• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2019

This paper aims to investigate vibration frequency decrease (vibration period elongation) of reinforced concrete (RC) structure with unreinforced infill wall and reinforced infill wall exposed to progressively increased artificial earthquake load on shaking table. For this purpose, two shaking table experiments were selected as a case study. Shaking table experiments were carried on 1:1 scaled prototype one bay one storey RC structure with infill walls. The purpose of this shaking table experiment sequence is to assess local behavior and progressive collapse mechanism. Frequency decrease and eigen-vector evolution are directly related to in-plane and out-of-plane bearing capacities of infill wall enclosure with reinforced concrete frame. Firstly, frequency decrease-damage relationship was evaluated on the base of experiment results. Then, frequency decrease and stiffness degradation were evaluated with applied Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) by considering strength deterioration. Lastly, eigenvector evolution-local damage and eigenvector evolution-frequency decrease relationship was investigated. Five modes were considered while evaluating damage and frequency decrease of the tested specimens. The relationship between frequency decrease, stiffness degradation and damage level were presented while comparing with Unreinforced Brick Infill (URB) and Reinforced Infill wall with Bed Joint Reinforcement (BJR) on the base of natural vibration frequency.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.559-571
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• 2020

This study aimed to inspect the axial compression mechanical performance of basalt-fiber-reinforced recycled - concrete (BFRRC)-filled square steel tubular stub column. The replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and the basalt fiber (BF) dosage were used as variation parameters, and the axial compression performance tests of 15 BFRRC-filled square steel tubular stub column specimens were conducted. The failure mode and the load-displacement/strain curve of the specimen were measured. The working process of the BFRRC-filled square steel tubular stub column was divided into three stages, namely, elastic-elastoplasticity, sudden drawdown, and plasticity. The influence of the design parameters on the peak bearing capacity, energy dissipation performance, and other axial compression performance indexes was discussed. A mathematical model of segmental stiffness degradation was proposed on the basis of the degradation law of combined secant-stiffness under axial compression. The full-process curve equation of axial compressive stress-strain was proposed by introducing the influencing factors, including the RCA replacement ratio and the BF dosage, and the calculated curve agreed well with the test-measured curve.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2022

To develop high-efficiency lateral force resistance components for high-rise buildings, a novel energy dissipation shear wall with concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column elements was proposed. An energy dissipation shear wall specimen with CFST column elements (GZSW) and an ordinary reinforced concrete shear wall (SW) were constructed, and experimented by low-cycle reversed loading. The mechanical characteristics of these two specimens, including the bearing capacity, ductility, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation process, were analyzed. The finite-element model of the GZSW was established by ABAQUS. Based on this finite-element model, the effect of the placement of steel-plate energy dissipation connectors on the seismic performance of the shear wall was analyzed, and optimization was performed. The experiment results prove that, the GZSW exhibited a superior seismic performance in terms of bearing capacity, ductility, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation, in comparison with the SW. The results calculated by the ABAQUS finite-elements model of GZSW corresponded well with the results of experiment, and it proved the rationality of the established finite-elements model. In addition, the optimal placement of the steel-plate energy dissipation connectors was obtained by ABAQUS.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.477-487
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• 2021

This study focuses on the influence of strong ground motion duration on the response and collapse probability of reinforced concrete walls with a predominant response in flexure. Walls with different height and mass were used to account for a broad spectrum of configurations and fundamental periods. The walls were designed following the specifications of the Chilean design code. Non-linear models of the reinforced concrete walls using a distributed plasticity approach were performed in OpenSees and calibrated with experimental data. Special attention was put on modeling strength and stiffness degradation. The effect of duration was isolated using spectrally equivalent ground motions of long and short duration. In order to assess the behavior of the RC shear walls, incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) were performed, and fragility curves were obtained using cumulative and non-cumulative engineering demand parameters. The spectral acceleration at the fundamental period of the wall was used as the intensity measure (IM) for the IDAs. The results show that the long duration ground motion set decreases the average collapse capacity in walls of medium and long periods compared to the results using the short duration set. Also, it was found that a lower median intensity is required to achieve moderate damage states in the same medium and long period wall models. Finally, strength and stiffness degradation are important modelling parameters and if they are not included, the damage in reinforced concrete walls may be greatly underestimated.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2002

