• 패션비즈니스
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine the type of stitch and designs of knitwears using handcraft ornament techniques. This paper will also go on to develop and merchandize high value generated by design development. Knit is largely divided into weft knit stitch and warp knit stitch which are respectively woven by weft knitting machine and warp knitting machine. For clothing, circular knit and flat knit are frequently used while plain stitch, rib stitch and purl stitch are perceived as the basic stitches. Denbigh stitch, cord stitch, atlas stitch, which belong to tricot stitch, are the basic of warp knit stitch. There are also numerous fancy fabrics adapting the previously mentioned stitches and these are made into solid pattern and yarn dyed pattern. The handcraft ornament techniques in knitwears design are embroidery, beads, sequin, stone, printing, applique and fringe, etc. By applying these techniques thus creative expression, which cannot be expressed in other fashion items, is feasible. The women's knitwears are tries by mixed and various techniques, develope to high value knitwears, escaping from simple and practical items.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2010

The purposes of the research were to find out the clothing construction factors of the mechanical industry working clothes by analyzing the working clothes supplied to 5 subject companies; and to suggest the optimized sewing conditions and the seam strength and elongation experimental data according to the clothing material and seam types implied to the working clothes collected. The fabric types and trimmings used for the mechanical manufacturing working clothes were Polyester/Cotton(65/35%), Polyester/Rayon(65/35%), Cotton(100%); and linings, interlining, various fastenings etc. 2 stitch types, i.e. lock and two-thread chain stitches were applied to the construction of the flat, lap felled, French, superimposed, lapped and bound seams for the seam strength and elongation experiment. The results derived from the experiment were as follows. (1) The seam strength results according to the seam types were high in the order of lap felled>lapped>flat, superimposed and French seams. (2) Considering the features of the seam construction, as the number of fabric layers at the seam line increased the seam strength also increased. (3) Apart from the highest seam strength from the experiment using the net lining with the main fabric, the seam construction consisting of two fabric layers with the interlining showed relatively high seam strength results. (4) The seam elongations according to the stitch types were high in the order of two-thread chain>lock stitches.

• 복식
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze and minimize structural error between sample knitting and actual knitting in weft knitting apparel. Basic stitches used in this study were plain stitch, $0{\times}0$ rib stitch, $1{\times}1$ rib stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, Milan rib stitch. They were knitted into two different gauges(7 and 12 gauge) and 6 different sample sizes by computer program. The weight, length and width of these 5 basic knitting stitches were measured and their changes according to gauge, stitch and knitting were calculated and analyzed. The results were as follows; The weight of $0{\times}0$ rib stitch was the largest, followed by Milan rib stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, plain stitch and $1{\times}1$ rib stitch. As the density of stitch per unit area increases, the weight increases. The length of $0{\times}0$ rib stitch was the largest, followed by plain stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, $1{\times}1$ rib stitch and Milan stitch in both 7 and 12 gauge. As the number of course increases, the length increases accordingly. However, its increase ratio shows higher than that of number of course. It means that the reduction in number of course is needed to get aimed length. The width of Milan rib stitch was the largest, followed by $0{\times}0$ rib stitch, plain stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, $1{\times}1$ rib stitch in 7 gauge. In 12 gauge, Milan stitch, plain stitch and $0{\times}0$ rib stitch were the highest, followed by $2{\times}2$ rib stitch and $1{\times}1$ rib stitch. It showed that the change in shape of stitch influenced on the width more than the length of stitch.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.467-472
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• 2020

