffects following stroke such as dysgraphia and articulation disorder, which is treated by herbal medication based on Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system. Methods : According to 'Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System based on Shanghanlun Provisions', the patient was diagnosed as Taeyang-byung Gyeolhyung and number 138 provision, and was administered Sohamhyung-tang for 90 days. We recorded the progress of improvements based on the patient's statement and documented the patient's writing Results : The patient can write the letters such as U, 2, ㄹ,ㅇ more clearly and become confident on both writing and speaking. Conclusions : This case shows the effects of Sohamhyung-tang on aftereffects following stroke such as dysgraphia and articulation disorder. It was induced according to the 'Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System based on Shanghanlun Provisions' so that it suggest a potential interpretation, which is different with it of the text books Herbal Formula Science and Sanghallonjeonghae, on the provision no. 138. Also the usage of Sohamhyung-tang in this case may support the way far from the diagnosis of oriental neurological medicine, which explain the pathology of stroke as fire-heat(火熱), dampness-phlegm(濕痰), static blood(瘀血) and dual deficiency of qi and blood(氣血兩虛).