성능에 기초한 설계법에서는 비선형 응답산정이 필수적이며, 이를 위한 방법으로는 비선형시각이력해석법, 비선형 정적해석법, 비선형 효과를 고려한 등가선형해석법 등이 있다. 일부 규준에서는 pushover곡선으로부터 작성한 성능스펙트럼과 선형 응답스펙트럼으로부터 작성한 요구스펙트럼으로 이루어진 능력스펙트럼법을 제안하고 있다. 이 방법은 개념적으로는 간단하나 반복과정이 요구되며, 부정확한 결과를 산출하는 경우가 많다. 이에 따라 시행착오적인 등가선형 스펙트럼대신 비선형스펙트럼을 사용하는 방법들에 대한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 비선형 요구스펙트럼은 표준적 선형 설계스펙트럼으로부터 결정될 수 있으며, 이 방법은 등가선형의 경우보다는 계산과정이 대폭 줄어들기는 하나 아직도 다소의 연산과정이 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다자유도계의 구조물에 대한 pushover곡선으로부터 구조물의 진동주기와 항복강도를 구한 다음, 일련의 계산과정을 거치지 않고도, 직접적으로 비선형 최대응답을 구할 수 있는 비선형 직접스펙트럼법(NDSM)을 제시하극 집중질량계의 MDF(다자유도계) 모델에 대해 다양한 지진기록과 제하강성저하지수를 변수로 하여 NDSM의 적용성과 신뢰성을 평가하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 1) 다자유도계 구조물에 대한 비선형 직접스펙트럼법에 의한 최대변위 응답은 비선형 시각이력해석법에 의한 응답과 거의 일치하므로 실용적인 방법으로 사료된다. 2) 비선형 직접스펙트럼법과 비선형 시각이력해석에 의해 산정된 죄상층 변위 결과를 비교하면, 항복후강성계수가 0.1, MAD(modal adaptive distribution)에 의한 수평정적하중분폰 그리고 제하강성저하지수가 0.2~O.3일 때 평균오차가 가장 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.340-350
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• 2007

The major objective of this study is to investigate the fatigue effects of rail pad on High Speed Railway with concrete slab track system. It analyzed the mechanical behaviors of HSR concrete slab track with applying rail pad stiffness based on fatigue effect(hardening and increasing stiffness) on the 3-dimensional FE analysis and laboratory test for static & dynamic characteristics. As a result, the hardening of rail pad due to fatigue loading condition are negative effect for the static & dynamic response of concrete slab track which is before act on fatigue effect. The analytical and experimental study are carried out to investigate rail pad on fatigue effected increase vertical acceleration and stress and decrease suitable deflection on slab track. And rail pad based on fatigue effect induced dynamic maximum stresses, the increase of damage of slab track is predicted by adopting fatigue effected rail pad. after due consideration The servicing HSR concrete slab track with resilient track system has need of the reasonable determination after due consideration fatigue effect of rail pad stiffness which could be reducing the effect of static and dynamic behavior that degradation phenomenon of structure by an unusual response characteristic and a drop durability.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2023

The use of engineering plastic products in internal combustion engine and electric cars to improve stiffness and reduce weight is increasing significantly. Among various lightweight materials, engineering plastics have significant advantages such as cost reduction, improved productivity, and weight reduction. In particular, engineering plastics containing glass fibers are used to enhance stiffness. However, the stiffness of glass fibers can increase or decrease depending on their orientation. Before developing plastic products, optimal designs are determined through injection molding and structural analysis to enhance product reliability. However, reliable analysis of products with variable stiffnesses caused by anisotropy cannot be achieved via the conventional isotropic structural analysis, which does not consider anisotropy. Therefore, based on the previously reported study "the Effect of Impacted Fracture in Glass Fiber Orientation with Injection Molding & Structural Coupled Analysis," this study aims to investigate the structural analysis and degradation mechanisms of various polymers. In particular, this study elucidates the actual mechanism of plastic fracture by analyzing various fracture conditions and their corresponding simulations. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to apply the injection molding and structural coupled analysis mechanism to develop engineering plastic products containing glass fibers. In addition, the study aims to apply and improve the plastic fracture mechanism in actual products by exploring anisotropy and stiffness reduction owing to the unfilled polymer weld line.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2023

