• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2007

Among various rapid prototyping processes, stereo-lithography process which can manufacture transparent prototype is known to be the greatest in the form & dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. In this paper, bench mark tests of 4 stereo-lithography-type rapid prototyping apparatus were carried out using transparent materials. The test includes measurement of mechanical properties, form accuracy, building speed and manufacturing cost. It was observed that ViperPRO of 3D systems is advantageous in the mechanical properties and building speed, RM600011 of CMET in sub-milli scale form accuracy and manufacturing cost, and relatively economical Eden500V of Objet is great in tensile strength at room temperature.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

In this paper, an estimation of person height and 3D location of a moving person by using the pan/tilt-embedded stereo tracking system is suggested and implemented. In the proposed system, face coordinates of a target person is detected from the sequential input stereo image pairs by using the YCbCr color model and phase-type correlation methods and then, using this data as well as the geometric information of the stereo tracking system, distance to the target from the stereo camera and 3-dimensional location information of a target person are extracted. Basing on these extracted data the pan/tilt system embedded in the stereo camera is controlled to adaptively track a moving person and as a result, moving trajectory of a target person can be obtained. From some experiments using 780 frames of the sequential stereo image pairs, it is analyzed that standard deviation of the position displacement of the target in the horizontal and vertical directions after tracking is kept to be very low value of 1.5, 0.42 for 780 frames on average, and error ratio between the measured and computed 3D coordinate values of the target is also kept to be very low value of 0.5% on average. These good experimental results suggest a possibility of implementation of a new stereo target tracking system having a high degree of accuracy and a very fast response time with this proposed algorithm.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.276-286
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• 2008

스테레오 카메라를 사용하여 입체영상을 획득하는 대표적인 방법으로는 수렴 및 평행방식이 있다. 본 연구는 수렴 및 평행타입의 장점을 갖추고 자연스런 입체영상을 획득할 수 있는 평행타입 기반의 변형평행타입 입체영상 획득 방법을 사용하여 수렴방식의 입체영상 획득방법을 모사할 수 있는 인자들의 추출 및 정량적 분석을 통하여 중요 핵심인자를 정의하였다. 결과적으로 변형평행 타입에서 수렴타입을 모사할 수 있는 인자들은 스테레오 카메라의 간격, 화각 및 수렴각이고, 융합영역 내에서의 핵심인자는 수렴각의 변화이다. 결론적으로 변형평행타입으로 수렴타입을 완벽히 모사할 수 있는 인자들의 정량적 범위는 사용환경에 따라 다르며, 초점길이가 짧을 수록, 수렴각이 작을수록 근거리 물체에 대한 수렴타입과 변형평행타입의 영상좌표의 오차량은 적다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.210-213
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• 2000

In the closed range space, the parallel two CCD cameras are used to acquire a pair of stereo image. The acquired stereo image are computed with Wavelet Transform repeatedly and including the low frequency component, the image size of those are reduced. It is the pyramid structure. The optimum matching point is searched to the pixel. Then appling the optimum matching point to DLT, it extract the three - dimensional surface coordinate from a stereo image. The direct linear transformation(DLT) method is used to calibrate the stereo camera compute the coordinate on a three dimensional space. To find the parameters for the DLT method, 30 control points which marked on the cylinder type object are used. To improve the matching algorithm, the paper select the pyramid structure for Wavelet Transform. The acquired disparity information is used to represent the really three-dimensional surface coordinate.

• 센서학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 개발된 편광방식 스테레오 모니터링(KAERI-PSM) 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해 6 D.O.F의 퓨마 로보트를 이용한 원격조작 실험을 수행하였다. 카메라의 관측각도를 달리하는 3가지 원격조작실험은 6명의 실험자가 힘반향 조이스틱을 사용하여 로보트 암을 (1) 직접 (2) 일반 모니터 (3) 동기방식 스테레오 영상 모니터 및 (4) 개발된 편광방식 스테레오 영상 모니터를 통하여 보면서 6가지의 조합된 방법으로 총 36번 수행하여 걸린 평균 시간과 평균 에러 발생 수를 비교하는 것이다. 실험 결과 스테레오 영상 모니터를 사용한 원격작업은 일반 모니터를 이용했을 때 보다 훨씬 짧은 시간에 정확히 수행할 수 있었으며, 물체 이동에 대한 카메라의 각도가 실험의 주요한 변수가 됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 동기방식과 편광방식의 비교에서 속도와 정확도 면에서는 두 방식이 비슷했으나 눈의 피로도로 인한 작업의 안정성 측면에서는 편광방식이 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2009년도 정보 및 제어 심포지움 논문집
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• pp.369-371
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• 2009

