• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.200-205
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• 1983

Transfer experiment of drug resistance and citrate utilizing ability were performed to show the relationship between drug resistance and citrate utilizing ability of 76 Citrate-Utilizing variants of Escherichia coli(Cit $^+E$. coli) isolated from cattle. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Of seventy-six Cit $^+E$. coli, 36(47.4%) strains transfered their drug resistance to the E. coli ML 1410 by mating. 2. Tetracycline(TC) resistance determinants and citrate utilizing ability were transmitted in the recipient strains selected for TC, but it can be seen the segregation of streptomycin (SM) resistance determinants and citrate utilizing character in 9 recipient strains selected for SM. 3. Of seventeen TC resistance Cit $^+E$. coli, 10 strains transfered citrate utilizing character, alone. 4. The transmission of the ability to utilize citrate on Simmons citrate agar at $37^{\circ}C$, was demonstrated 52(68.4%) out of the 76 Cit $^+E$. coli.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2018

Since fire blight disease on apple and pear was produced in Korea in 2015, there were no registered chemicals to control against this disease. Instead, several antibacterial chemicals that were registered for other bacterial diseases such as soft rot and bacterial spot have been authorized by Rural Development Administration (RDA). However, these chemicals are not tested efficacy for fire blight disease except damage by those treatments on apple and pear in Korea. Thus, we evaluated efficiency using in vitro and in planta assays of antibacterial chemicals such as antibiotics and copper compounds including kasugamycin, oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid and streptomycin, and copper hydroxide, copper sulfate, oxine copper and tribasic copper sulfate, respectively. We also tested two kinds of biological agents. As expected, significant antibacterial effect was observed in vitro test of both antibiotics and copper-based chemicals. In planta test based on disease severity including ooze and water-soaked formation on immature pears, bacterial populations on blooms, and blight lesion formation in artificially inoculated shoots, kasugamycin, oxytetracycline and streptomycin have been shown the most efficiency among tested antibiotics. Four copper-based chemicals tested in this study, control effects are little bit lower than agricultural antibiotics but they seem to be available to use in terms of winter season. Biocontrol agents were also shown possibility to treat in eco-friendly farms. In addition, there are no antibiotic resistance genes in Korean isolates against antibiotics, which were selected for suppression of fire blight in this study.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 1978

28 strains of Enterococci isolated at doctorless areas in Korea from Oct. 1976 through Mar. 1977 and 30 strains of Enterococci isolated at Seoul National University Hospital from Sep. 1976 through Dec. 1976 were examined for susceptibilities to 14 antimicrobial agents by agar dilution method. The susceptibilities of two groups to each antimicrobial agent were compared and incidence of resistant strains in each antimicrobial agent, incidence of multiply resistant strains and correlations in the antimicrobial susceptibility of 58 strains of Enterococci among 14 antimicrobial agents were analyzed. 1. With Tetracycline, Oxytetracline, Doxycycline, Minocycline and Erythromycin, the mean MIC's of Enterococci isolated at Seoul National University Hospital were 1.9-2.5 times higher than those of Enterococci isolated at doctorless areas, though there were no statistical significance. 2. Frequency of resistant strains in Enterococci isolated at Seoul National University Hospital was the highest with Cephalexin(100%), Gentamicin(100%), and Streptomycin(100%), followed by Kanamycin(93.3%), Carbenicillin(90%), Tetracycline(26.7%), Oxytetracycline(26.7%), Doxycycline(26.7%), Minocycline(20%), Erythromycin(10%), Troleandomycin(10%), Penicillin(6.7%), Cotrimoxazole(6.7%) and Ampicillin(0%). 3. Frequency of resistant strains in Enterococci isolated at doctorless areas was the highest with Kanamycin(100%) and Streptomycin(100%), followed by Cephalexin(96.4%), Gentamicin(96.4%), Carbenicillin(92.9%), Tetracycline(10.7%), Oxytetracycline(10.7%), Doxycycline(10.7%), Minocycline(10.7%), Cotrimoxazole(10.7%), Penicillin(3.6%), Ampicillin(0%), Erythromycin(0%), and Troeandomycin(0%). 4. In study with Penicillin, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Cotrimoxazole, Erythromycin and Troleandomycin, there were no multiply resistant strains in Enterococci isolated at doctorless areas, while 4 strains of Enterococci isolated at Seoul National University Hospital showed multiple resistance. 5. There were high correlation in susceptibility of 58 strains of Enterococci among Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Doxycycline and Minocycline(correlation coefficients 0.86-0.97). Correlation coefficients of susceptibility among penicillin analogues(Penicillin, Ampicillin, Carbenicillin and Cephalexin) ranged between 0.75-0.89. Correlation coefficients of susceptibility among aminoglycosides(Kanamycin, Gentamicin and Streptomycin) ranged between 0.09-0.51.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.927-932
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• 1994

A total of 34 Salmonella sp. an d25 Shigella sp. were isolated from 311 patients with diarrhea. The isolation rates of Salmonella sp. ad Shigella sp. were 10.9% and 8%, respectively. The serogroups of 34 Salmonella sp. were in order of group D(50%), group B(38.25), group E(8.8%) and group C 92, 9%0. the serogroups of 25 Shigella sp. were group D(96%) and group B(4%). Seasonal distribution of isolated Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. were shown the most high at July, 17.65% and 64%, respectively. Age group distribution of isolated Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. were shown the most high at twenties and thirties (23.5%), and teens(76%), respectively. The Salmonella isolates were resistant in order of prevalence use of streptomycin(SM) (100%), erythromycin (EM) and movobiocin (NB)(90.6%), penicillin G(PG) (65.6%) and cephalexin (CPX)(46.9%). the isolates of Shigella sp. were resistant in order of prevalence use of EM (95.8%), NB(91.7%), SM(87.5%). Eighteen kinds of resistant patterns of Salmonella ioslates were detected. The multiple resistance patterns of Shigella isolates were mostly SM, EM, NB type (79.2%). The minimum inhibitory concentration of Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. and Shigella sp. isolated from patients with diarrhea were tabulated.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.643-647
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• 2010

