• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2009

Objective: Much has been known that the systematical theory of acupuncture was developed from stone needle as therapeutic tools for orthopedic diseases in ancient times. Stone needle is very old therapeutic method like moxibustion and has been recognized that it was developed since the Stone Age in China so far. In the present study, it was examined for the origination and formation of stone needle based on stone relics of the Stone Age in Korean Peninsular, the medical and geographical literatures. Materials and methods: The facts of stone needle was examined and arranged on the ancient medical or geographical literatures such as The Yellow Emperor's Canon Internal Medicine, Shanhaijing as an ancient geographical book, etc. The clan societies and family related to an origination of stone needle was chased together with their cultural characteristics and origination. The stone relics which have been digged out of historic sites in the North-East Asia were examined for a relevance to stone needle. Results: In The Yellow Emperor's Canon Internal Medicine, it was referred to the stone needle that originated from a fishery zone related to the east coast district in North-East Asia. Through the examination of Shan Hai Jing as an ancient geographical book and its historical reviews, a Go-yi clan society who keep Go's family tree dealt well with the stone needle and jewels including jade in the North-East Asia before the publication periods of The Yellow Emperor's Canon Internal Medicine, and is comprised in the culture of Dong-yi clan society but not the Chinese culture. The obsidian stones, which have been digged out of historical sites in the North-East Asia since the Stone Age, are originated from volcanic areas combined with seashore that seems to be Baekdu mountain district in Korea and Kyushu district in Japan. Furthermore, obsidian stone tools which were found out at Laodung peninsula and the Korean peninsula are archeologically similar to the stone needle with regards to the shape, size and dual-use. In addition, specific obsidian stone tools have been used in orthopedic surgery as well-crafted obsidian blades have a cutting edge up to five times sharper than high-quality steel surgical scalpels. Conclusion: The origin of obsidian stone needle is well corresponded to the explanation about that of the stone needle. It is suggested that the stone needle which influenced in completion of acupuncture and Meridian theory in China seems to be an obsidian stone, and distribution of obsidian stone needle has been closely connected to Dong-yi clan society which are lived in the North-East Asia including Baekdu-mountain district.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 서산 신송리유적에서 출토된 청동기시대 석기를 대상으로 재질분석과 석재의 원산지를 검토하였다. 연구대상 석기는 점판암제 석재 1점, 석촉 반제품 2점, 갈판 1점 및 안산암질암 석촉 반제품 1점이다. 점판암은 유적지 일대에서 쉽게 관찰할 수 있는 암석이나, 안산암질암은 10km 이상 떨어진 부석면 간월도와 안면읍 황도리 등에서 산출된다. 석기 구성암석과 추정산지 암석에 대한 비교분석 결과, 점판암제 석기는 재질 및 암석광물학적 특징이 거의 동일하였으나, 안산암질암 석기는 추정산지 암석과 일부 다른 특징이 나타났다. 주원소, 미량원소, 호정 및 불호정원소에 대한 비교에서도 점판암제 석기와 추정산지 암석은 동일한 경향을 보였으나, 안산암질암 석기와 추정산지 암석은 다소 차이가 있다. 따라서 신송리유적에서 출토된 점판암제 석기는 유적 주변에 분포하는 암석을 원료로 제작한 자급형 석기로 해석된다. 그러나 안산암질암 석기는 외래형 석기로 추정되며, 광역적 조사를 비롯한 주변 유적에서 출토된 화산암제석기에 대한 연구를 병행하여 종합적 해석이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.41-50
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to investigate changes of the kitchen lifespace in Korean family houses from the Old Stone Age to the Koryo Dynasty. The documentary research method was used for this study. The major findings were as follows the changes of kitchen lifespace in Korean family houses form the Old Stone Age to the Koryo Dynasty have been affected by natural, political, economic, technological, and socio-cultural environments. The Kitchen lifespace of these periods was categorized into six categories: the Beginings Period of the Kitchen, the Period of the Primitive Kitchen, the Formative Period of the Kitchen, the Enlargement Period of the Kitchen, the Separation Period of the Kitchen, and the Begining Period of the Traditional Kitchen.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.17.1-17.8
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• 2024