휴머노이드 로봇에서 스스로 환경을 인식하는 기술은 필수적으로 필요하다. 그러나 정확하게 환경을 인식하기 위해서는 휴머노이드 움직임을 추정하여 보정해야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 type-2 퍼지셋을 이용하여 휴머노이드 로봇의 움직임을 스테레오 비전기반으로 추정하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 우선 스테레오 비전으로 얻은 Disparity Map을 Type-2 퍼지셋을 이용하여 추적할 대상을 추출한다. 추출된 대상은 보다 정확한 계산을 위하여 Wavelet Transform을 이용하여 정보량을 확장하였으며, 그 결과로 얻어진 결과영상들은 다시 Least suqare approximation과 Type-2 퍼지셋을 이용하여 하나의 결과값으로 나타내어진다. 연속된 두 이미지의 움직임을 추정함으로써 로봇의 움직임을 추정하게 된다. 제안된 방법은 실험을 통하여 그 추정 정확도나 연산속도 면에서 효율적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.763-764
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• 2008

Sensing is an important part of a smart home system. Vision sensors are a type of passive systems, which are not sensitive to noise. In this paper, we implement a prototype for stereo vision systems using OpenCV. It is an open source library for computer vision developed by Intel corporation. The prototype will by used for comparing performance among various stereo algorithms and for developing a stereo vision smart camera.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅳ
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• pp.2407-2410
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a new stereoscopic video conversion methodology that converts two-dimensional (2-D) MPEG-4 video to stereoscopic video. In MPEG-4, each Image is composed of background object and primary object. In the first step of the conversion methodology, the camera motion type is determined for stereo Image generation. In the second step, the object-based stereo image generation is carried out. The background object makes use of a current image and a delayed image for its stereo image generation. On the other hand, the primary object uses a current image and its horizontally-shifted version to avoid the possible vertical parallax that could happen. Furthermore, URFA(Uncovered Region Filling Algorithm) is applied in the uncovered region which might be created after the stereo image generation of a primary object. In our experiment, show MPEG-4 test video and its stereoscopic video based upon out proposed methodology and analyze Its results.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2003

A stereo matching has been an important tool for the reconstruction of 3D terrain. The current state of stereo matching technology has reached the level where a very elaborate DEM(Digital Elevation Map) can be obtained. However, there still exist many factors causing DEM error in stereo matching. This paper propose a new method to reduce the error caused by the lack of significant features in the correlation window The proposed algorithm keeps the correlation window as small as possible, as long as there is a significant feature in the window. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method increases the DEM accuracy by $72.65\%$ in the plain area and $41.96\%$ in the mountain area over the conventional scheme. Comparisons with Kanade's result show that the proposed method eliminates spike type of errors more efficiently than Kanade's adaptive window technique and produces reliable DEM.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.507-510
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• 2002

An algorithm of 3-D particle image velocimetry(3D-PIV) was developed for the measurement of 3-D velocity Held of complex flows. The measurement system consists of two or three CCD camera and one RGB image grabber. Flows size is $1500{\times}100{\times}180(mm)$, particle is Nylon12(1mm) and illuminator is Hollogen type lamp(100w). The stereo photogrammetry is adopted for the three dimensional geometrical mesurement of tracer particle. For the stereo-pair matching, the camera parameters should be decide in advance by a camera calibration. Camera parameter calculation equation is collinearity equation. In order to calculate the particle 3-D position based on the stereo photograrnrnetry, the eleven parameters of each camera should be obtained by the calibration of the camera. Epipolar line is used for stereo pair matching. The 3-D position of particle is calculated from the three camera parameters, centers of projection of the three cameras, and photographic coordinates of a particle, which is based on the collinear condition. To find velocity vector used 3-D position data of the first frame and the second frame. To extract error vector applied continuity equation. This study developed of various 3D-PIV animation technique.