Background Dimples on the cheeks can make the smile look more cheerful and attractive. Therefore, some people who do not have dimples may choose to undergo dimple creation surgery. Although dimple surgery is quite common, those desiring this procedure often lack information about it. Therefore, we conducted the present study to share our surgical tips and clinical experiences regarding safe dimple creation surgery. Methods This study included 2,048 patients who underwent dimple creation surgery at our plastic surgery clinic between April 2010 and June 2014. These patients were selected from those who displayed no scarring from injury or tumor removal in the central face during the presurgical evaluation. Medical records were used to identify the age and sex of each patient, the location of dimple creation, any postoperative complications, reoperation, and the reason for reoperation. Results Of the 2,048 patients, 159 (7.7%) underwent reoperation. The reason for reoperation was undercorrection in 78 cases (49.0%), disappearance of the dimple in 62 cases (38.9%), and overcorrection in nine cases (5.6%). Five patients (3.1%) had their stitches removed to eliminate the created dimple because they changed their minds, and five patients (3.1%) had their stitches removed because of infection. No patients reported complications after reoperation, and no other complications, such as hyperpigmentation or foreign body reaction, were observed. Conclusions Safe surgery with minimal complications and satisfying cosmetic results can be achieved via accurate knowledge of the relevant anatomy and its relationship with dimples, as well as appropriate surgical methodology.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.79-98
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze and document special design elements of the knit material, such as yarn, stitch, and gauge used in various types of knit in a collection of men's fashion, and to provide basic data for database design. The analysis covers 37 brand collections of men's clothing, used to collect a total of 1,954 men's knitwear photographs, and others were collected from 12 collections from F/W to 2017 S/S collection through www.vogue.com. The results of the analysis of the knit design elements of the contemporary men's collection since 2011 are as follows. First, there were 1,513 straight yarn (77%) and 440 decorative yarn (23%) types of yarn. There were many different kinds of decorative yarn, such as two tone and melange effect in three colors, and the emergence of hairy yarn, like mohair and angora shannell, which was much common in low gauge's knitwear designs. Second, the frequency was high with low and middle gauges. thin and light high-gauges were often found in S/S collections, but there were also thick types of yarn in low-gauge knitwear. Third, 794 (40.6%) items used basic stitches such as plain stitch, which was the most utilized. The plain stitch, which is the most basic of the knit stitches, appears to be in high demand for its use, along with the use of various decorators. The development of printing and dyeing technologies has led to many designs that utilize the printer for the plain stitch. 326 (16.7 %), of colored jacard stitch, and of 175 (0.9 %) of intasia stitch.

• 복식
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

This study aims at the improvement of sewing function through understandings of dynamic property about the sewing methods and the thread material selection in knitwear. The tensile strength and shear of KES-FB and the Instron were measured for the analysis of the mechanical properties. The knit cloth was structured In the plain stitch, $1\times1$ rib stitch and $2\times1$ rib stitch with the combination of wool and cotton. With regard to the sewing method, intralooping and interlacing were applied. For thread materials, polyester, cotton, wool and silk were used. Since silk has the lowest extension and similar values regardless of its construction in intralooping, it is available knit apparel with uniform elastic recoverv. It also has small shearing resistance. It can be used in apparel which needs big mobility, but it causes rutting problem. Therefore, it is suitable to use intralooping. When the same sewing yarn and textile are use, it can lower shearing resistance and extension in intralooping, Since wool needs a lot of extension energy and it can be cut, intralooping is more suitable than interlacing in sewing of wool. In interlacing using polyester, extension and shearing resistance are high. Therefore, it is suitable for knit sewing with high massing. Silk is not suitable for interlacing since it can be rut. Even though knit materials are different, the RT values of polyester and cotton are similar in same construction. Therefore, they can be substituted each other considering resilience after sewing.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to seek improvement in clothing education through an application of creative crochet activities for children. A total of 111 students of 4th grade classes from elementary school participated in this program during 16 classes of creative activities from April to May 2013. The content of the creative crochet activities was organized into orientation (making rings etc.), making work I (counting stitches, rows, etc.), making work II (set up a pillar by chains etc.), and completing and sharing the work (making a string by chain and single crochet stitches etc.). Before and after the classes, children's creative personality and their attitudes toward clothing were investigated. The study also analyzed the mean, standard deviation, and paired-sample t-test for comparison between the pre- and post-test results. According to the results, first, the creative crochet activities were analyzed to be helpful and useful in developing a child's creative personality, which includes elements such as sensitivity and curiosity. Further, these activities were more effective in the case of girls than in the case of boys with respect to fostering a creative personality. Second, the creative crochet activities were analyzed as being helpful and useful in developing attitudes toward clothing, which include elements such as clothing satisfaction, clothing management, and clothing independence. Further, these activities were more effective in the case of boys than in the case of girls with respect to fostering attitudes toward clothing. Third, clothing education is an appropriate topic for creative activities of Korean elementary schools.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility that a dynamic facial composite flap with sensory and motor nerves could be made available from donor facial composite tissue. Methods: The faces of 3 human cadavers were dissected. The authors studied the donor faces to assess which facial composite model would be most practicable. A "panorama facial flap" was excised from each facial skeleton with circumferential incision of the oral mucosa, lower conjunctiva and endonasal mucosa. In addition, the authors measured the available length of the arterial and venous pedicles, and the sensory nerves. In the recipient, the authors evaluated the time required to anastomose the vessels and nerve coaptations, anchor stitches for donor flaps, and skin stitches for closure. Results: In the panorama facial flap, the available anastomosing vessels were the facial artery and vein. The sensory nerves that required anastomoses were the infraorbital nerve and inferior alveolar nerve. The motor nerve requiring anstomoses was the facial nerve. The vascular pedicle of the panorama facial flap is the facial artery and vein. The longest length was 78 mm and 48 mm respectively. Sensation of the donor facial composite is supplied by the infraorbital nerve and inferior alveolar nerve. Motion of the facial composite is supplied by the facial nerve. Some branches of the facial nerve can be anastomosed, if necessary. Conclusion: The most practical facial composite flap would be a mid and lower face flap, and we proposed a panorama facial flap that is designed to incorporate the mid and lower facial skin with and the unique tissue of the lip. The panorama facial composite flap could be considered as one of the practicable basic models for facial allotransplantation.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.250-259
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• 2010