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and uric acid levels on pulp stone formation. Materials and Methods: Patients who were admitted to the Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology for dental complaints were registered. Among these patients, individuals who had routine biochemical tests at the same period in the Outpatient Clinics of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. The patients with at least 1 pulp stone on panoramic radiographs recorded as the "pulp stone group" while patients without any pulp stones were the "control group". Demographic data and serum levels of calcium, PTH, vitamin D, and uric acid were retrospectively evaluated in both groups. Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences between the groups. Results: Among 151 patients, dental pulp stone was detected in 53.6% of patients, and 82.7% of these patients were female. Female sex and pulp stone formation were significantly associated (p = 0.001). The mean age of the pulp stone group was 43.9, while it was 39.9 in the control group, without any significant correlation between age and pulp stone (p > 0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences in serum levels of PTH, vitamin D, uric acid and calcium between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: According to the present study, the effect of dental factors rather than systemic factors should be considered primarily in pulp stone formation.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.216-233
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• 2020

경주 지역 청동기시대 무덤 문화를 검토하고 지석묘의 종말기 양상을 살펴보았다. 청동기시대 무덤 유적 18곳, 초기 철기시대 이른 시기 즉 종말기의 무덤 유적 9곳을 분석하였다. 경주는 검단리 문화 분포권에 포함된다. 현재까지 경주 지역에서 청동기시대 무덤은 약 120기 조사되었다. 주거지의 수에 비해 무덤의 수가 부족한 편인데, 검단리 문화권의 일반적인 특징이다. 무덤의 수는 부족해도 매장주제부의 구조는 다양하다. 경주 지역 청동기시대 무덤의 특징은 토광묘와 묘역식지석묘·적석제단이 다른 지역에 비·해 많이 축조된다는 점이다. 토광묘는 동산리유적 부장품인 방추차를 통해서 볼 때 북한 동북 지역의 영향을 받았을 가능성이 높다. 묘역식지석묘와 적석제단은 송국리 문화권에 주로 분포하는데, 특이하게도 검단리 문화권인 경주 지역에서 많이 확인된다. 초기철기시대가 되어도 청동기시대의 영향이 이어진 묘역식지석묘와 적석제단이 계속 축조된다. 새롭게 이주한 점토대토기 문화인들은 목관묘를 축조하였다. 초기철기시대가 되면 새로운 고소의례가 등장하는데 국읍(國邑)에서 주재하는 천신제사(天神祭祀)의 장소일 가능성이 있다. 화천리 산251-1유적과 죽동리유적은 고소의례의 양상을 잘 보여주는 유적이다. 이러한 고소의례에도 묘역식 지석묘와 동일한 형태의 적석제단이 축조되고 지석묘의 상석과 유사한 바윗돌이 이용되었다. 초기철기시대에도 청동기 시대 전통을 유지한 묘역식지석묘와 적석제단이 계속 축조, 이용되는 것은 새로운 시대가 되었어도 지석묘가 가진 권위가 계속 유지되었기 때문이다. 청동기시대로 알려진 묘역식지석묘나 적석제단 일부에서는 초기철기시대까지 의례 행위가 지속되었을 것이다. 기원전 2세기 후반이 되면 목관묘가 군집하기 시작한다. 철기 문화가 확산하고, 중국 중원의 유물이 유입되는 등 경주 지역을 비롯한 남부 지역이 동아시아 네트워크에 포함되는 시점이다. 이때 지석묘 문화는 역사 속으로 사라지고 새로운 시대가 시작되는 것이다.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.182-194
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• 1985

Cholelithiasis, one of the digestive, disease is one of the subject to have to be solved in the medical field because it is very important health problem in clinic and gives people much pain. The formulative process of gall stone is not certainly known yet, but an approach to the size, location, bile sludge of gall ston and the existence of pus is very contributive to the cure and prediction of the disease. As above, the early diagnosis of gall stone is very important. A few study on the possessing rate of gall stone in normal Korean Group is reported. But no report has submitted to the Korean Life Insurance Medical Association until now. We, the Medical Dept. of Dae Han Kyouk Life Insurance Co. Ltd., practiced ultrasonic examination for the recent 17 months and obtained 84 data of gall stone potency out of 4201 examples. We analyzed them on the basis of sex, age, gall stone incidence rate and the results are as follows; 1) The possessing rate of gall stone in female showed 1.22 times higher than in in male. 2) The older the medical examined group grow, the more the frequency of gall stone incidence increase regardless of sex. 3) Our report coincides with foreign one in sex and age, but in total gall stone incident frequency our country has 2%, which is much less than foreign one.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2019

