• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-122
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• 2013

For the optimization design and strength evaluation of the umbilical cable, the calculation of cross section stress is of great importance and very time consuming. To calculate the cross section stress under combined tension and bending loads, a new integrated analytical model of umbilical cable is presented in this paper. Based on the Hook's law, the axial strain of helical components serves as the tensile stress. Considering the effects of friction between helical components, the bending stress is divided into elastic bending stress and friction stress. For the former, the elastic bending stress, the curvature of helical components is deduced; and for the latter, the shear stress before and after the slipping of helical components is determined. This new analytical model is validated by the experimental results of an umbilical cable. Further, this model is applied to estimate the extreme strength and fatigue life of the umbilical cable used in South China Sea.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2019

Rockburst disasters pose serious threat to mining safety and underground excavation, especially in China, resulting in massive life-wealth loss and even compulsive closed-down of some coal mines. To investigate the mechanism of rockbursts that occur under a state of static forces, a stress model with sidewall as prototype was developed and verified by a group of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. In this model, roadway sidewall was simplified as a square plate with axial compression and end (horizontal) restraints. The stress field was solved via the Airy stress function. To track the "closeness degree" of the stress state approaching the yield limit, an unbalanced force F was defined based on the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. The distribution of the unbalanced force in the plane model indicated that only the friction angle above a critical value could cause the first failure on the coal in the deeper of the sidewall, inducing the occurrence of rockbursts. The laboratory tests reproduced the rockburst process, which was similar to the prediction from the theoretical model, numerical simulation and some disaster scenes.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

With globally increasing interests in climate-soil-vegetation system, a new stochastic model of soil water and plant water stress is derived for better understanding of the soil water and plant water stress dynamics and their role in water-controlled ecosystem. The steady-state assumption is used for simplifying the equations. The derived model is simple yet realistic that it can account for the essential features of the system. The model represents the general characteristics of rainfall, soil, and vegetation; i.e. the soil moisture constitutes the decrease form of the steady-state and the plant water stress becomes increasing with the steady state when the rainfall is decreased. With this model, further deep study for the effects of soil water and plant water stress on the system will be accomplished.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.50-63
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• 1995

We study under what condition the probability of the failure state of each component is realized by the latent stress model which considers the cause of the failure as well as the state of the given system. As a result, when the number of the components is less than or equal to 3, the $MTP_2$ property is a necessary and sufficient condition for the realization of the probability of system state by the latent stress model. Moreover, if the probability of the system state involving 2 or 3 components satisfies the $MTP_2$ property, one could guess that each component is under the same stress.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 2015

A state-based peridynamic model is able to describe a general constitutive model from the standard continuum theory. The response of a material at a point is dependent on the deformation of all bonds connected to the point within the nonlocal horizon region. Therefore, the state-based peridynamic model permits both the volume and shear changes of the material which is promising to reproduce the complicated dynamic brittle fracture phenomena, such as crack branching, secondary cracks, cascade cracks, crack coalescence, etc. In this paper, the two-dimensional state-based peridynamic model for a linear elastic plane stress solid is employed. The damage model incorporates the energy release rate and the peridynamic energy potential. For brittle glass materials, the impact of the crack-parallel compressive stress waves on the crack branching pattern is investigated. The peridynamic solution for this problem captures the main features, observed experimentally, of dynamic crack propagation and branching. Cascade cracks under strong tensile loading and secondary cracks are also well reproduced with the state-based peridynamic simulations.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.403-430
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• 2014

Shale gas formations exhibit strong mechanical and strength anisotropies. Thus, it is necessary to study the effect of anisotropy on the hydraulic fracture initiation pressure. The calculation model for the in-situ stress of the bedding formation is improved according to the effective stress theory. An analytical model of the stresses around wellbore in shale gas reservoirs, in consideration of stratum dip direction, dip angle, and in-situ stress azimuth, has been built. Besides, this work established a calculation model for the stress around the perforation holes. In combination with the tensile failure criterion, a prediction model for the hydraulic fracture initiation pressure in the shale gas reservoirs is put forward. The error between the prediction result and the measured value for the shale gas reservoir in the southern Sichuan Province is only 3.5%. Specifically, effects of factors including elasticity modulus, Poisson's ratio, in-situ stress ratio, tensile strength, perforation angle (the angle between perforation direction and the maximum principal stress) of anisotropic formations on hydraulic fracture initiation pressure have been investigated. The perforation angle has the largest effect on the fracture initiation pressure, followed by the in-situ stress ratio, ratio of tensile strength to pore pressure, and the anisotropy ratio of elasticity moduli as the last. The effect of the anisotropy ratio of the Poisson's ratio on the fracture initiation pressure can be ignored. This study provides a reference for the hydraulic fracturing design in shale gas wells.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 2019

The present fractional-order plasticity models for granular soil are mainly established under the triaxial compression condition, due to its difficult in analytically solving the fractional differentiation of the third stress invariant, e.g., Lode's angle. To solve this problem, a three dimensional fractional-order elastoplastic model based on the transformed stress method, which does not rely on the analytical solution of the Lode's angle, is proposed. A nonassociated plastic flow rule is derived by conducting the fractional derivative of the yielding function with respect to the stress tensor in the transformed stress space. All the model parameters can be easily determined by using laboratory test. The performance of this 3D model is then verified by simulating multi series of true triaxial test results of rockfill.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.577-580
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• 2003

Stress state of chip formation zone is one of the main problems in metal cutting mechanics. In two-dimensional case this process is usually considered as consistent shears of work material along single of several shear surfaces. separating chip from workpiece. These shear planes are assumed to be trajectories of maximum shear stress forming corresponding slip-line field. This paper suggests new approach to the constriction of slip-line field, which Implies uniform compression in chip formation zone. On the base of given model it has been found that imaginary shear line in orthogonal cutting is close to the trajectory of maximum normal stress and the problem about its determination have been considered. It has been shown that there is a second central slip-line field inside chip, which corresponds well to experimental data about stress distribution on tool rake face and tool-chip contact length. The suggested model could be useful in solution of various problems of machining.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.68-74
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• 2014

This study analyzes structural stress and fatigue about three types of automotive wheels. As maximum equivalent stresses at 1, 2 and 3 types become lower than the yield stress of material and deformations become minute, theses types are thought be safe on durability. Type 2 model has the most fatigue life among three kinds of types and the rest of models with fatigue lives are shown in the order of type 1 and 3. As the most fatigue frequency of type 2 model happens at the state of average stress and amplitude stress on the stress range narrower than type 1 or 3, type 2 model becomes most stable. In case of type 2 with the state near the average stress of 0 MPa and the amplitude stress of 300MPa, the possibility of maximum damage becomes 30%. This stress state can be shown as the most damage possibility. These study results can be effectively utilized with the design on automotive wheel by anticipating and investigating prevention and durability against its damage.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 1994

A new model for describing the behavior of clay under monotonic and cyclic loading is proposed. This model uses the hyperbolic representation for the stress -strain relationship in overconsolidated state and it describes undrained effective stress path on the basis of the critical state theory. The developed constitutive model by using an energy dissipation equation can describe the behavior of clay in heavily overconsolidated state as u.ell as lightly overconsolidated state under monotonic loading. In order to extend the model for the behavior of clay under cyclic loading, a shift function of undrained stress spacing ratio is introduced in the constitutive model developed for monotonlc loading. A single additional parameter is required to represent the cyclic effect and it can be reasonably deter mined from the test results. The measured behavior in undrained cyclic triaxial tests has been easily and precisely predicted by the newly developed constitutive model.