목적: 광범위 이상의 회전근 개 전층 파열에 대해서 UU 봉합법을 이용한 관절경 하의 이중 봉합술의 임상 결과와 수술의 유효성을 알아보는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 대상 및 방법: 2007년 1월부터 2009년 7월까지 광범위 회전근 개 전층 파열로 대결절의 중간부위까지 봉합이 가능하여 관절경하 봉합술을 시행한 36예의 환자중에서 1년 이상의 추시가 가능하였던 31예에 대하여 UU 봉합법을 이용하여 이열 봉합술 (Double Row Repair)을 시행하였던 11예를 1군으로, 단순 봉합법으로 일열 봉합술을 시행하였던 20예를 2군으로 하여 비교하였으며, 술전과 6개월, 1년, 최종 추시 때의 VAS of pain, ADL (Activity of Daily Living), UCLA 점수를 측정하였다. 통계적인 검정은 student t-test와 paired t-test로 비교하였다. 평균 연령은 59 (48~70)세였고 평균 추시기간은 28 (12~43)개월이었다. 결과: 동통에 대한 VAS 점수에서 1군의 경우 술 전 평균 7.5에서 술 후 최종 추시에서 1.5로 감소하였고 (p<0.05), 2군의 경우 술 전 평균 7.6에서 술 후 최종 추시에서 1.8로 감소하였다 (p<0.05). 두 군 간의 임상적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었다 (p>0.05). 평균 ADL은 1군의 경우 술 전 평균 11.5에서 술 후 최종 추시에서 평균 25.1으로 증가하였고 (p<0.05), 2군의 경우 평균 11.3에서 27.5으로 증가하였으며 (p<0.05), 두 군 간에 임상적으로 의미있는 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). UCLA 점수는 1군의 경우 술 전 평균 13.9에서 술 후 최종 추시에서는 31.6으로 증가하였으며 (p<0.05), 2군의 경우 술 전 평균 13.8에서 술 후 최종 추시에서는 30.1으로 증가하였으며 (p<0.05), 두 군 간에 임상적으로 의미있는 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). 술 후 3개월에서 6개월 사이에 촬영한 MRI를 이용한 재파열의 비교에서 1군에서 9예 중 3예가, 2군에서 15예 중 8예에서 재파열이 있어서 두 군간에 임상적으로 의미있는 차이가 있었다 (p>0.05). 결론: 광범위 회전근 개 전층 파열에서 UU 봉합법을 이용한 관절경하 이열 봉합술은 일열 봉합술과 비교하여 임상적으로 차이가 없으나 재파열에서 차이가 있었다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.230-250
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• 2013

