• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.237-262
• /
• 2015

In this study, we try to compare different intensity measures for evaluating nonlinear response of bridge structure. This paper presents seismic analytic fragility of a three-span concrete girder highway bridge. A complete detail of bridge modeling parameters and also its verification has been presented. Fragility function considers the relationship of intensities of the ground motion and probability of exceeding certain state of damage. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) has been subjected to the bridge from medium to strong ground motions. A suite of 20 earthquake ground motions with different range of PGAs are used in nonlinear dynamic analysis of the bridge. Complete sensitive analyses have been done on the response of bridge and also efficiency and practically of them are studied to obtain a proficient intensity measure for these types of structure by considering its sensitivity to the period of the bridge. Three dimensional finite element (FE) model of the bridge is developed and analyzed. The numerical results show that the bridge response is very sensitive to the earthquake ground motions when PGA and Sa (Ti, 5%) are used as intensity measure (IM) and also indicated that the failure probability of the bridge system is dominated by the bridge piers.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.331-338
• /
• 2001

The soil-steel bridges which were introduced in Korea recently are widely used instead of underpasses of highway or small bridges. This bridge is a kind of flexible buried conduit which sustain the applied load by the interaction with the backfill soil. The 6.25m din. round soil-steel bridge was instrumented so as to investigate the behavior of load sustenance, The axial forces and moments at the 7 locations around the metallic shell were calculated from the measurement of strains during backfilling. The maximum axial force and moment were compared with those of various design predictions. Finally, the stability of bridge was evaluated.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2021

본 논문은 교량 하부에서 발생된 화재에 대한 강합성 교량 및 PSC 교량 상부구조의 화재손상평가를 위한 수치해석적 연구이다. 수치해석의 정확성 및 효율성을 높이기 위해 구성재료의 과도 비선형 열적 특성이 고려된 열유동 해석 기법이 제안되고, 이를 통해 국내 실제 화재가 발생된 강합성 교량인 부천고가교 및 PSC 교량인 양산고가교에 대한 열유동 화재해석이 수행된다. 해석결과 강합성 교량 상부구조의 콘크리트 슬래브 및 강재 거더 하부 플랜지의 경우 임계온도를 초과하였고, PSC 교량 상부구조의 슬래브, 상부 및 하부 플랜지, 그리고 복부의 경우 전부 임계온도를 초과하였으나, 주요 부재인 텐던의 경우 임계온도를 초과하지 않았다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.131-154
• /
• 2012

In this paper, it is aimed to determine the seismic behaviour of highway bridges by nondestructive testing using ambient vibration measurements. Eynel Highway Bridge which has arch type structural system with a total length of 216 m and located in the Ayvaclk county of Samsun, Turkey is selected as an application. The bridge connects the villages which are separated with Suat U$\breve{g}$urlu Dam Lake. A three dimensional finite element model is first established for a highway bridge using project drawings and an analytical modal analysis is then performed to generate natural frequencies and mode shapes in the three orthogonal directions. The ambient vibration measurements are carried out on the bridge deck under natural excitation such as traffic, human walking and wind loads using Operational Modal Analysis. Sensitive seismic accelerometers are used to collect signals obtained from the experimental tests. To obtain experimental dynamic characteristics, two output-only system identification techniques are employed namely, Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition technique in the frequency domain and Stochastic Subspace Identification technique in time domain. Analytical and experimental dynamic characteristic are compared with each other and finite element model of the bridge is updated by changing of boundary conditions to reduce the differences between the results. It is demonstrated that the ambient vibration measurements are enough to identify the most significant modes of highway bridges. After finite element model updating, maximum differences between the natural frequencies are reduced averagely from 23% to 3%. The updated finite element model reflects the dynamic characteristics of the bridge better, and it can be used to predict the dynamic response under complex external forces. It is also helpful for further damage identification and health condition monitoring. Analytical model of the bridge before and after model updating is analyzed using 1992 Erzincan earthquake record to determine the seismic behaviour. It can be seen from the analysis results that displacements increase by the height of bridge columns and along to middle point of the deck and main arches. Bending moments have an increasing trend along to first and last 50 m and have a decreasing trend long to the middle of the main arches.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.277-287
• /
• 2017

이 연구는 한계상태설계법을 기반으로 하는 도로교설계기준에 의해 철근콘크리트 휨부재 설계 시 적용하는 균형철근비와 최대 철근량에 대한 규정을 검토한 것이다. 현행 도로교설계기준(한계상태설계법)에서는 휨부재 철근량 산정의 기준이 되는 균형철근비에 대한 명시적 규정이 없고, 휨모멘트 재분배 효과를 반영한 최대 중립축 깊이 및 콘크리트 단면적의 0.04배로서 최대 철근량을 산정한다. 그런데, 최대 중립축 깊이 규정에 의하면 최대 철근량이 적게 산정되어 단면을 크게 하여야 하며, 콘크리트 단면적의 0.04배라는 한계값이 적용될 경우에는 인장 철근의 변형률이 항복 변형률의 2배 이하로 되어 충분한 연성거동을 보장할 수 없는 문제점이 있다. 이 연구에서는 연성거동을 확보할 수 있는 휨부재 설계를 위한 사용 철근량 산정의 기준이 되는 균형철근비를 극한한계상태 검증 규정 및 재료 특성과 콘크리트 기준압축강도에 따른 극한한계변형률을 도입하여 설계 실무에 적용할 수 있도록 간편한 식으로 유도하였다. 그리고, 설계된 휨부재가 충분한 연성이 확보되도록 인장철근의 최소허용변형률을 항복변형률의 2배로 가정하고 철근의 기준항복강도 및 콘크리트 기준압축강도에 상관없이 만족할 수 있도록 최대 중립축 깊이 비 보정계수를 도입하여 수정하고, 이로부터 최대철근비를 산정할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권1호통권68호
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2004