This study analyzes the material characteristics of stone tools of the Paleolithic period excavated from the Osong site, located at the project site for the creation of the Osong 2nd Life Science Complex, and estimates the provenance of the stone materials. Because the stones had been buried for a long time, their surfaces had become heavily weathered yellow or yellowish-brown, and the magnetic susceptibility values varied from 0 to 15(${\times}10^{-3}SI$). The excavated stone tools were rocks with various magnetic susceptibility values that could not be specified. Five stone tools subjected to destructive analysis were divided into two groups, one with a value of 1-3(${\times}10^{-3}SI$) and the other with a value of 5-9(${\times}10^{-3}SI$), both based on visible characteristics. The results of the thin-section analysis showed that most of the stone tools were basaltic rocks comprising plagioclase, quartz, and pyroxene, and some had iron content as high as 20 wt.%. These findings and the present geological map suggest that the stone tools were not made from the surrounding rocks because there are no areas containing basaltic rocks surrounding Bongsan-ri in Osong-eup. Andesite and tuff are distributed along with basaltic rocks in the Doan-myeon area in Jeongpyeong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do Province, but the distance from the excavation site is too far. To determine whether this region is actually related to the provenance of the raw rock, it is necessary to conduct additional field surveys and comprehensive and precise analyses.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권7호
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• pp.11-23
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• 1986

Korea has a long history from several thousand years ago. Specially stonecultural properties were used for the long period in Korea. Ancient tombs of prehistoric age, Sukgul-am (stone cave), Chumsung-dae (astronomical observatory)and stone statue of Buddha in the period of three dynasties were made of stone. There after the foundation stone, mortarstone, millstone, and other stone facilities at home have been also used for a long time. For the conservation of the cultural properties, the ecological distribution of lichens was investigated with the stone buildings around tombs and multistory stonepagodas.1. Yoo-nung (The tomb of Emperor Sungjong) : The stone buildings of granitearound tomb about 80 years old are clean and solid in quality, but they were covered in places with three kinds of lichens as the circle forms of pale-green and dark-gray colored thallus in crustose type. They were examined ecological distribution, identification and measurement of lobe size of lichens.2. Yoong-nung (The tomb of son of Emperor Yung-jong) : Granite buildings around tomb about 200 years old are also clean, moreover, they were also covered with the same kinds of crustose lichens in overlap.3. Yung-nung (The tomb of Emperor Sejong) : More than seven species of crustose, foliose and one species of fruticose lichens were growing on thegranite stone buildings built in about 500 years ago.4. Shilluk-sa multistory brick pagoda : It was built at the Koryo dynasty more than about 700 years. More than 5 species of crustose folios and two species of fruticose lichens were growing well on the granite stone at shade area. It was assumed that foliose lichens as dominant species with the respect of ecological aspect.5. Shilluk-sa multistory marble pagoda : This marble pagoda was built at the middle period of the Koryo dynasty as the same age of multistory brick pagoda. It was covered with black colored thallus such as crustose lichens. It is seemed that only crustose lichens on the stone were due to the drymarble stone. From the results described above, distribution of lichens showed that only crustose lichens on the stone from the short history (about 100-200 years) were grown with small size of circle form, stone buildings over 500 years were covered with crustose, folios and fruticose lichens, and the lichens distribution on the stonemore than 500 years appeared more foliose and fruticose than crustose type. Therefore, it is suggested that the succession of lichens on the stone buildings iscrustose$\rightarrow$foliose$\rightarrow$fruticose.Parmelia mexicana, Cladonia floerkeana, Ramalina yasudae identified are described in this paper and other unidentified species of saxicolous lichens will bedescribed later.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.445-450
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• 1972

The author collected 93 male stone model and 93 female stone model of upper and lower jaw of the koreans as samples and studied the degree of attrition with age increase. Determining the degree of attrition, each normal cusp were given 40 points and calibrated into percentage. The percentage score were examined and analized, and came to the following conclusions. 1) Increased age were found graudually higher the degree of attrition at 10 to 20 age,. The degree of attrition presented localized disappearance of marginal-ridges and marginal grooves. At 30 up to 40 age, about 40 to 50% of the degree of attrition were found gradually on cusp ridges and grooves At 50 to 60 age, it was found about 70 to 80% of attrition. 2) Male score was slightly higher than female. 3) There was no significant difference between male and female score.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-8
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• 1981

The author had sellected stone models of upper premolar teeth from 20 age to 60 ages in male, and studied the attrition pattern of upper premolar teeth having attention to teeth cups on the stone model. All of the attrition patterns were divided (into) 14 forms. The results were as follows : 1. Attrition patterns of upper premolar teeth were divided into 14 forms. 2. Being compared with age group, early attrition pattern (M) showed decreasing tendency and late attrition pattern (A) showed incresing tendency by aging.