The H-shaped steel beam is popular due to its ease of manufacturing and connection to the column. This profile, which is used as a shallow beam, needs the high weak-axis bending stiffness and torsional stiffness to meet the overall stability. Achieving the local beam flange stability, bearing capacity, bending stiffness, and torsional requirements need a great thickness and width of the beam flange, which causes, which will cause more uneconomical structural design. So, the box-section beam is the ideal alternative. However, the current design specifications do not have design rules for the bolt-and-welded connection of the box-section beam and box-section column. The paper proposes a novel bolt-and-welded connection of the box-section beams and box-section columns based on a high-rise structural design scheme. Three connection models, BASE, WBF, and RBS, are analyzed under cyclic loading in ABAQUS software. The failure modes, hysteresis response, bearing capacity, ductility, plastic rotation angle, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation of all models are determined and compared. Compared with the other two models, the model WBF exhibited excellent seismic performance, ductility, and plastic rotation ability. Finally, model WBF was chosen as the connection scheme used in the project design.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2012

강재형 댐퍼는 주로 철골구조에서 많이 사용되어 왔으나 최근에 들어 철근콘크리트 건물에도 사용빈도가 증가하는 추세이다. 철근콘크리트 건물에 강재이력댐퍼를 적용하기 위해서는 댐퍼의 접합부재가 댐퍼의 지지능력을 보 및 벽체로 전달하기에 적합한 강도와 강성을 지녀야만 한다. 하지만 균열로 인한 철근콘크리트 요소의 손상은 부득이한 것으로, 댐퍼로부터 지지부재로의 하중전달 메커니즘과 댐퍼 지지부재 이력특성의 규명은 이러한 댐퍼의 거동을 평가하는데 매우 중요하다. 이에 이 연구에서는 EaSy 댐퍼와 같은 강재판형 이력댐퍼의 지지부재와 RC벽체와의 접합상세를 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 실험 결과 전단과 관련된 균열의 양과 패턴을 제외하고는 모든 실험체의 파괴패턴은 거의 동일한 것으로 나타났으며, 잘 분산된 균열을 지닌 HD-3 실험체가 에너지소산능력, 강성저하 그리고 강도저하 측면에서 좋은 거동을 보여주었다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제8권5호통권39호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2004

기존의 철근콘크리트 부재의 이력모델은 실험에 기초한 경험식을 사용하여 주기거동시 나타나는 강성저하를 나타내는데 중점을 두므로, 에너지소산능력을 정확히 예측할 수 없다. 최근 다양한 설계변수의 영향을 고려하여 주기거동 동안 소산하는 에너지를 정확히 계산할 수 있는 설계식이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 설계식에 기초하여 휨지배 부재에 대한 에너지기초이력모델(Energy-Based Hysteretic Model)을 개발하였다. 제안된 모델은 완전한 주기거동을 할 경우 실제거동과 동일한 에너지를 소산하도록 고안된 선형모델로, 주곡선(Primary Curve)과 주기곡선(Cyclic Curve)을 근간으로 하고 다섯 가지 제하/재하 규칙을 적용하여 핀칭 및 강성저하를 수반하는 주기거동을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 실험과의 비교를 통하여 제안된 이력모델의 정확성과 유효성을 검증하였다. 제안된 이력모델은 간단하면서도 수치해석의 적용에 용이하므로, 정적 및 동적 비선형 해석/설계 프로그램의 개발에 사용할 수 있다.