현대 교량이 연속화, 장대화되어 가는 추세에 따라 강-콘크리트 합성거더교의 내구성 및 안전성 확보를 위해 콘크리트의 건조수축과 크리프 등 장기거동에 의한 영향이 정확히 평가 산정되어야 한다. 그러나, 현 도로교 설계기준에 주어진 최종 건조수축 변형률은 $180^{1\;2}$인데 이는 실험적 연구 등을 통해서 밝혀진 값보다 현저히 작은 값으로 여러 시공사례에서 문제점이 발견되고 있는 등 건조수축에 의한 영향이 과소평가 되고 있어 이에 대한 수정이 필요한 시점에 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 바닥판으로 콘크리트 슬래브를 적용한 플레이트 거더교 박스 거더교, 플리플렉스빔교를 대상으로 콘크리트 구조설계기준에 제시된 건조수축 및 크리프에 대한 규정을 적용하여 시간단계별 비선형 해석을 수행하였고, 얻어진 결과를 도로교 설계기준에 따라 산정된 값들과 비교 분석하여, 최종적으로 비선형 해석의 결과와 동일한 응력을 발생시키는 선형등가 건조수축 변형률을 산정하였다. 그 결과 도로교 설계기준에서 제시한 $180^{1\;2}$ 보다 대략 2배의 값을 적용하는 것이 실제의 건조수축의 영향을 반영하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2001년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2001
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2001

The object of this research is to evaluate the seismic performance of existing circular reinforced concrete bridge piers by the Quasi-static test. Existing reinforced concrete bridge piers, which were non-seismical]y designed in accordance with the conventional provisions of Korea Highway Design Specification, are needed to rating evaluate seismic performance fur probable earthquake motions in future by developing a seismic analysis computer program with estimation algorithm. This study has been performed to verify the effect of lap spliced longitudinal steel, confinement steel type and confinement steel ratio for the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete bridge piers. Quasi-static test has been done to investigate the physical seismic performance of RC bridge piers, such as displacement ductility, energy absorption, strength degradation etc.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.341-346
• /
• 2001

Near source earthquakes can be characterized not only by strong horizontal but also by strong vertical ground motions with broad range of dominant frequencies. The inelastic horizontal response of thin-walled L-shaped steel bridge piers, which are popularly used as highway bridge supports, subjected to simultaneous horizontal and vertical ground excitations of near source earthquakes is investigated. A comprehensive damage index and an evolutionary-degrading hysteretic model are applied. Numerical analysis reveals that the strong vertical excitation of a near source earthquake exerts considerable influences on the damage development and horizontal response of thin-walled L-shaped steel bridge piers.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.189-206
• /
• 2011

In this study, the subspace stochastic realization theories (SSR model I and SSR model II) have been applied to a real bridge for estimating its dynamic characteristics (natural frequencies, damping constants, and vibration modes) under ambient vibration. A numerical simulation is carried out for an arch-type steel truss bridge using a white noise excitation. The estimates obtained from this simulation are compared with those obtained from the Finite Element (FE) analysis, demonstrating good agreement and clarifying the excellent performance of this method in estimating the structural dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, these methods are applied to the vibration induced by both strong and weak winds as obtained by remote monitoring of the Kabashima bridge (an arch-type steel truss bridge of length 136 m, and situated in Nagasaki city). The results obtained with this experimental data reveal that more accurate estimates are obtained when strong wind vibration data is used. In contrast, the vibration data obtained from weak wind provides accurate estimates at lower frequencies, and inaccurate accuracy for higher modes of vibration that do not get excited by the wind of lower intensity. On the basis of the identified results obtained using both simulated data and monitored data from a real bridge, it is determined that the SSR model II realizes more accurate results than the SSR model I. In general, the approach investigated in this study is found to provide acceptable estimates of the dynamic characteristics of highway bridges as well as for the vibration monitoring of bridges.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.171-181
• /
• 2002

강상판의 포장에 사용되는 구스아스팔트는 시공시 $220^{\circ}C$에서 $260^{\circ}C$의 고온 상태에서 시공되기 때문에 강상판에 과도한 응력 및 변형을 발생시킬 수 있다. 따라서 구스아스팔트의 포설시 강상판에 미치는 열영향을 평가하고 그 영향의 최소화를 위한 포설폭과 패턴을 선정하여야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 영종대교 상로도로의 구스아스팔트에 의한 열영향을 평가하기 위하여 일련의 수치해석을 수행하였으며 그 결과를 계측결과와 비교하여 수치해석방법의 타당성을 검증하고, 구스아스팔트가 강상판에 미치는 열영향을 검토하였다.