동아대학교박물관에 소장된 <초충도수병(草蟲圖繡屛)>(이하 <수병>)은 보물 제595호로 지정되어 있으며 초충도 회화작품보다 더 정교하고 섬세한 사실적 표현과 다채한 입체적 구성으로 미술사 분야에서 그 가치가 높이 평가되어 왔다. 그러나 <수병>이 자수 작품임에도 불구하고 현재까지 섬유공예적 측면에서의 분석과 연구는 이루어지지 않았다. 본고에서는 <수병>의 바탕직물, 자수색사, 자수기법 등을 과학적 기기를 사용하여 조사 분석함으로써 <수병>의 문양소재와 섬유공예적 특징 및 <수병>이 섬유공예사에서 갖는 가치를 규명하였다. 연구 결과, <수병>은 8폭 병풍으로 이루어져 있으며 소재와 구도는 일반적인 초충도 회화작품과 유사하다. 각 폭의 주제문양은 제1폭에서부터 순서대로 오이, 맨드라미, 원추리, 여주, 패랭이, 수박, 가지, 들국화로 이루어져 있다. <수병>의 문양 중 여주는 현전하는 초충도 회화작품에서는 볼 수 없는 특별한 소재이다. 제8폭은 곤충, 파충류 등의 문양이 없이 들국화만 단독으로 시문하여 초충도의 전형적인 형식과 차별이 있다. <수병>의 직물은 지금까지 장식용 자수에서는 볼 수 없었던 검은색을 사용하여 다채한 색사를 강조하여 극대로 표현하고자 했음을 알 수 있다. 바탕직물은 5매 공단[무문단(無紋緞)]을 사용하였다. 자수사는 극히 미약하게 꼬임을 준 반푼사를 사용하였으며 꼬임의 방향은 우연이다. 한 가지 색의 단사를 사용하기도 하고 때로는 두 가지 색을 병사로 사용하거나 합연사한 혼합색을 사용하여 입체적으로 표현하였다. 색상은 열화되고 퇴색이 심하여 원래의 색은 알 수 없지만 가장 많이 사용된 색은 황색계열에서 녹색계열의 색이며 청색, 갈색, 자색 등이 비교적 잘 남아있다. 원추리, 패랭이, 딸기 등의 색은 현재 적황색으로 남아 있는데 초충도와 비교해 볼 때 원래는 주황색 또는 홍색이었을 것으로 추정된다. 자수의 기법은 대부분 표면평수를 사용하여 면을 채우고 있다. 이를 통해 색사의 낭비를 줄이고자 했던 옛 여인들의 알뜰한 지혜가 엿보인다. 평수는 면을 장식하는 비교적 간단한 자수법이지만 색사를 다양화하고 면을 분할하여, 수직, 수평, 사선평수를 배합하고 때로는 자릿수와 같이 서로 맞물리게 자수하여 다양한 질감과 양감을 표현하였다. 곤충의 몸통은 가장자리수와 이음수, 평수를 혼합하여 입체적으로 표현하고 있으며, 특히 가장자리수의 활용이 주목된다. 그 외 이음수로 잎맥 등을 입체감 있게 나타내고, 제7폭의 쇠뜨기는 표면솔잎수를 층층이 자수하여 사실적으로 표현하였다. 패랭이, 딸기, 오이 등에는 평수 위에 장식수를 더하여 세세한 묘사를 더했다. <수병>은 회화사, 문화사적으로도 가치가 크지만 한국 자수공예사에 있어서도 우수한 한국적 자수기법과 색채를 사용하여 신사임당 초충도의 모습을 가장 잘 표현하고 있는 점에서 큰 중요성을 지닌다고 할 수 있다.