This research was carried out to investigate residues of neomycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, amitraz, 2,4-dimethylaniline (one of amitraz's metabolites), and coumaphos in honey in order to intensively control their use following the establishment of Korean maximum residue limits (MRLs) for veterinary drugs in honey in 2007. To monitor for residues, 110 honeys and food products with honey were collected and analyzed. The collected honeys included acasia, mixed flower, chestnut, rape flower, jujube, and native types. Neomycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, oxytetracycline, and amitraz were not detected among samples. Coumaphos was found in the Korean acasia honey at 0.02 mg/kg, but its concentration was under the MRL (0.1 mg/kg) for coumaphos. According to the results, there were no violations of the Korean MRLs of veterinary drugs in honey.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2009

At the present study, it was aimed to explore the states of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. isolates from 3,850 pigs (2,732 ileocecocolic lymphnodes and 1,118 cecal contents) and 1,764 cattle (965 cecal lymphnodes and 799 cecal contents) slaughtered in Busan province from December 2000 to November 2001. Among 5,614 samples, 457 of Salmonella spp. were isolated from pig lymphnodes (13.5%), pig cecal contents (4.4%), cattle lymphnodes (3.5%) and cattle cecal contents (0.5%). Salmonella spp. were showed different isolation ratio, that was 10.8% in summer, 9.0% in autumn, 8.4% in spring and 5.0% in winter. As a result of serotyping, B group (65.4%) were identified as the most common in pigs and cattle, in order of $C_1$ (14.0%), $D_1$ (5.5%), $C_2$ (4.2%), $E_1$ (4.2%) and L (3.5%). 34 serotypes were found, among them, Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) (21.0%) was the most common serotype from pigs and cattle. The major serotypes were in order of S. Derby (15.3%), S. Schwarzengrund (14.7%), S. Typhimurium var Copenhagen (9.2%), S. Mbandaka (5.7%), S. Enteritidis (5.5%) and S. Ruiru (3.5%). The most common serotype was S. Typhimurium in pigs, and S. Ruiru in cattle. S. Ruiru was firstly isolated from pigs and cattle in Korea. In antimicrobial susceptibility test, all the isolates were demonstrated susceptibility to norfloxacin and ofloxacin. But the isolates were showed resistance other antibiotics in order of doxycycline (68.3%), tetracycline (67.8%), penicillin (54.5%) and streptomycin (52.5%). S. Typhimurium were exhibited resistance to ampicillin (34.8%), chloramphenicol (36.2%), streptomycin (94.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (34.8%) and tetracycline (97.8%). There were 53 strains (38.4%) which had multi drug resistant (MDR) isolates, resistant to more than 6 antimicrobial agents. The most common resistance patterns of MDR isolates were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, carbenicillin, doxycycline, nalidixic acid, penicillin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline (ACCbDNaPSSuT).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.10 no.2_3
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• pp.8-11
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• 1966

항인결핵균성및 streptomycin, isoniazid및 para-aminosalicylic acid에 대한 내성인결핵균주에 현저한 항균작용 있는 dextro-2,2'-(ethylenediimino)-di-1- butanol(Ethambutol) 계열 및 thioureido(-NHCSNH-) 함유화 합물 계열인 2,2'-(ethylenediimino)-di-1-butyric acid및 2,2'-(thioureido)-di-1-butyric acid를 합성했으며 이들 약물의 구조와 작용간의 상호관계를 설명코저 이들 화합물과 류사한 구조인 2,2'-(thioureido)-di-acetic acid를 합성했기에 보고함.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2002

As an effort to direct differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hES, MB03) to dopamine-producing neuronal cells, we expressed Nurr-l in hES and examined the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) after bFGF induction. To introduce Nurr-l, hES cells were maintained in humidified chamber with 5% CO₂ and 95% air in DMEM/Fl2 supplemented with FBS (10%), penicillin (100U/㎖), and streptomycin (100㎍/㎖). (omitted)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 1990

Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined for 14 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated at a hospital in Pusan during summer in 1989. Resistance to chloramphenicol or clindamycin was recorded in 100% of strains. Resistance to the other compounds tested was as follows: tetracycline 86%, gentamicin 79%, tobramycin 71%, kanamycin 71%, erythromycin 57%, ampicillin 57%, methicillin 50%, streptomycin 29%, cephalothin 29%, and trimethoprim 21%. All strains were sensitive to vancomycin and rifampicin. All strains showed multiple resistance to more than 3 antibiotics.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 1977

Among the Streptomyces isolated from soil, two strains which have antibacterial activity aginst various pathogenic bacteria are identified as Streptomyces globosus and Streptomyces albus subsp. according to I.S.P. methods and Bergy's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Morphological and physiological characteristics of them on several media were observed. Antibiotics from S. albus subsp. or S. globosus was identified asw tetracycline or streptomycin-like substances respectively by the paper chromatographic behavior in eight solvent systems of V. Betina. And it was revealed that these antibiotic substances are stable to temperature and weak acid.